ITINERARI D’ESPECIALITAT:

TRADUCCIÓ AUDIOVISUAL

TI0965-TI0966 DOBLATGE

L2. The market

Prof. Frederic Chaume

Professional
Issues
Industrial agents (three levels)

Content Producers
owners Distributor
OTT + TV + s
Film Festivals

LSPs Dubbing Project

Vendors studios manager

Dub director
Translator Adapter (Dub Sound
Assistant) engineer
Dub talents
 The dubbing process
Producer

(International Agents) Distributor

Vendor (Streaming Service –OTT-/TV Channel / Exhibitor)

Dubbing Studio (Casting and Production)

TV Channel / Cinema House

Source: Chaume (2004)

C

(Ferrer Simó,
2016)
Assets and agents (Ferrer Simó, 2016)
 The dubbing process
Produces an adapted
translation, which reflects all
the idiosyncrasies of the ST &
SC, makes dialogue sound
Translator
natural and synchronizes the
(Adaptor)
TV text to the screen characters’
Station / mouths the person
In some countries,
Notice: T who helps with loop
Distributor Dubbing
he segmentation, dubbing tags
dubbing / assistant or notations and dubbing
process VoD
production
can Platform Selects voice talents and
change Dubbing guides them to bring out their
based on director most appropriate and
timeline, accurate performances
partner, Voice talents
project, Interpret the final version of
Dubbing / the translation in the dubbing
etc. company Dubbing
Never booth
actors
take a
Records target dialogue on a
single
Sound blank track, which is edited
scenario
engineer and mixed with the original
as the
copy of the film (Chaume, 2012)
norm
Material received:
script + clip + reference materials (e.g. show
The translator at work
guides/creative guidelines/dubbing bibles,
glossaries, KNPs, consistency sheets, metadata file,
instructions), usually downloaded from client’s site or the
cloud  TEMA 3
translation
Works with:
Computer (1 or 2 screens), general & specialised
dictionaries, various translation resources (databases:
imdb, etc.)
Pre-formatted word-forms/excel-forms (adapted for file
import into the different kinds of segmentation
software/Taker-Systeme)
Software
Sometimes proprietary software
New trends – cloud dubbing (video/material on server)
Material submitted
Word or Excel file with the dubbing script (email/uploaded
to client’s site)
Electronic file (when working with software)
(Chaume, 2012)
Files with additional information (list of characters/updated
glossary/forced narratives/production sheet…)
 PROFESSIONAL ISSUES
• Civil servants in public TV stations
• In-house and freelance translators
• No professional board in many countries. Spanish
professional association: ATRAE www.atrae.org
• Dialogue writers tend to own the translation
• Access to the market:
– Dubbing/recording studios and subtitling companies (TV,
DVD, etc.) trama, eldoblaje.com, el doblatge.com
– CV + Personal interview
– Translation test
– Service providers: direct and reverse translation, with or
without script
 Very tight deadlines
and difficult working conditions

Web link

Game of Thrones (David Benioff & D. B. Weiss,

2011-2019)
 New profiles
Gestor de proyectos
 Qcer: Control de calidad / Control de diálogos (¿está
todo doblado? ¿Hay errores o fallos gramaticales?)
Tester
 Traductor multitarea
Transcripción de pantalla / de audio
Gráficas de personajes
Traducción de pastillas (rótulos, letreros, captions)
Conversión ES  LA ES
Conversión SPS  Subtitulación
 The dubbing process

• El proceso en los 90
• Squid Game en los 20 (Squid Game)

Observations made about the translator’s role?

Is the situation pictured in this clip similar in your country?
 Different practices
depending on the country
• Usually: Dubbing booth > dubbing actors, dubbing director
and sound engineer (+ dubbing assistant in Germany and Italy)
France: bande rythmo
• The translation and dubbing symbols are typed onto the
screen in a track called la bande rythmo.
• The track is added to the film, at the bottom of the screen,
only for dubbing purposes (viewers will never see it)
• Dubbing actors can read the dialogue lines while they are
looking at the screen and hearing the original actors.
• Dialogue lines run from right to left: when the text crosses a
(usually red) vertical line in the middle of the track, actors
should begin reading.
 Example: Bande rythmo

http://www.timecode.name/index.php?p=1_22_Cr-ation-d-une-bande-rythmo
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xcxa6o_bande-rythmo-fr_shortfilms
The détecteurs (people responsible for synchronising the
dialogues) may also add dubbing symbols to help dubbing
actors
 Professional issues
• Hacienda
– Declaración censal de alta (modelo 036-037)

• Seguridad social
– Régimen especial de trabajadores autónomos
– 225-285€ al mes (discount for young
entrepreneurs)
– To avoid paying when you’re not working,
you can register for just one month
 Professional issues
• IRPF
– 15%
– 7% during the first two years

 VAT
• 0% (translation, spotting and dialogue writing)
– Art. 20 Uno 26º Ley 37/1992, de 28 de diciembre de 1992
(copyright)
• 21% (proof editing and transcription)
 Professional issues
• No translation board
– You have to negotiate your fees according to
commission

• ATRAE
– Aimed at audiovisual translators and dialogue
writers (>200 members)
– www.atrae.org

• TRAG
– Mailing list for audiovisual translators
– http://xcastro.com/trag/
 Professional issues

• Copyright (Las entidades de gestión gestionan el

derecho de la propiedad intelectual)
– DAMA: Subtitling, dubbing and dialogue writing
– SGAE: Dubbing and dialogue writing
– Important to register your translations or else the
dialogue writer will be the owner of them
Percentage Dubbing (SGAE and DAMA) Subtitling (DAMA)

Translation and adaptation Dialogue Writing (2.625%)

(5.25%)
Translation (2.625%) Translation (0.56%)

Spotting (0.56%)
 FEES IN GERMANY

• Base rate: price per word

• Rough translation: 200-400€ / 90’ film
– Done in 3-5 days
• Dialogue writing: 1,000-3,000€ / 90’ film
– Done in about 10 days
– Takes and symbols usually by in-house workers
• Rough translation: 1.5% of the film budget
• Dialogue writing: 10% of the film budget
 FEES IN FRANCE

Translation & Dialogue Writing

For TV 286 €/ reel (10 minutes)

Cinema 377 €/ reel (10 minutes)
SNAC, 2013 [http://www.snac.fr/actus.htm#db]

En gros on est payé 25.90 la minute d'adaptation que ce soit

TV ou DVD.

Quand il s'agit de films qui sortiront direct en DVD, souvent ils

sont fait par de petites boîtes qui paient au forfait. Et là, ça
 FEES IN ITALY
Translation & Dialogue Writing

Italy, fees per reel (10 mins):

Films, TV movies... 245.90€/ reel

TV Series, Sit-coms, documentaries (lip synch) 235.19 €/ reel

Cartoons, Soap Operas 185.51 €/ reel

Documentaries, reality shows, docudrama (simil synch) 95€

Documentaries (oversound) 80 €
January 2018
 FEES IN SPAIN (TV, VoD)

Translation Dialog Writing

• Films & TV series 36.50 € /reel (10’) 40.00 € /reel (10’)

• Cartoons 34.75 € /reel (10’) 37.00 € /reel (10’)

• Documentaries 42.00 € /reel (10’) 15.75 € /reel (10’)

• Dialogue writing: 7,85/min (cinema) – 4,55/min (DVD)

• Without Script and Reverse Translation: + 100%

Dubbing actors (voice talents) 25-30€ /notif.

+ 3€/take
 Find out what professional AVT translators think…

Do dubbing What are the

studios tend to be professional
large companies? prospects in
AVT/dubbing?

Can I work as
Jostrans Interviews
an in-house
Chaume translator in
Freelance AV translator
Dubbing director
dubbing/AVT?
 Professional prospects?
• Freelance/In-house translator but many
other opportunities:
– Example: MTV Language Operations Supervisor
• Where can I find information?
– TRAMA Newsletter
– EGA (Etertainment Globalization Association)
– ESIST
– Check websites of companies dealing with
audiovisual content
• http://www.tvs.fr/eng.php
• http://www.redbeemedia.com/careers?location=All
• http://www.itfc.com/
 Dubbing
software?
 Software - Revoicing
• VideoPad
• Filmora

• Voice Q DUB
• ZooDubs
• Netflix Studio

• Happy Scribe
• Taker
Questions?
 Formación
University College London Universität Hildesheim
University of Roehampton Lessius Hogeschool Antwerp
University of Surrey Università di Parma
University of Leeds Università di Pisa
University of Westminster Università di Torino
Middlesex University UNINT
Open University Universidad de Cádiz-ISTRAD
University of Malta Universitat Autònoma de
Université Nice Sophie Antipolis Barcelona
Université Toulouse II Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Université de Paris Ouest Vilniaus Universitetas
Université de Strasbourg Hamad bin Khalifa University
Université de Lille 3 ...