;Kt/L / klxnf] ljxf/

— leIf' ;+3/lIft æ;4Dd sf]ljbÆ

Email: sangha1000@hotmail.com

k[i7e"ld
af}4 cWoog s]bL| o
ljefusf] Pd=P= klg
;lsof] . ca oxL Ps–b'O{
dlxgfleq y]l;; ;Sofpg'
lyof] . To;}df hf]8tf]8sf;
;fy nflu/x]sf] klg lyP+ .
ToxL ;dodf leIf'
czf]ssLlt{sf] kmf]g cfof] .
pxf“ n ] ;Kt/Ldf ljz] i f
sfo{qmdsf] nflu hlt;Sbf]
rf“ 8 f] hfg' k g] { s' / f
;' g fpg' e of] . s] x L
xKtfcl3dfq n'lDagLdf >4]o leIf' ljdnfgGbsf] && jif{ k'us ] f] ljz]if pknIodf cfof]lht
dxfkl/qf0f sfo{qmddf hfg] s'/f ;'lglZrt x'b+ fx'b+ } klg cGtdf cfP/ SoflG;n x'gk'us ] f] lyof] .
t;y{ klg xf], pkTosf aflx/ hfg] s'/f ;'g/] d klg ;xif{ hfgsf] nflu :jLs[lt lbP+ t/ b]zsf]
kl/l:ylt klg ToxL g} xf] . oxL df3sf] @^ ug] 3f]if0ff ePsf] r'gfj layf]Ngsf] nflu ljleGg aGb
tyf cGo sfo{qmdn] ubf{ pkTosf aflx/ hfg] s'/fnfO{ lrGg] ;a}n] ghfg cfu|x dfq u/]gg\, clkt'
To;df an klg lbP .
o;} ;Gbe{df df3sf] !$ ut] z'qmjf/ clvn g]kfn leIf' dxf;+3sf] a;]sf] a}7sdf klg
;Kt/Lsf] gjlgld{t ljxf/ pb\3f6gsf] nflu leIf' dxf;+3sf] lgdGq0ff tyf Joj:yfsf] nflu kqfrf/
ePsf] /x]5 . ;f]lx kqcg';f/ klg clvn g]kfn leIf' dxf;+3sf] k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf leIf' czf]ssLlt{,
d, leIf' c:;lh tyf Ps leIf'sf] gfd vfln /fvL k7fpg] lg0f{o eof] . ;Kt/Lsf] nflu Pp6f kq
klg tof/ eof] . leIf';3+ k'¥ofpg gk'us
] f] Pshgf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu ;f]lx /flq cfgGbs'6L ljxf/sf
leIf' k`f/TgnfO{ va/ u/]/ ;+3 agfP . leIf' dxf;+3s} k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf hfg kfp+bf uf}/jflGjt
x'b+ } To;sf] nuQ} ef]lnkN6 g} ;Kt/Llt/ hfg] ;'lglZrt eof] . xQkQ ;Kt/Lsf] af/]df s]xL
hfgsf/L a[xb\ ;fdfGo1fgaf6 lnOxfn]+ . d]/f] hfgsf/Ldf cfPcg';f/ ;/udfyf c~rnsf] t/fO{
lhNnf ;Kt/L xf] . o;sf] pQ/df pbok'/, k"jd { f ;'g;/L, blIf0fdf ef/tsf] ljxf/ k|fGt / klZrddf

-(1)-
l;/xf lhNnf kb{5g\ . % j6f ;+;bLo lgjf{rg If]q ePsf] of] lhNnfsf] s"n ju{ ls=ld= If]qkmn !#^#
/x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; lhNnfdf !!$ j6f uf=lj=;=x¿ /x]sf 5g\ eg] Psdfq gu/kflnsf 5–
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf .

;Kt/L;Ddsf] ofqfM
df3 !% ut] . zlgjf/ . ljxfg %M#) ah] sn+sLdf k'Ug'kg]{ / ^M)) ah] a; u'l8xfNg] lxdfn
oftfoftsf] a; l6s6 lyof] . laxfg ;a]/} $M#) ah] 38Lsf] 306L tyf cfgGbs'6L ljxf/af6 cfPsf]
kmf]gsf] 306Ln] p7]+ . xQkQ xftd'v ;kmf u/L Pslbg cufj} tof/ ul//fv]sf] Aofu ;dft]/ %
ah]lt/} ;+3f/fd ljxf/sf] sf]7fnfO{ 5f]8/] lgl:sP+ . aflx/} 6\ofS;L /x]5 . 6\ofS;Laf6 cfgGbs'6L
ljxf/sf] k`f/TgnfO{ lnP/ sn+sLsf] a;kfs{df k'u+] . cem} klg czf]ssLlt{ eGt] cfpg'ePsf]
lyPg . ToxL ;dodf sfpG6/df s'/f u/]/ cln tnaf6 z'¿ ul//fv]sf] l;6nfO{ dfly A, B af6}
ldnfpg nufof}+ . Ps lunf; lrof vfg klg Eofof}+ . ^ ah] uf8L u'8g\ ] a]nf;Dd Toxf“ xfd|f] ;d"x
* hgf k'lu;s]sf] lyof]– !_ leIf' cZjsLlt{, @_ leIf' ;+3/lIft, #_ leIf' k`f/Tg, $_ leIf' c:;lh,
%_ >fd0f]/ kb'd, ^_ >f= ;'Gb/sLlt{, &_ >f= kl0ftf], / *_ >f= a'4bQ .
a; 7Ls ;dodf u'8o\ f] . ;a}sf] cg'xf/df k|;Ggtf clg ofqfsf] dgf]/dtf emlNsGYof] .
;a}eGbf cufl8sf] l;6df cZjsLlt{ eGt];u+ a;]sf] x'gfn] cufl8sf] b[Zofjnf]sg ug{ klg Hofb}
;xh lyof] . ofqf /dfOn} eof] . ofqfs} bf}/fgdf d}n] ;+us
} f] czf]ssLlt{ eGt]nfO{ ;f]ws
] f] lyP+– eGt],
;Kt/L eg]/ lsg elgof] <
pxf“n] eGg'eof]– lsg elgof], eg t <
d}n
+ ] Pslbg cufl8dfq a[xb\ g]kfnL ;fdfGo 1fgdf k9]sf] lyP+, ;f]lx cg';f/ eGgyfn]–+
;+:s[te\ fiffdf ;Kt eg]sf] ;ft / cl/ eg]sf] zq' . klxnf of] lhNnfsf] pQ/k"jL{ x'b+ } aUg]
;Ktsf]zLsf ;ft j6f gbLx¿sf] af9Ln] oxf“sf dflg;x¿nfO{ ;f¥x} b'Mv lbg] ePsf]n] oLg}nfO{
zq'sf] ¿kdf lnP/ ;ft zq' cyf{t ;Kt cl/ cyf{t\ ;Kt/L elgPsf] xf] . clxn] kf] af“w afw]sf] x'gfn]
s]xL eP klg /fxt ePsf] 5 .
d]/f] s'/f ;'g/] eGt]n] ;xdlt¿kdf xf“:g'eP/ eGg'eof], – ;xL xf], ;xL .
sl/a *, ( ah]lt/dfq hnkfgsf] nflu ufl8 /f]Sof] . ;a}n] hnkfg ;f¥x} g/fd|f,] gld7f]
ePsf] u'gf;f] kf]Vb} lyP t/ klg ofqfdf k]6 eg'k{ g]{ ePsf] x'gfn] hnkfg ld7} dfg]/ vfP+ . o;}
;Gbe{df dgleq cg]s s'/f klg v]Ng yfNof] . cfh zlgjf/ . clxn] ;+3f/fd ljxf/sf] kl/olQ sIff
rln/x]sf] xf]nf . zld{nf ld; cfpg'eof] xf]nf . /f]lhtf, lalgtf, n'O;x¿n] klg sIff lnO/x]sf
xf]nfg\ . olb d Toxf“ ePsf] eP kl/olQ sIff lnO/x]sf] x'n + f ==========cflb–OToflb .
b]zsf] kl/l:yltn] ubf{ /fhdfu{sf w]/} 7fp“x¿df r]ls+u lyof] . To;sf] nflu a;n] nfdf]

-(2)-
;do s'g{' kb{Yof] . w]/} 7fp“df cfkm\gf] Aofu;lxt ofq'x¿ lx+8/] r]skf]i6 kf/ ug'k{ b{Yof] . xfdL
leIf'x¿ * hgf ePsf] x'gfn] vf;} sf]xL, sxL+ klg cf]n/{] lx+8g\ ' k/]sf] lyPg .
;Kt/L k'Ubf c“Wof/f] x'g nflu;s]sf] lyof] . ;Kt/Lsf] k|;jgLdf b'O{ hgf >fd0f]/x¿ cf]n{] .
ef]ln ljxf/ pb\3f6g x'g] 7fp“ oxL+ /x]5 t/ xfdL a:gsf] nflu hfg] 7fp“ eg] cem} 6f9f lyof] .
xfdL;+u} cfpg'ePsf czf]ssLlt{ eGt]sf] 3/ ;Kt/Lsf] kmQ]k/' ufp“df lyof] / ToxL+ xfdL a:g]
sfo{qmd /x]5 . t;y{ rGbgk'/ x'b+ } uGtJo:yndf k'Ubf /fqLsf] &, * alh;s]sf] lyof] . nfdf] ofqfn]
;a} ylst b]lvGYof] . a:g] 7fp“ /
lrofkfg ;sfP/ ;a} ;'Tgdf nfu] .
;a} d:tn] lgGb|fsf] ;fu/df n'6k'l6g
k'u] .

k|;jgLsf] ljxf/ ofqf

df3 !^ ut], cfOtjf/ .
czf]ssLlt{ eGt]sf] cg';f/ ljxf/
pb\3f6gsf] sfo{qmd ljxfgsf] (
ah]lt/ lyof] . t;y{ laxfg} ;Dk"0f{
sfo{qmd ;SofP/ lbp+;f] clnslt
;Kt/L 3'Dg] / ef]lnkN6 laxfg}
sf7df8f}+ kms{g] of]hgf agfPsf
lyof}+ . kmQ]k/' af6 k|;jgL ljxf/ k'Ug
! 306f nfUg] x'b+ f * ah] g} lx+8g\ ]
s' / f Pslbg cufl8 g} eGt] n ]
elg;s]sf] lyof] . t;y{ * ah]
cufl8 g} tof/ eP/ * ah]sf]
ufl8af6 k|;jgLsf] nflu xfdL ^ hgf lgl:sof}+ . xfdL /fhlj/fhsf] a;df r9\of}+ . a; ;f¥x} l9nf]
lx+8s] f] / aLr af6f]df w]/} ;dfgx¿ /fVb} lx+8s
] f]n] xfdLnfO{ l9nf] eO;s]sf] lyof] . Ps 7fp“df t
xfdL cf]n/{] lx+8g\ klg tof/ eO;s]sf lyof}+ . k|;jgLdf k'Ubf ( ah]/ #), $) ldg]6 uO;s]sf]
lyof] .
ljxf/ stf xf], xfdLnfO{ yfxf lyPg . eGt]s} dfu{lgb]z
{ gdf xfdL uf]/6] f] af6f], vf]nf–lsgf/f,
v]tsf] cfnL cfnL clg tf]/Laf/L x'b+ } !)M$% df dfq ljxf/sf] 5]pdf k'Uof}+ . Tof] 3/ ljxf/ agfpg]
bftf >L /dfgGb k|;fb l;+xsf] 3/ lyof] . ToxL+ ef]hg u/]/ dfq hfg] s'/f eof] . ;f]lx cg';f/ xfdL
Toxf“ ef]hg u¥of}+ .
xfdL ef]hg ug'c
{ ufl8 /dfgGb pkf;s ef]hg ub}{ lyof] . ;f¥x} a"9f] / czQm b]lvg] pxf“n]

-(3)-
Pp6f d]rdf a;]/ cufl8 a]Grdf /flvPsf] ef]hgsf] yfnLaf6 la:tf/} vfgf l6Kb} vf“b} lyof] . pxf“sf]
:jf:ysf] sf/0fn] ubf{ klg ljxf/ pb\3f6gsf] sfo{qmddf xtf/ ug'k{ /]sf] lyof] . ljxf/ pb\3f6gkZrft\
pxf“ :jf:yf]krf/sf] nflu sf7df8f}+ hfg] of]hgf lyof] .
ef]hg ul//x]s} ;dodf b'Oh { gf lxhf] oxL+ a;]sf >fd0f]/x¿ tyf oxL+sf csf{ b'O{ yf¿
>fd0f]/x¿, hf] eQmk'/sf] d'gL ljxf/df k|jl| ht ePsf lyP, klg cfOk'u] . ;a}sf] ef]hgkZrft\ xfdL
;a} ljxf/lt/ g} k|:yfg u¥of}+ .
sf7df8f}a+ f6 cfpg] a]nf lrtjgdf lxhf] vfgf vfg] a]nfd} czf]ssLlt{ eGt]n] eGg'ePsf]
lyof], ljxf/ klg vfgf vfg] oxL xnh:tf] 5 . o;y{ klg xfdLn] cufl8 b]vf kl//x]sf] 7"nf] xnh:tf]
3/ g} ljxf/ xf]nf eGg] cg'dfg u/]sf lyof}+ . glhs} hf+bf kf] yfxf eof], Tof] t x'nfs 3/ /x5] . a¿
To;}sf cufl8 /x]sf] 7"nf] rf}/ hf]l8Psf] :t"k / xn g} ljxf/ /x]5 . 7fp+ Hofb} /dfOnf] lyof] . r}To
klg 7"n} lyof] . r}To;+u} ljxf/ agfOPsf] lyof] . ljxf/sf] gfd /flvPsf] lyof]– af}4 hfu/0f l;+x
ljxf/ . ljxf/df xfn 7"nf] xn /
Pp6f s'gfsf] aLrdf Wofgd'bf| sf]
yfO a'4d"lt{ /flvPsf] lyof] . s'g}
sf]7f tyf rkL{sf] Joj:yf eg]
b]lvb}+g .

ljxf/ pb\3f6g
;df/f]xM Ps emns
xfdL ljxf/ k' U bf b' O {
rf/hgf dflg;dfq lyP . ;a} cs}{
Pp6f sfo{qmddf ;xefuL eO/x]sf]
hfgsf/L kfof}+ . la:tf/} em08f
/fVg], dfOs ldnfpg], ci6kl/isf/ ldnfpg], a'4k"hfsf] ;fdu|L tof/ kfg],{ sfo{qmdsf] tflnsf
agfpg], dfG5]x¿ hDdf kfg]{ cflb sfdn] ;do cln a9L g} lnof] . !@ gaHb}bl] v sfo{qmd
;+rfngsf] nflu rln/x+bf klg @ ah]eGbf ptf cfP/ dfq ;df/f]xn] ult lnof] .
;df/f]x k~rzLn k|fy{gf tyf a'4k"hfaf6 k|f/De eof] . ljxf/sf cWoIf /fdnug rf}w/Lsf]
;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm ;df/f]xsf] k|dv ' cltyL czf]ssLlt{ eGt] lyP eg] cltlysf ¿kdf
clvn g]kfn leIf' dxf;+3sf ;Dk"0f{ k|ltlglw leIf'x¿, >fd0f]/x¿ tyf lhNnfsf u0odfGo, ljleGg
;+3;+:yfdf cfa4 ljlzi6 kbflwsf/Lx¿, :yfgLox¿ cflb lyP . cf;g u|x0fsf] sfo{qmdkZrft\
:yfgLo ;'>L z'idf l;+xaf6 ;a}nfO{ Aofr ljt/0f eof] . tTkZrft\ leIf';3 + åf/f d+unufyf kf7
ug'e
{ O{ ljxf/df /flvPsf] Wofgd'bf| sf] a'4d"lt{ :yfkgf tyf cgfj/0f ul/of] eg] k|dv ' cltly
eGt]åf/f yf¿ efiffdf lnlvt lznfkqsf] cgfj/0f ug'e { O{ ljxf/sf] ;d'b3\ f6g ug'e
{ of] . 1ft
-(4)-
ePcg';f/, ljxf/ lgdf{0fsf] ;Dk"0f{ ef/ pkf;s /dfgGbaf6 ePsf] lyof] eg] ljxf/df k|lt:yflkt
a'4d"lt{ n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifaf6 pknAw ePsf] lyof] .
yf¿ efiffdf c+lst ul/Psf] pQm lznfkqdf o;/L s'l+ bPsf] lyof]–
gdf] a'4fo
lznfGof; @)%^ ;fn r}t ( ut]
>4]o leIf' czf]ssLlt{ s] s/sdn åf/f uf=lj=;= k|;jgL l:yt dlxs/ dfWolds
ljBfno cf af}4 hfu/0f r}To s] ;fldTo e"=k"= dxfGofoflwjQmf >L /dfgGb k|;fb l;+x -
yf¿_åf/f lgld{t af}4 hfu/0f l;+x ljxf/ d] Wofg d'bf| s] a'4 k|ltdf k|lt:yfkg s] z'e ;fOt d]
wfld{s ljlwk"js{s pb\3f6g e]n} .
a'4 ;+jt\ @%$(
lj=;+= @)^@ df3 !^ /f]h ! z'ed\ .
o;sf] nuQ} Pp6f csf]{ ljz]if sfo{qmd eof] . yf¿ ;d'bfodf cfkm\g} lglh vr{df ljxf/
lgdf{0f u/L cg's/0fLo a'4zf;gsf] of]ubfg ug'x{ g' ] e"tk"j{ dxfGofofwLjQmf >L /dfgGb k|;fb
l;+xnfO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fO{ ;Ddfg ug'{ lyof] . ;To;Gb]z k|rf/s k|sfzgåf/f ul/Psf] ;f] ;Ddfgsf]
nflu k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf cfkm" :jo+n] /dfgGb pkf;snfO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fO{ ;Ddfg u/]+ tyflk
k|sfzgsf k|sflzt af}4 k':tsx¿ klg k|bfg u/]+ .
ljxf/ ;d'b3 \ f6g ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt leIf';3+ nfO{ ljxf/ bftf kl/jf/af6 ci6kl/isf/ bfg
sfo{qmd eof] . ci6kl/isf/sf ljifodf tyf a'4sf] pkb]zsf ljifodf wd{bz ] gf ug]{ kfnf] d]/}
yfKnf]df cfof] . sfo{qmd yf¿ efiffdf eO/x]sf] lyof] t/ k|jrg g]kfnLefiffdf u/],+ h'g w]/n
} ] /fd|/L
a'em\b5g\ klg . ;do w]/} lalt;s]sf] x'b+ f k|jrg klg vf;} nfdf] ul/g+ . ljz]iftM a'4zf;gdf
ci6kl/isf/sf] dxTj, ljxf/sf] dxTj clg a'4f]kb]zsf] dxTjnfO{ lnP/ s]xL s'/f cl3 /fv]+ .
o;sf] nuQ} sfo{qmdn] csf]{ df]8 lnof] . ljxf/sf ;b:o c+hgL s'df/ l;+xaf6 yf¿efiffdf
:jfut uLt ufpg' eof] . ;df/f]xdf ljxf/sf pkfWoIf >L /3' s'df/ l;+xn] :jfut dGtJo lbg'eof] .
dGtJosf qmddf leIf' dxf;+3sf] k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf d]/f] /flvPsf] lyof] eg] c¿ ljleGg ;+3;+:yf
tyf ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx¿n] dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ljz]iftM dGtJo lbg]x¿df ljxf/sf ;Nnfxsf/
Pj+ df=lj= k|;jgL ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf >L tf/s]Zj/ k|;fb l;+x, yf¿ o'jf af}4 ;d"x ;Kt/Lsf
cWoIf >L dx]z s'df/ rf}w/L, ljxf/ lgdf{tf Pj+ ;+/Ifssf k|ltlglw¿kdf 5f]/fa'xf/L >LdtL alatf
l;+x, lgjt{dfg lhNNff ljsf; ;ldlt pk–;efklt >L an/fd rf}w/L, yf¿ sNof0fsfl/0fL ;ef
;Kt/L lhNnf ;efklt >L d'lQmgfy rf}w/L cflb lyP . aLr aLrdf dlxnfx¿, szxf df=lj=sf
lzIfs zq'wg rf}w/L cflbaf6 a'4sf] ehg ufpg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] ;df/f]xsf] ;+rfng eg] >L
lbnLk s'df/ l;+xn] ug'e
{ Psf] lyof] .

-(5)-
kmQ]k/' k'g/fudg
sfo{qmd k"0f{¿kdf ;ls+bf
$ alh;s]sf] lyof] . cem Toxf“
kmf]6f];;
] g ubf{, ljxf/sf :yfgLo
dflg;x¿;+u s'/fsfgL ubf{ em08}
% alh;s]sf] lyof] . xfdL cem} a;
r9\g] af6f];Dd k'Ug #,$ ls=ld=sf]
af6f] lx+8]/ hfg'kb{Yof] . t;y{
Toxf“af6 kmQ]k/' kms{g gEofpg] /
Tof] lbg ToxL+ a:gsf] nflu ;a}n] cfu|x ug{ yfn] . xfdL eGt]x¿ !) hgf lyof}+ . Joj:yf ug{
;lhnf] lyPg . t;y{ kms{g] g} lgwf] eof] . a¿ ;8s;Dd df]6/;fOsnn] k'¥ofOlbg] / Toxf“ a;
ge]l§Pdfq k'gM ToxL+ kms{g] s'/f eof] . xfdL ^ hgf $ j6f df]6/;fOsnaf6 ;8s;Dd cfof}+ . Toxf“
a; cem}+ afsL /x]sf] / Ps} l5gdf a; klg cfOk'us ] f] x'b+ f xfdL Toxf+a+ f6 kmls{of}+ .
a; rGbgk'/df cfP/ w]/} a]/;Dd /f]lsof] . c+Wof/f]n] j/k/sf] b[io b]lvg 5f8\of] . kmQ]k/' df
cfOk'Ubf & gfl3;s]sf] lyof] . cem Toxf“ nf]8;]l8+un] k"/} cGwsf/ b]lvGYof] . s]xL b]lv+bg} Yof] .
xfdL cfkm\gf] uGtJo:yndf k'Uof}+ t/ sf]7fdf k:g gkfp+b} czf]ssLlt{ eGt]sf] kl5 nfu]/
csf]l{ t/ nfluxfNof}+ . pxf“sf] cg';f/ glhs} cfuf] nfu]sf] 5 / xfdLn] cfuf] lgefpg s]xL ;xof]u
ug{;S5f}+ . t/ ;To of] klg ePg . cfuf] nfu]sf] geO{ cfuf] nufPsf] /x]5 . cfuf] nufP/ dflg;x¿
7fp+ 7fp+df hd36 eO{ al;/x]sf /x]5g\ . o;sf] klg sf/0f /x]5 . Tof] s] eg] of] kmQ]k/' ufp+
h+unsf] 5]pmd} lyof] . t;y{ oxf+ alQ uof], c+Wof/f] eof] eg] glhsaf6 h+unL xflQx¿ cfP/
tf]8kmf]8 dRrfpg cfOxfNYof] . Tof] lbg klg h+unaf6 xflQ cfPsf] sf/0fn] g} ;a} dflg;x¿
h+unL xfQLnfO{ eufpg 7fp+ 7fp+df cfuf] afn]/ a;]sf /x]5g\ .
xfdL cfkm\g} 7fp+df kmSof}{+ . xfd|f] k"j{ of]hgfcg'¿k ef]ln ljxfg sf7df8f} kms{g] lyof] t/
kmQ]k/' 3'Dg kfO/x]sf lyPgf}+ . ;Kt/LnfO{ /fd|/L lgofNg kfPsf lyPgf}+ . ;a}n] ;do 7Ls 5}g,
ghfpm eGbfeGb} oxf“;Dd cfOk'u/] To;} g3'dL hfg s;}sf] dg dflg/x]sf] lyPg . t;y{ ef]lnkN6
ljxfg} sf7df8f}+ gkmsL{ a¿ ef]hg;Dd ufp+ 3'd/] tTkZrft\ af6f]d} kg]{ lghu9 3'Dg], Toxf“ /x]sf]
WofgL tkZjLnfO{ e]6g\ ] / Tox+Laf6 gfO6a;df sf7df8f}+ kms{g] of]hgf aGof] . of]hgf ;a}nfO{ lrQ
a'em\of] .

Pslbgsf] kmQ]k/' e|d0f

df3 !& ut] ;f]djf/ . o; lbg xfdL ljxfg} p7\of}+ . ljxfgsf] hnkfgkZrft\ ;dosf]
kfjGbLnfO{ Vofndf /fv]/ 3'Dghfg] t/v/df nfluxfNof}+ . xfdL a;]s} 3/df a:g] / ljB't k|flws/0fsf]
km\or
" ;]jfdf sfo{/t holszg zfxalgof xfdLnfO{ 3'dfpgsf] nflu ;fy} nfu] .
-(6)-
 b'O{ lbg al;;Sbf klg kmQ]k/' ufp+nfO{ TolQ /fd|/L x]g{ kfPsf lyPgf}+ . xfdL oxf“ /flt
c+Wof/f]df cfpg] / ljxfg ;a]/} hfg] eO/x]sf] lyof] . t;y{ ufp+ clg al:tnfO{ /fd|/L lgofn]/ 3'Db}
pQ/tkm{ nfUof}+ . s]xL ;dosf] lx+8fO{df #@^ dL6/ nfdf] /x]sf] Pp6f k'n cfof] . pbok'/sf] ;Ldfgf
hf]l8Psf] o; k'nsf] gfd lqo'uf k'n (Triyuga Bridge) lyof] . xfdL of] k'nnfO{ kf/ u/]/
pbok'/sf] e"lddf klg kfOnf /fVof}+ . ToxL+ gbLsf] lsgf/fx'b+ } rGb|gx/lt/ gbLsf] aLraf6} cfof}+ .
sf/0f Toxf“ kfgL Psbd ;'Svf lyof] / gx/sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu gbLsf] aLrdf 9nfg u/]/ /fd|f; ] u+
af6f]h:t} agfOPsf] lyof] .
Psl5g lx+8/] ;Kt/Llt/sf] lsgf/fdf k'Ug nfUbf kf] b]Vof], Toxf“ kfgL gePsf] t xf]Og /x]5 .
gbLdf kfgL 5 t/ ;a} gx/Joj:yfn] af+w/] cs}l{ t/ df]l8Psf] lyof] . 1ft ePcg';f/, of] gx/
rGb|zd;]/n] agfOPsf] lyof] eg] of] g]kfns} klxnf] gx/ xf] . rGb|gx/sf] gfdn] k|l;4 o;nfO{
:yfgLox¿n] x]8af“g klg eGg] ul/G5 . o; gx/af6 kmQ]k/' uf=lj=;= nufot rGbgk'/, /fhlj/fhsf]
cf;kf;;Dd klg v]tLsf] nflu
l;+rfO{sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] u/]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf] lsNnfh:tf] nfUg] clg
gbLnfO{ /f]s/] ljleGg pks/0fsf
;fy agfOPsf] of] gbL sd cfsif{s
lyPg . t;y{ klg xf], xfdL;+u
3'ld/x]sf k`f/Tg, c:;lh / kb'd
eGt]x¿ Tof] 7fp+nfO{ 5f]8/] lgSs}
a]/;Dd cfp+b} cfPgg\ . kmf]6f] lvRgd}
d:t eO/x] . ;' G b/sLlt{ /
holszg;+u} d eg] Toxf“af6 la:tf/}
cufl8 a9]+ .
cufl8 af/n] 3]l/Psf], hdLgsf] n]en gldn]sf] clg s]xL emf/x¿ 9flsPsf] Pp6f 7fp+
b]vfp+b} holszgn] eGb}lyof], of] 7fp+ klxnf rGb|zd;]/n] xflQ af+Wg k|of]u ul/GYof], t;y{ of]
7fp+nfO{ xflQ;f/ elgG5 . xflQ;f/, stfstf w]/} ;'lg;s]sf] gfp+ h:tf] nfUof] . kmf]6f] klg
lvlrxfn]+ . Toxf+af6 cln ptf uPkl5 rGb|uf]bfd, hxf“ rGb|zd;]/n] ;fdfgx¿ :6f]/ ub{y,]
a+unfr'/L, hxf“ cfsif{s km'6an rf}/ 5 eg] a]nfa]nfdf 7"N7"nf] u]dx¿ klg x'g] ub{5, :jf:Yo
pkrf}sL, kf7zfnf, ljBfno, a;kfs{ cflb x]b{} xfdL 3/d} kmSof}{+ . ;do !) alh;s]sf] lyof] . cem}
rGb|gx/df cNdln/xg]sf] cQf]kQf] b]lv+bg} Yof] .
;do uO/x]sf] lyof] . ef]hgsf] a]nf x'b+ } lyof] . pgLx¿ gcfOk'us ] f] x'gfn] g} xfdL # hgf
k'gM PskN6 blIf0f–k"j{ lbzf eP/ ufp+ 3'Dg uof}+ . o;} a]nf b]v,+] ufp“df ;fdfGo¿kn] 3/ agfP/
a:g] ufp+nx] ¿ klg oxf“ w]/} lyP . oL 3/x¿ xfQLsf] ;fgf] k|x+ f/af6 g} w'hfw'hf x'g;SYof] . o;}n]
xf], lxhf] /flt c+Wof/f]df xflQsf] cft+s lgSs} 5fPsf] . xflQs} k|xf/n] Toxf“ b'Oj{ 6f 3/x¿ t Wj:t
-(7)-
eO/fv]sf] klg b]v]+ . Toxf“sf dflg;x¿ eGb} lyP– /ftel/ ;'Tg kfOg+ . s] ug]{ < o;/L k6s k6s
3/x¿ lalu|G5 clg k6s k6s 3/x¿ agfO/xg' kb{5 .
c+Wof/f]n] o:tf] cft+s dRrfpg] 7fp+df /flt g} nf]8;]l8+u ug'k{ 5{ t < eGg] d]/f] lh1f;fdf
ljB't k|flws/0fdf sfo{/t holszg eGb5, s] ug]{ < xfdLn] ug]{ xf]Og, dflyaf6} u/]/ Nofp+5 .
Toxf“af6 df5f kmfd{ xfp; klg x]g{ uP+ . cfdL{x¿n] SofDk agfP/ a;]sf] o; 7fp+df hfg
cg]s ;f]wvf]h / r]ls+u ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] . leq kmf]6f] lvRg klg gkfOg] /x]5 . o;sf afjh'b klg
oxf“ leq uP+, x]/,+] 8'n+] clg df5f pTkfbg ug]{ ljlwx¿ af/]df klg hfgsf/L lnP+ . Toxf“af6 kms]/{
gof“ al:t a:g nfu]sf] / zflGtgu/ gfd /fVg nfu]sf] 7fp+df x'b+ } u/]sf] xl6of klg x]/+] . ljz]iftM
oxf“ z'qmjf/ / ;f]djf/ xl6of nfUg] /x]5 .
ufp+, al:t 8'n/] xfdL lglZrt 3/d} kmSof}{+ . ca xfdL Tof] lbg ToxL+ a;]/ csf]{ lbg l;w}
sf7df8f}+ hfg] lg0f{odf k'Uof}+ . lbgdf
s]xL cf/fd lnPtf klg k'gM pbok'/,
;Kt/Ls} ufp“x¿ 3'Dbf3'Db} /fltsf] &,*
alh;s]sf] lyof] . Tof] lbg ;a}sf] nflu
ofbuf/ /x\of] . ofqfsf] ysfOn] ;a}
r'/r'/ klg 5+b} lyof] .

sf7df8f}+ k'g/fudg
df3 !* ut], d+unjf/ . ljxfg
;a]/} p7\of}+ . xNsf lrofkfg uof}{+ .
czf]ssLlt{ eGt] s]xL lbgkl5dfq sf7df8f}+ kmls{g] eof] . xfdL % hgf eGt]x¿dfq % ah]s} a;af6
sf7df8f}+ cfpg] a;df r9\of}+ . xfdL r9]sf] a;, 8«fOe/, vnf;L ;a} sf7df8f}a+ f6 cfPs} / lrg]s}
k¥of] . t;y{ kmls{bf klg ;f¥x} /dfOnf] eof] . sf7df8f}s
+ f] sn+sLdf k'Ubf /fltsf] ^,& ah]sf] lyof] .
;a} cf–cfkm\g} ljxf/lt/ nfUof] . ofqf ;fy{stfsf ;fy ;DkGg eO;s]sf] lyof] .

lgisif{
yf¿ ;d'bfosf] afx'Notf /x]sf] ;Kt/L lhNnf a'4wd{sf] ljsf;df klg la:tf/} cl3
al9/x]sf] b]lvG5 . oxf“af6 slthgf t eGt]x¿ alg;s]sf 5g\ eg] ca cfP/ ljxf/ klg ag]sf] 5 .
;fy} oxf“ ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg af}4 hfu/0f, k|jrg tyf /rgfTds sfo{x¿ klg x'b+ } cfPsf] 5 .
xfn cfP/ yf¿ hfltx¿n] cfkm"x¿nfO{ a'4sf ;Gtfg x'g\ eGg] s'/fdf uj{ ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . lglZrt
] . c:t' .
5, lgs6 eljiodf oxf“ a'4wd{sf] /fd|f] ljsf; x'g5
) ) )
-(8)-