Best Approach: Definite Integration
Best Approach: Definite Integration
Definite Integration
Workbook
Pattern - II
By Mathematics Wizard
Manoj Chauhan Sir (IIT Delhi)
No. 1 Faculty of Unacademy,
Exp. More than 12 Years in
Top Most Coachings of Kota
Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
DEFINITE has at least one root lying in (a, b), provided
INTEGRATION f is a continuous function in (a, b). Converse
is not true.
Definition NOTE
b
Integration gives you net area positive above
Note f(x) dx = x-axis and negative below x-axis.
a
Important formula/ Speed Increase
(Value of anti-derivative at b, the upper limit) – / Remember
(Value of anti-derivative at a, the lower limit)
/2 /2
DEFINITE INTEGRAL AS (a) sin xdx cos xdx 1
0 0
THE LIMIT OF A SUM
Note : /2 / 2
b (b) sin 2 xdx cos
2
xdx
Note : f(x) dx = 4
a 0 0
b 1 /2 /2
3
or a f(x) dx = (b – a) nlim [f(a) + f(a + h) + (d) sin 4 xdx cos
4
xdx
n 16
0 0
..... + f(a + n – 1) h]
Q. If 2a + 3b + 6c = 0 then the Quadratic
ba Equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 must have a root
where h = 0 as n
n
in (0, 1) is true or not.
If f(x) is not defined at x = a and x = b, and
b b b
b
Note: f(t) dt or f(u) du or of f(x) dx are
a a a defined in the open interval (a, b) then a f(x)
same dx can be evaluated.
2 x b
Q. Evaluate 0 e dx as the limit of a sum In f(x) dx, the function f need to be well-
a
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
The area above the x-axis are taken positive,
1 1
while those below the x-axis are taken 1 x 1 x
Q. I= dx , J = dx
1 x 1 x
negative. 0 0
(A) I + J = 2 (B) I – J =
EVALUATION OF DEFINITE
INTEGRALS BY SUBSTITUTION (C) I = 2 + (D) J = 4 –
2 2
1
sin 1 x
Q.
0 1 x2
dx Q. In = xn e–x dx , n 0, n I
then prove that In = n!
Q. Show that
1
/ 2 dx x x2 1
Q. Evaluate dx
0 2 2 2 2
a cos x b sin x 2ab
, (a, b > 0)
0 1 x2
dx
dx
e 2
2
ex Q. (x )( x)
( > )
Q. If I1 = log x and I2 = 1 x dx, then what is
5
the relation between I1 and I2. x 2 dx
Q. Evaluate (x 3)(5 x)
3
2 dx 1/ 2
dx
Q. Evaluate directly as well as by the
2 4 x2 Q. (1 2x 2 ) 1 x2
0
/ 2
Q. Let an = (1 – sin t)n sin 2t dt, then find Q. Evaluate the value of the integral
0
2008
n 2 2 1
an 3x 8028x (2007) dx equal
the value of nlim
n 1 n
. 0 2008
2 1
1 x
a Q. Evaluate 1 x x e x dx
Q. If the value of definite integral 1 x .a [log x] dx , a 1/ 2
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
IV. If g (x) is the inverse of f (x) and f (x) has
1
domain x [a, b] where f (a) = c and
1 x
Q. Find the value of 1 x dx . b d
0
f (b) = d then the value of f(x) dx + g(y)
a c
/ 2 2
(sin x cos x) dy = (bd – ac)
Q. Find the value of I = 1 sin 2x
dx.
0
Q. If f : [0, 1] [e, e e ] f is increasing function
3 / 4
1 1 e e
1 1 1
1 x 1 x 2007 2008 dx
2008 2007
SOME STANDARD FORMS Q.
0
b b
I. n
a a
n
lim f n (x)dx lim f n (x) dx PROPERTIES OF
DEFINITE INTEGRALS
1 n
t Property-I
Q. lim 1 dt
n n
1 b b
7
f (x)dx f (t)dt
e x dx
a a
Q. lim
n 1 x n i.e., integration is independent of the change
0
of variable.
cos x b a
Q. lim n
dx Property-II f(x) dx = – f(x)dx
n
0 1 tan 1 x a b
1 Property-III
2
Q. x d(ln x)
1
b c b
b
d b
GENERALIZATION
III. a dx f (x) f (x)a The above property can be generalized into
the following form
b c1 c2
Note: if f(x) is continuous in (a, b). However if f(x)
is discontinuous in (a, b) at x = c (a, b)
f(x) dx = f(x) dx + f(x) dx + ..... +
a c1
a
b
d c b b
dx f (x) f (x)
a
a
f (x) c
f(x) dx
cn
1
d 1 1 where a < c1 < c2 < c3 ..... < cn–1 < cn < b.
Q. dx cot
1
dx
x
Q. |x| dx.
1
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
/ 2
Q. Evaluate cos x cos3 x dx
/ 2 x2 x dx
Q. If P =
0 1 x 4
dx ; Q =
0 1 x4
Q. If [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or
equal to x, then find the value of the integral dx
2
and R =
0 1 x4
then prove that
x 2 [x]dx .
0
1.5 (a) Q= ,
[x2] dx. [.] denotes the 4
Q. Find the value of
0
(b) P = R,
greatest integer function.
(c) P– 2 Q+R= 2 2
Q. If {x} denotes the fractional part of x, then
2
a
a
2 f (x)dx , if f (x) is an even function
a f (x)dx 0
t
REMARK
3
The graph of an even function is symmetric
Q. Find the value of x dx [.] denotes
1 2 about y-axis that is the curve on left side of
the greatest integer function. y-axis is exactly identical to curve on its right
side.
9
Q. Evaluate { 0
x} dx, where {x} denotes the a 0
f(x) dx = f(x) dx
fractional part of x. 0 a
Q. 1 2 cos x dx
0
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
2 32
Q. Prove that the value of (ax3 + bx + c) dx
2
Q. | x sin x |dx
1
depends on c.
3 2
1 x 1 x 1
Q. 1 tan tan dx
Q. Find the value of the integral x2 1 x
1
log(x +
1
x 2 1) dx.
Property-V (King Rule)
b b
TRICK
a
f (x) dx =
a
f (a + b – x)dx
b
ab
f (x) dx , Substitute x
a 2
y for limit
Q. x 3 x 7 x 5 x 1 x 9 dx
1
When to be used
1. Denominator remain same / lightly changed.
2. Addition is simple of f(x) + f(a + b – x).
Q. Find the value of
3. In Numerator we have x.
/2
/3 (sin x)dx
1. Evaluate
/ 6
(sin x) (cos x)
Q. Find the value of
0
/ 2
the value of / 2
(x2 + 1)(f(x) + f ''(x)) dx. 2
sin x cos x
Q. 1 sin x cos x dx
0
/4
x 9 3x 5 7x 3 x 1
Q. Evaluate dx
/ 4
cos 2 x / 2 sin x
Q. dx
0
Q. If f is an odd function, then evaluate sin x cos x
a f (sin x)
I= dx
a f (cos x) f (sin 2 x)
6 x
Q. dx
3
9x x
1/ 2
1/ 2 x 1 2 x 1 2
Q. Evaluate 1/ 2 x 1 x 1 2 dx
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
3 /4
x 2 dx x dx
Q.
2 2x 2 10x 25 Q. 1 cos 2x sin 2x
0
2
sin 3 x 1 3
x4 2x
Q. dx cos 1 dx
0
sin x cos x Q. 1 x 4 2
1 x
1/ 3
2
sin 2 x
Q. dx Q. For a > 0, Prove that :
0
sin x cos x
ln x dx
I= ax
0
2
bx a = 0
2 2
sin x
Q. 1 sin x cos x dx
0
ln x dx
Q. Evaluate: x 2 2x 4
0
dx
Q.
0 1 2tan x n
n 1
Q. Prove that ( 1)k k m 1 =
k0 k
/ 4 2
tan x
Q. dx
1 ex m
m 1
/ 4
( 1)k k n 1
k0 k
3 /8
4 3sin x
Q. n dx 3a 2
/8 4 3cos x dx
Q.
a 2 x a2 x2
(a > 0)
/ 4 2
Q.
0
ln (1 + tan x) dx Q. sin 2 sin d
0
2
1 sin 2008 x x
n t
Q. (2007)x 1 sin 2008 x cos2008 x dx
2
· Q. For x > 0, let f (x) = 1 t
dt. Find the
1
Q.
0
cot–1(1 – x + x2) dx
Q. Prove that :
3 / 4 2 4
x sin x
f (sin 2x) sin x dx = 2 f (cos 2x) cos x dx
Q.
/ 4 1 sin x dx 0 0
1
ln(1 x)
/2 Q. 2
dx
x sin x cos x 0 1 x
Q. sin 4
dx
0 x cos 4 x
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
2
ln x
1 x dx
Q.
12
2 Q. 0
sin3 x cos3 x dx
1
log(1 x) /2 2
Q. 0 1 x 2 dx . Q. Let u = cos sin 2 x dx
0
3
3 / 2
Q.
log(sec – tan) d. and v = 0
cos sin x dx ,
3
then find the relation between u and v.
3 2
Q. I=
2
[2 sin x]dx IMPORTANT RESULT
/2 /2
0
log sin x dx = 0
log cos x dx
Q. cot x dx =
/2
log sin 2x dx = log 2
0 0 2
3
Q. Evaluate 0
x log sin x dx
x x dx
8 11
Q.
3
/4
a
Q. /4
log(sin x + cos x) dx
Q. Find the value of 0
log(cot a + tan x) dx,
/2
2
x(sin x) 2n
x sin(2x).sin cosx dx , n N
Q.
2 dx Q. (sin x) 2n (cos x) 2n
0 (2x )
0
1
Property-VI (Queen Rule) sin 1 x
Q. 0 x dx
2a
0
f(x) dx =
2
2
a
2 f (x)dx, if f (2a x) f (x)
Q. (2cos x) ln(sin 2x) dx
0
0
0, if f (2a x) f (x)
x sin(cos x) cos(sin 2 x) dx
2
Q.
0
2
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
Property I Q. Let f be a real, valued function satisfying
nT T f (x) + f (x + 4) = f (x + 2) + f (x + 6).
0
f (x) dx = n
0
f (x) dx, where T is
x 8
Q. f (2 + x) = f (2 – x), f (4 + x) = f (4 – x)
16 /3
2
Q. Evaluate |sin x| dx
0 then prove that f (x)dx 5 also find
0
n
Q. Evaluate 4 |sin x + cos x| dx
/4 50
f (x)dx
0
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
Q. Prove that
LEIBNITZ'S RULE
(i) If f is a continuous function on [a, b] and sin 2 x cos2 x
y= 1/8 sin–1 t dt + cos–1 t dt,
u(x) and v(x) are differentiable functions of 1/8
x whose values lie in [a, b] then where 0 x/2, is the equation of a straight
d
dx v(x)
u(x)
f (t)dt line parallel to the x-axis. Find its equation.
x
dt
= f (v(x))
dv(x)
– f (u(x))
du(x) Q. f(x) = f 2 t ; f(2) = 61/3
dx dx 0
Find f (9).
(ii) If the function u(x) and v(x) are defined on
[a, b] and differentiable at a point x(a, b)
and f(x, t) is continuous, then x
Q.
x y 2 x
f(x) = e f ' y dy x x 1 e
d v(x) 0
f (x, t) dt
dx
u(x) Find f (1/2).
v(x)
d v(x) d
= f (x, t)dt f (x, v(x)) (u(x)f (x, u(x))
x dx dx
u(x)
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
x x
1
Q. If y = a f (t)·sin a(x t) dt then prove Q. f x f t dt . Find f (ln 5).
0 0
d2 y x
that a 2 y = f (x). f x 1 f t dt . Find f (ln 5).
dx 2 Q.
0
2
x
2 INEQUALITIES
cos t d t
Q. Limit 0
x0
x sin x Property I
x If at every point x of an interval [a, b] the
t 2
x e dt inequalities g(x) f(x) h(x) are fulfilled,
Limit 0 then
Q. 2
x 0
1 ex b b b
Q. Let f : R R be a differentiable function g (x) dx f (x)dx h (x) dx, where a
a a a
1
having f(2) = 6, f '(2) = . Then find < b.
48
(a) For a monotonic increasing function in (a, b)
f (x) b
4t 3
lim dt (b – a) f(a) < f (x) dx < (b – a) f(b)
x 2 x2 . a
6
x 1 1
sin x cos x
Q. Evaluate xLim
x e
0
t 2 x2
dt Q. Let I =
0
x
dx and J =
0
x
dx .
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
2 Q. f(x) be a diff. function with f(0) = 0 and f '(x)
(B) I < and J < 2 + f(x) 1 for all x greater than or equal to 0.
3
Then values not in Range of f(x) is/are :
2 (A) 1 (B) 2
(C) I < and J > 2
3 (C) 3 (D) 4
2 192x 3
(D) I > and J < 2 Q. f '(x) x ; f(½) = 0
3
2 sin 4 x
1 x 7 dx 1 1
Q. Prove that 0 < 0 3
(1 x 8 ) 8 If m f (x)dx M . Then possible value
1/2
3
Q. Prove that 4 3 x 3 dx 2 30 of m and M. [JEE Advanced 2015]
1
(A) m = 13, M = 24
1
2
x
Q. The value of the integral e dx lies in the 1 1
0 (B) m = ,M=
4 2
interval
(C) m = – 11, M = 0
(A) (0, 1) (B) (–1, 0)
(D) m = 1, M = 12
(C) (1, e) (D) none of these
SUMMATION OF SERIES USING DEFINITE
2
sin x INTEGRAL AS THE LIMIT OF A SUM
Q. Prove that : 1< dx <
x 2
0
/3
If f(x) is an integrable function defined on
sin x [a, b], then we define
Q. I1 dx ;
/ 6 x
b
/3
sin tan x ba
I3 dx . + f (a + (n – 1)h)], where h =
/6 tan x n
Arrange in the decreasing order in which
1 n 1
1 r
values I1 , I 2 , I3 lie : f n
f (x) dx = nlim
n
r 0
Q. Prove that 0
1
Note : This formula is very useful in finding the sum-
1 dx mation of infinite series which are expressible in the
;
2 4 x 2 x5 6
0 1 r
form n f n .
2
Q. 1 1 sin 3 x dx 1 2 ln(1 2 ) .
2 The following algorithm provided the procedure.
0
ALGORITHM
Step I Obtain the given series
Q. Find the approximat e value of
1 r
1 Step II Express the series in the form nlim
n
f
n
3
(1 x)(1 x ) dx .
0
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
r 1 Reduction Rule
Step III Replace by, , by x and by dx.
n n
Step IV Obtain lower and upper limits by computing sin nx
Q. In = dx , nN
0 sin x
r
lim for the least and greatest values of r
n n
Find I2019, I2018, I1, I2.
respectively. / 2
1 cos 2nx
Step V Evaluate the integral obtained in previous Q. In dx Prove that I , I
0 1 cos 2x n n+1
step.
The value so obtained is the required sum of and In+2 are in A.P.
the given series.
1
Q. Evaluate the following n 1
Q. If un = x tan x dx then prove that (n
0
1 1 1
(i) nlim
n 1
n 2
...
2n
1
+1) un + (n – 1) un–2 =
n n n 2 n
(ii) nlim
n 2 12
2 2
... 2
n 2 2n
(1P 2P ... n P ) /2
(iii) nlim ,P>0
n P 1 Q. If un = x(sin x) n dx , n > 0, then prove that
0
n 1
1 n 1 1
Q. Evaluate S = as n . un = u n 2 2 .
r 0
2
4n r 2
n n
Q. Evaluate :
626 e x sin 25 x dx
1 1 2 4 3 9 1 0
lim 2 sec 2 2 2 sec 2 2 2 sec2 2 .... sec 2 1 .
n
n n n n n n n Q. x
e sin 23 x dx
0
(n !)1/n
Q. Evaluate : nlim equals Q. If n be a positive integer then,
n
/ 2 / 2
Prove that 0
sinn x dx =
0
cosn x dx
1 1 1
1
2
Q. Lim n 2 n
·(11 ·22 ·33.......n n ) n equals
n n 1 n 3 n 5 3 1
= . . ... . . , n is even
n n 2 n4 4 2 2
1
(A) (B) n 1 n 3 n 5 4 2
e e = . . ... . .1 , n is odd.
n n2 n4 5 3
1
(C) (D) 4
e Q. Prove
/ 2
sinm x . cosn x dx,
4
e 0
1n
where m, n I+.
Q. Lim 2n Cn . When m, n both even
n
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Definite Integration
(m 1)(m 3)...(1 or 2). (n 1)(n 3)...(1 or 2) 1
n (1 a 2 x 2 )
= (m n)(m n 2)...(1 or 2) Q.
0 x2 (1 x 2 )
d x (a2 < 1)
2
4 6
Q. Evaluate
0
x . sin x . cos x dx
1
Q. Evaluate x 6 (1 x 2 ) dx sin x
0
Q. If dx then
0 x
1
70
(1 x)30 dx . Find 100C I. Match the Column-I with Column-II
Q. I= x
0
30
Column-I Column-II
sin 5x
6 15 8
(A) dx (P) 2
Q. I= x x dx , Find 15 ? x
0 C9 I 0
is a parameter.
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