POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION

POLYNOMIAL
FUNCTION
LECTURE BY : HASIBUR HOWLADER
ALGEBRA
GRADE: 9-11 TH
This lecture was adapted from the following sites:
https://www.slideshare.net/jessicagarcia62/polynomial-functions
https://www.slideshare.net/nicole379865/polynomial-functions-6818198?next_slideshow=1
https://www.slideshare.net/reynaldo_pantino/polynomial-function
https://www.mathplanet.com/education/algebra-2/polynomial-functions/basic-knowledge-
of-polynomial-functions

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OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
•Content Objective: Students will be able to LEARN

•GEOMETRICAL MEANING OF ZEROES OF THE POLYNOMIAL

• RELATION BETWEEN ZEROES AND COEFFICIENTS OF A POLYNOMIAL

• DIVISION ALGORITHM FOR POLYNOMIAL

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Content Standard
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.APR.A.1
1. Understand that polynomials form a system analogous to the integers, namely, they are closed
under the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication; add, subtract, and multiply.
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.APR.B.2
2. Know and apply the Remainder Theorem. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors
of polynomials.
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.APR.B.3
3. Identify zeros of polynomials when suitable factorization are available, and use the zeros to
construct a rough graph of the function defined by the polynomial
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.APR.C.4
4. Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships.
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.APR.C.5
5. (+) Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of (x + y)n in powers of x and y
for a positive integer n, where x and y are any numbers, with coefficients determined for example by
Pascal’s Triangle. Rewrite rational expressions. [Linear and quadratic denominators]

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WHAT IS
THE •First TEN minutes silently think
IMPORTA one your own then, Share your
thoughts with the person next to
NCE OF you, then share within your group.
POLYNO
MIAL ?

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POLYNOMIAL Polynomial functions with a degree

FUNCTIONS of 1 are called LINEAR
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS

A polynomial Polynomial functions with a degree

equation used to of 2 are called QUADRATIC
represent a POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS
function is called
a Polynomial functions with a degree
POLYNOMIAL of 3 are called CUBIC
FUNCTION POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS

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POLYNOMIAL DEGREES
DEGREE TYPE EXAMPLES
0 CONSTANT F(X)= 5

1 LINEAR F(X)= 3X + 2

2 QUADRATIC F(X)= X2 - 4

3 CUBIC F(X)=X2 + 2X + 1

4 QUARTIC F(X)=3X4 + X

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CATAGORIES
A polynomial of degree two is called a quadratic polynomial.
f(x) = √3x2 – 4/3x + ½, q(w) = 2/3w2 + 4 are quadratic polynomials with
real coefficients.
Any quadratic polynomial is always in the form:-
ax2 + bx +c where a,b,c are real nos. and a ≠ 0.

• A polynomial of degree three is called a cubic polynomial.

• f(x) = 5x3 – 2x2 + 3x -1/5 is a cubic polynomial in variable x.
• Any cubic polynomial is always in the form f(x = ax3 + bx2
+cx + d where a,b,c,d are real nos.

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It may be a monomial or a binomial.

F(x) = 2x – 3 is binomial
whereas g (x) = 7x is monomial
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f(x) = x + 2
LINEAR FUNCTION
DEGREE =1
MAX. ZEROES = 1

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f(x) = x2 + 3x + 2
QUADRATIC FUNCTION
DEGREE = 2
MAX. ZEROES = 2

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f(x) = x3 + 4x2 + 2
CUBIC FUNCTION
DEGREE = 3
MAX. ZEROES = 3

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Now Your Turn
Identifying Polynomial Functions
Decide whether F(X)= 1/2X^2 – 3X^4 - 7
the function is
a polynomial THE FUNCTION
function. If it is, IS A
S OLUTION POLYNOMIAL
write FUNCTION.
the function in
standard form IT HAS DEGREE
THE LEADING
4, SO IT IS A
and state QUARTIC COEFFICIENT IS
– 3.
its degree, type FUNCTION.
and leading
coefficient. ITS STANDARD
FORM IS F ( X ) =
– 3 X 4 + X 2 – 7. 1
2
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Now Your Turn
EVALUATING A POLYNOMIAL
FUNCTION
• Find f(m + 2) if f(x) = 3x 2 – 2x – 6

POLYNOMIAL • f(m + 2) = 3(m + 2) 2 – 2(m + 2) – 6

FUNCTIONS • f(m + 2) = 3(m 2 + 4m + 4) – 2(m + 2) – 6

• f(m + 2) = 3m 2 + 12m + 12 – 2m – 4 – 6

• f(m + 2) = 3m 2 + 10m + 2

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POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS
EVALUATING A POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION

Find f(-2) if f(x) = 3x 2 – 2x – 6

f(-2) = 3(-2) 2 – 2(-2) – 6

f(-2) = 12 + 4 – 6

f(-2) = 10

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Now Your Turn
Identifying Polynomial Functions
Decide whether the F(X)= -0.5X+πX^3 – SQRT 2
function is a
polynomial functio • SOLUTION
n. If it is, write the •The function is a polynomial function
function in
standard form and •Its standard form is f ( x ) = π x 2 – 0.5 x – 2
state its degree,
type and
• It has degree 2, so it is a quadratic function
leading coefficient.
• The leading coefficient is π .

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Now Your Turn

I) Find the zeroes of the
polynomial x² + 7x +
12and verify the relation f(x) = x² + 7x + 12 = x² + 4x + 3x + 12 =x(x +4) + 3(x + 4)
between the zeroes and
its coefficients.

Therefore,zeroes
of f(x) = x + 4 = 0, x Hence zeroes of f(x)
=(x + 4)(x + 3) = -4, x = -3
+3 = 0 [ are α = -4 and β = -3.
f(x) = 0] x

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