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Atomic Structure CSS EDST

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14 views14 pages

Atomic Structure CSS EDST

Uploaded by

alinoon3991
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GENERAL SCIENCE &

ABILITY
Atomic Structure and Radioactivity
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
What Is Chemical Bonding?

• Chemical bonding refers to the formation of a


chemical bond between two or more atoms, molecules
or ions to give rise to a chemical compound. These
chemical bonds are what keep the atoms together in
the resulting compound.
TYPES OF BONDS
• The type of chemical bonds formed varies in strength
and properties. There are 4 primary types of chemical
bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield
compounds. These types of chemical bonds include
• Ionic Bonds
• Covalent Bonds
• Hydrogen Bonds
• Polar Bonds
IONIC BONDS

• Mostly occur
between metals
and non-metals
• Examples
include NaCl,
MgCl, KCl, KBr,
etc.
COVALENT BOND
Covalent bonds are formed when
atoms share electrons to achieve a
full outer electron shell. This
sharing of electrons can occur
between atoms of the same
element or different elements.
Covalent bonds are typically found
in molecules composed of non-
metal atoms.
Covalent bonds may be single,
double or triple.
Coordinate Covalent Bonds: In a
coordinate covalent bond (also
known as a dative bond), both
HYDROGEN BOND
A hydrogen bond is a specific type of weak chemical bond that
forms between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly
electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine)
and another electronegative atom in a different molecule or
part of the same molecule.
n a hydrogen bond, the hydrogen
atom carries a partial positive
charge (δ+) due to the
electronegativity difference
between hydrogen and the other
atom. This partial positive charge
allows the hydrogen atom to be
attracted to another atom with a
partial negative charge (δ-).
POLAR BOND
In a purely covalent bond (a), the
bonding electrons are shared equally
between the atoms. In a purely ionic
bond (c), an electron has been
transferred completely from one atom
to the other. A polar covalent bond (b)
is intermediate between the two
extremes: the bonding electrons are
shared unequally between the two
atoms, and the electron distribution is
asymmetrical with the electron density
being greater around the more
electronegative atom. Electron-rich
(negatively charged) regions are shown
in blue; electron-poor (positively
charged) regions are shown in red.
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
TYPES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
RADIATION

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