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Tutorial 18A: Photoelectric Effect Photoelectric Effect

This document contains a tutorial on the photoelectric effect with 10 self-review questions. It begins by defining typical wavelengths for yellow light and X-rays. It then discusses that the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons depends on the frequency of incident radiation, not the intensity. Finally, it explains that photoelectrons can require varying amounts of energy to liberate from the metal, depending on how tightly bound they are.

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Agus Leonardi
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57 views2 pages

Tutorial 18A: Photoelectric Effect Photoelectric Effect

This document contains a tutorial on the photoelectric effect with 10 self-review questions. It begins by defining typical wavelengths for yellow light and X-rays. It then discusses that the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons depends on the frequency of incident radiation, not the intensity. Finally, it explains that photoelectrons can require varying amounts of energy to liberate from the metal, depending on how tightly bound they are.

Uploaded by

Agus Leonardi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hwa Chong Institution (College Section)

H2 Physics: Quantum Physics Tutorial

Tutorial 18A : Photoelectric Effect

Photoelectric Effect
Self-Review Questions
S1 1,3,2
Typical wavelengths for Yellow light ~580 nm
X-ray ~1 nm (0.1 nm – 10 nm)

S2 More correctly, the question should refer to a gamma ray PHOTON.

Use E = hc/, 1MeV = 1.60 x 10-13 J [2.48 x 10-13 m]


S3 (a) Stopping potential is the potential applied to stop even the most energetic
photoelectrons from reaching the collector.

(b) eV1, h(f1 – fo)

S4 P = n(hc/) / t
 n/t = P/ hc

S5 Maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons (for same incident radiation frequency) does not
depend on the illumination intensity.
Illumination intensity on affects the rate of photoelectric emission and hence the
photocurrent.

Ek

Intensity of incident radiation

S6 Ans : A
Refer S4. Rate of photons incident, n/t = P/hc = (Intensity)(Area)/hc
Rate of photoelectric emission, nPE/t  rate of photons incident, n/t

A Correct answer
B Freq doubled  KEmax, stopping potential increased (but NOT doubled).
n/t will change if P kept constant but f (hence ) changed.
C Wavelength doubled  KEmax, stopping potential decreased (but NOT halved).
n/t will change if P kept constant when  changed.
D At higher temperatures, the work function,  may be lower.
But this only affects Vs, KEmax, and not photocurrent
E   KEmax, Vs,  but photoelectric emission rate unaffected.

S7 Ans : B
Same reasoning as S6.

S8  = hf - eVs
= 3.5 x 10-19 – (0.25)(1.60 x 10-19)
= 3.1 x 10-19J

trendyline
Hwa Chong Institution (College Section)
H2 Physics: Quantum Physics Tutorial

S9 Please visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation to find out more


about AM (Amplitude Modulation).

Typical AM radio frequency is say 500 kHz.


Then energy of radio photon = hf = (6.63 x 10-34)(500 x 103)/1.60 x 10-19)
= 2.07 x 10-9 eV
which is much less than the work function.
Thus no photoelectron will be emitted.

Modern radio broadcast are done in FM (Frequency Modulation).


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation

S10 Einstein’s photoelectric equation :


hf =  + KEmax deals with the LEAST TIGHTLY BOUND of the conduction electrons.
These conduction electrons are delocalized but still bound within the metal to different
degrees, requiring different amounts of energy to liberate.

In GENERAL, for a photoelectron


KE = hf - W

Where W is the energy required to liberate that electron. W  .


(This W involves overcoming the attractive potential of the lattice ions while the electron is still within
the metal)
Hence even for the same photon energy, hf, the KE of the photoelectrons will also take on
a range of values.

Least tightly
bound electrons

More tightly
bound electrons

*At this point in time it may be difficult to understand how come the conduction electrons possesses a range of
energies and require different energies to liberate. More will be revealed when you learn about the Band Theory
of Solids in Semiconductors and Lasers.

trendyline

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