DSE CHEM MASTERY

MOLE 數地獄題庫
100 條題目操爆你！

1
 Table of Content

Reacting Masses ................................................................................. 4

1.1 Mole, Avogadro Constant & Molar Mass .............................................................................4
1.2 Chemical Equations & Reacting Masses ........................................................................... 24
1.3 Limiting Reagent & Excess Reagent .................................................................................. 32
1.4 Percentage Yield .................................................................................................................... 38
1.5 Chemical Formulae of Compounds .................................................................................... 40
Determination of Molecular Formulae .............................................................................................................. 44
1.6 Basic Calculation .................................................................................................................... 51
1.7 Advanced Calculation ............................................................................................................ 56
1.8 Other Question Type ............................................................................................................. 59

pH Calculation .................................................................................. 71

Titration.............................................................................................. 74
3.1 Direct Titration ........................................................................................................................ 74
3.2 Back Titration .......................................................................................................................... 80

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3
 REACTING MASSES

1.1 Mole, Avogadro Constant & Molar Mass

Question 1

Given that a beaker contains 1.204 x 1024 potassium atoms. How many moles of potassium atoms are there in the
beaker?

4
Question 2

How many molecules and atoms are there in 2.50 moles of carbon dioxide molecules?

5
Question 3

How many ions are there in 4.50 moles of aluminium sulphate?

6
Question 4

Calculate the mass of one molecule of ethanol (CH3CH2OH). (Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

7
Question 5

Calculate the number of chloride ion present in 10.8 g of solid calcium chloride.

(Relative atomic masses: Cl = 35.5, Ca = 40.1)

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Question 6

Calculate the number of zinc ions and nitrate ions present in 127.0 g of zinc nitrate respectively.

(Relative atomic masses: N = 14.0; O = 16.0; Zn = 65.4)

9
Question 7

Calculate the mass of 88 ethanoic acid molecules. (Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0)

10
Question 8

Calculate the mass of aluminium hydrogencarbonate which contains 2.408 x 1024 ions.

(Relative atomic masses: Al = 27.0; H = 1.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0)

11
Question 9

Calculate the number of ions present in 26.0 g of calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2.

(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, P = 31.0, Ca = 40.1)

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Question 10

If the mass of one H2O molecule is a, what is the mass of one H2O2 molecule in terms of a?

13
Question 11

If there are n molecules in 56 g of nitrogen, how many molecules are there in 23 g of nitrogen dioxide?

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Question 12

If 8.9 g of carbon monoxide gas contains n molecules. how many molecules does 63.57 g of sulphur trioxide gas
contain?

(Relative atomic masses: C=12.0, O=16.0, S=32.0)

A. 3n
B. 2.5n
C. 1.2n
D. 7n

Question 13

Refer to the set-up for electroplating an object shown in the diagram below.

It is known that 2.28 x 1022 electrons have passed through the external circuit during the electroplating process.
Calculate the mass of copper that would theoretically be plated on the object.

(Relative atomic mass: Cu = 63.5; Avogadro's constant = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1)

(2 marks)

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Question 14

Sodium chloride crystal has a giant ionic structure. From an experiment, it was found that there are 4 Na+ ions and
4 Cl- ions in a cube of sodium chloride crystal of volume 1.80 x 10-22 cm3.

a) Express the total mass of 4 Na+ ions and 4 Cl- ions in terms of the Avogadro's constant L.

(Relative atomic masses: Na = 23.0, Cl = 35.5)

b) Hence, calculate the Avogadro's constant L, given that 1.00 cm of sodium chloride crystal weighs 2.17 g.

16
Question 15

Calculate is the percentage by mass of nitrogen in ammonium nitrate.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14.0, O = 16.0)

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Question 16

Calculate the percentage by mass of chloride in hydrated magnesium chloride (MgCl2．6H2O).

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Mg = 24.3, Cl = 35.5)

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Question 17

A metal oxide M2O3 contains 69.9% by mass of metal M. Find the relative atomic mass of M.


(Relative atomic mass: O = 16.0)

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Question 18

What is the mass of water present in the sample of sodium carbonate-10-water (Na2CO3．10H2O) which contains
78.2 g of sodium?


(Relative atomic masses: Na = 23.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0; H = 1.0)

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Question 19

1.554 g of CuxO is heated in the presence of CO to give 1.242 g of Cu. Calculate the number of x.

(Relative atomic masses: Cu = 63.5, O = 16)

21
Question 20

Hydrated salt X．nH2O contains 55.38 % of water by mass. Given that the molar mass of X is 58.0 g What is the
value of n? (Relative atomic masses: O=16.0, H=1.0)

A. 1
B. 3
C. 4
D. 7

Question 21

What is the mass of oxygen in 30.0 g of CuSO4 • 5H2O(s)?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O =16.0, S = 32.1, Cu = 63.5)

A. 5.8 g
B. 9.4 g
C. 17.3 g
D. 28.7 g

Question 22

Which of the following fertilizers contains the largest percentage by mass of nitrogen?

(Relative atomic mass: H = 1.0, N = 14.0, O = 16.0, Na = 23.0, S = 32.0, Cl = 35.5, K = 39.0)

A. ammonium chloride
B. ammonium sulphate
C. potassium nitrate
D. sodium nitrate

Question 23

The compound X! S contains 58.9% of X by mass. What is the relative atomic mass of X?

(Relative atomic mass: S = 32.1)

A. 11.5
B. 23.0
C. 39.0
D. 46.0

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Question 24

An oxide of element X has the formula X! O" . 10.2 g of this oxide contains 5.4 g of X. What is the relative atomic
mass of X?

(Relative atomic mass: O = 16.0)

A. 12.0
B. 18.0
C. 27.0
D. 36.0

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1.2 Chemical Equations & Reacting Masses

Question 25

Consider the following reaction: 2Al(s) + Fe! O" (s) → Al! O" (s) + 2Fe(s). Calculate the mass of Al required to react
with 100.0 g of Fe2O3. (Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Al = 27.0, Fe = 55.8)

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Question 26

Potassium reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen. Calculate the mass of hydrogen formed
when 12.69 g of potassium reacts completely with water. (Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0; O = 16.0; K = 39.1)

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Question 27

Given that 31.8 g of copper(II) oxide reacts completely with hydrogen.

(Relative atomic masses: Cu = 63.5; O = 16.0)

a) Write down the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.


b) Calculate the mole of copper(II) oxide.

c) Calculate the mass of copper produced.

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Question 28

Ammonia reacts with copper (II) oxide according to the following equation:

2NH" (g) + 3CuO(s) → N! (g) + 3H! O(l) + 3Cu(s)

Calculate the mass of ammonia required to produce 208 g of copper in the reaction.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14.0, Cu = 63.5)

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Question 29

Ammonium dichromate decomposes on heating to give chromium(III) oxide, nitrogen and water. What is the mass
of water produced when 39 g of (NH# )! Cr! O$ undergoes complete decomposition?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14.0, O = 16.0, Cr = 52.0)

28
Question 30

An oxide of A (AO) reacts completely with carbon to give 18.6 g of metal A and 6.44 g of carbon dioxide.

a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between the oxide of A and carbon.

b) What is the relative atomic mass of A?

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Question 31

Sodium azide (NaN3) is used in airbags in cars. When there is a serious collision, the azide will decompose to give
nitrogen gas within a short amount of time to fill in the airbag rapidly. The decomposition can be represented by
the equation:
2NaN" (s) → 2Na(s) + 3N! (g)

What is the mass of nitrogen produced when 4.90 g of sodium azide decompose?

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Question 32

What mass of copper is obtained when 0.40 mol of copper (II) oxide are completely reduced by carbon?

(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Cu = 63.5)

A. 12.7 g
B. 15.9 g
C. 25.4 g
D. 31.8 g

Question 33

The formula for hydrated iron (II) sulphate is FeSO# ⋅ xH! O. On strong heating, 20.1 g of the sulphate produces 9.1
g of water. What is the value of x?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, S = 32.1, Fe = 56.0)

A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8

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1.3 Limiting Reagent & Excess Reagent

Question 34

When 15 g of carbon dioxide was pumped into a solution containing 90 g of calcium hydroxide, insoluble calcium
carbonate was formed. Calculate the theoretical mass of calcium carbonate that can be obtained.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0, Ca = 40.1)

32
Question 35

When 6.32 g of lithium were heated with 7.88 g of nitrogen, solid lithium nitride was formed. Calculate the
theoretical mass of lithium nitride formed. (Relative atomic masses: Li = 6.9, N = 14.0)

“Nitride” means “N”.

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Question 36

Titanium can be extracted by the reacting titanium(IV) chloride with molten magnesium. If 6.32 x 106 g of
magnesium were allowed to react with 2.33 x 107 g of titanium(IV) chloride, how much titanium would be formed?
(Relative atomic masses: Mg = 24.3, Cl = 35.5, Ti = 47.9)

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Question 37

76.2 g of zinc was heated with 23.1 g of oxygen in a vessel. Calculate the mass of the product that can be produced.

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Question 38

When 24 g of iron was added to 90 g of concentrated sulphuric acid, iron(III) sulphate and water will be produced.
What is the theoretical mass of iron(III) sulphate and water that can be produced?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, S = 32.1, Fe = 55.8)

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Question 39

Refer the following chemical reaction

C(s, graphite) + O2 (g) à CO2(g)

p moles of C are allowed to react with q moles of O2 under suitable conditions until the reaction stops. (p>q) How
many moles of CO2 are formed?

A. q
B. p-q
C. p
D. p+q

Question 40

Refer to the following chemical equation:

Fe! O" (s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO! (g)

2 N moles of Fe2O3 are allowed to react with 3 N moles of CO under suitable conditions until the reaction stops.
How many moles of Fe are formed?

A. N
B. 2N
!
C. N
"
#
D. "
N

Question 41

Refer the following chemical reaction

Ca(s) + 2H2O (l) à Ca(OH)2(aq)+ H2(g)

0.4 moles of Ca are allowed to react with 2 moles of H2O under suitable conditions until the reaction stops. How
many moles of H2 are formed?

A. 0.4
B. 2.0
C. 0.8
D. 3.4

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1.4 Percentage Yield

Question 42

Given that 40 g of Mg react with 32 g of O2 to produce 41 g of MgO. What is the percentage yield of the reaction?

(Relative atomic masses: Mg = 24.3, O = 16.0)

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Question 43

TC heated 25 g of PbO with 1 g of carbon in the presence of excess oxygen. This experiment produces 5 g of Pb
at the end. Calculate the percentage yield of the reaction.

(Relative atomic masses: C = 12.0, O = 16.0, Pb = 207.0)

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1.5 Chemical Formulae of Compounds

Question 44

Based on the experimental results below, what is the empirical formula of the oxide of zinc?

Item Mass (g)

crucible + lid 31.34

crucible + lid + zinc 37.87

crucible + lid + oxide of zinc 39.47

(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0; Zn = 65.3)

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Question 45

Given that compound Y contains 39.1% sulphur, 58.5% oxygen and 2.4% hydrogen by mass. What is the empirical
formula of Y? (Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0; O = 16.0; S = 32.1)

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Question 46

Titanium (Ti) is a metal. 2.66 g of a sample of titanium powder is heated in excess oxygen until the metal is
completely oxidised. The mass of the oxide formed is 4.44 g. Which of the following is the empirical formula of the
oxide formed?

(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Ti = 47.9)

A. TiO
B. Ti2O3
C. Ti3O4
D. TiO2

Question 47

39.2 g of an oxide of rubidium (Rb) contains 28.5 g of rubidium. What is the empirical formula of this oxide?

(Relative atomic masses : O = 16.0, Rb = 85.5)

A. RbO
B. RbO2
C. Rb2O
D. Rb2O2

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Question 48

Lead (Pb) is an element in Group IV of the Periodic Table.

a) An oxide of lead, X, contains 90.6% of lead by mass. Calculate the empirical formula of X.

b) X is known to be a mixed oxide composed of 𝑃𝑏𝑂 and 𝑃𝑏𝑂! . Based on your answer in (a), deduce the mole
ratio of 𝑃𝑏𝑂 to 𝑃𝑏𝑂! in X.

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Determination of Molecular Formulae

Question 49

It is known that compound Y containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Upon completed combustion, 7.30 g
of compound Y gave 11.87 g of carbon dioxide and 4.04 g of water. What is the empirical formula of Y? If its relative
molecular mass is 486, what is the molecular formula of Y?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

44
Question 50

It is known that compound Y containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Upon complete combustion, 2.03 g of
the Y gave 3.30 g of carbon dioxide and 1.13 g of water. What is the empirical formula of the Y? If the relative
molecular mass of Y is 324.0, find its molecular formula.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

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Question 51

Epsom salts are hydrated salts of magnesium sulphate with formula MgSO4．nH2O, which can be used as bath salts
to relieve pains and aches. It was found that it contained 57.37% by mass of water of crystallization. Find the value
of n. (Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Mg = 24.3, S = 32.1)

46
Question 52

It is known that when chlorine reacts with sulphur, a compound that contains 69.0% of chlorine by mass, with
relative molecular mass of 103 will be formed.

a) What is the molecular formula of the compound? (Relative atomic masses: S = 32.1, Cl = 35.5)

b) Draw the electronic diagram of the compound, showing outermost shells electrons only.

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Question 53

In a sulphide of metal Na, the mass percentage of Na is 58.97%. What is the empirical formula of this sulphide?

(Relative Atomic masses: Na = 23.0, S = 32.1)

A. NaS
B. Na2S
C. Na3S
D. Na2S2

Question 54

5.46 g of oxide of Caesium (Cs) contains 4.4 g Caesium. What is the empirical formula of this oxide? (Relative atomic
masses: Cs=132.9, O=16.0)

A. CsO
B. CsO2
C. Cs2O
D. Cs2O2

Question 55

In a fluoride of beryllium (Be), the mass percentage of F is 80.85%. What is the empirical formula of this fluoride?

(Relative atomic masses: F=19.0, Be=9.0)

A. BeF3
B. Be2F
C. BeF2
D. BeF

Question 56

Barium (Ba) is a metal. 65.47 g of a sample of barium powder is heated in nitrogen gas until the metal is completely
oxidised. The mass of the nitride formed is 69.92 g. Which of the following is the empirical formula of the nitride
formed?

(Relative Atomic masses: Ba = 137.3, N =14.0)

A. BaN
B. BaN2
C. Ba2N
D. Ba3N2

Question 57

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Iron is a commonly used construction material.

a) Suggest why iron was used earlier than aluminium in history.

(1 mark)

b) A compound contains iron and oxygen only. In the experiment for determining, the empirical formula of this
compound 7.28g of the compound was heated with carbon monoxide. Upon complete reaction, carbon
dioxide and 4.55g of iron were formed.

i) Calculate the empirical formula of this compound

ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved in the experiment,

iii) As carbon monoxide is poisonous, suggest one necessary safety precaution carrying out the
experiment.

(4 marks)

49
Question 58

Compound W contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. The relative molecular mass of W is 88.0. Complete
combustion of 1.32 g of W gives 2.64 g of carbon dioxide and 1.08 g of water. Deduce the molecular formula of
W.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

(3 marks)

50
1.6 Basic Calculation

Question 59

What is the mass of silver nitrate in 100 cm³ of 1.20 M silver nitrate solution?

(R.A.M. : N = 14.0, O = 16.0, Ag = 107.9)

51
Question 60

Given that a 2.3 M of KOH solution is prepared by dissolving 3.85 g of KOH in water. Calculate the volume of the
solution formed. (R.A.M.: K = 39.1; O = 16.0; H = 1.0)

52
Question 61

To prepare 100.0 cm³ of 1.5 M sodium chloride solution, what is the mass of sodium chloride required?

(Relative atomic masses: Na = 23.0; Cl = 35.5)

53
Question 62

What is the molarity of a 50.0 cm³ solution of magnesium nitrate containing 5.0 x 10-3 moles of NO3⁻(aq) ions?

54
Question 63

200 cm³ of calcium hydroxide solution contains 22.2 g of calcium hydroxide. What is the molarity of the solution?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Ca = 40.1)

A. 0.50 M
B. 1.00 M
C. 1.50 M
D. 2.00 M

Question 64

What is the number of moles of SO42- ions in 100 cm³ of 0.5 M Fe2(SO4)3 solution?

A. 2 x 0.1 x 0.5
B. 3 x 0.1 x 0.5
C. 2 x 0.1 x 0.5 x 6.02 x 1023
D. 3 x 0.1 x 0.5 x 6.02 x 1023

Question 65

20 cm³ of zinc chloride solution contains 0.01 moles of Cl⁻(aq) ions. What is the molarity of the solution?

A. 0.025 M
B. 0.05 M
C. 0.25 M
D. 0.5 M

Question 66

50.0 cm3 of 0.6 M FeSO4(aq) is mixed with 150.0 cm3 of 0.2 M Fe2(SO4)3(aq). What is the concentration of SO42-
(aq) ions in the resulting mixture?

A. 0.3 M
B. 0.4 M
C. 0.6 M
D. 0.8 M

55
1.7 Advanced Calculation

Question 67

A sample of 0.75 dm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid has a density of 1.68 g cm-3 If the sample contains 78.0% of
sulphuric acid, calculate the molarity of the acid.

(Relative atomic masses: S = 32.0; H = 1.0; O = 16.0)

56
Question 68

A storage tank contains 100.0 dm3 of concentrated nitric acid. If the density of the acid is 1.32 g cm-3 and the
percentage by mass of HNO3 in the acid is 25.0%, calculate the molarity of the acid.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14.0; O = 16.0)

57
Question 69

A sample of concentrated sulphuric acid has a density of 1.83 g cm³ and contains 98.0% of sulphuric acid by mass.
What is the concentration (correct to one decimal place) of sulphuric acid in the sample?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, S = 32.1)

Still remember the formula of density?

A. 17.8 M
B. 18.3 M
C. 18.8 M
D. 19.3 M

Question 70

Calcium phosphate is insoluble in water. What is the theoretical number of moles of calcium phosphate obtained
when 100.0 cm3 of 0.30 mol dm-3 CaCl2(aq) is mixed with 300.0 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm3 Na3PO4(aq)?

(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Na = 23.0, P = 31.0, Cl = 35.5, Ca = 40.1)

A. 0.010
B. 0.015
C. 0.020
D. 0.030

58
1.8 Other Question Type

Question 71

What volume of water has to be added to dilute 250.0 cm³ of 0.200 M nitric acid to 0.0100 M?

59
Question 72

What volume of water has to be added to dilute 100.0 cm³ of 2.0 M copper(II) sulphate solution to 0.1 M?

60
Question 73

Calculate the volume of 2.00 M sodium hydroxide solution needed to prepare 200.0 cm³ of 0.25 M sodium
hydroxide solution by dilution.

Question 74

What volume of water is required to dilute 100 𝑐𝑚" of 8 M hydrochloric acid to a concentration of 2 M?

A. 200 𝑐𝑚"
B. 300 𝑐𝑚"
C. 400 𝑐𝑚"
D. 700 𝑐𝑚"

61
Question 75

30.0 cm³ of 1.0 M KCl (aq) is mixed with 15.0 cm³ of 2.0 M K2CO3 (aq). What is the concentration of K+(aq) ions in
the resulting solution?

62
Question 76

What is the concentration of Na⁺(aq) ions in the solution formed by mixing 50.0 cm³ of 0.75 M Na2CO3(aq) and
100.0 cm of 0.5 M Na2SO4 (aq)?

63
Question 77

In a solution containing sodium nitrate and sodium sulphate, the concentrations of sodium ions and nitrate ions are
1.0 M and 0.4 M respectively. Calculate the concentration of sulphate ions.

A. 0.10 M
B. 0.20 M
C. 0.30 M
D. 0.40 M

Question 78

Solution Z is prepared by mixing 100.0 cm³ of 2.0 M K2SO4(aq) with 50.0 cm³ of 1.0 M KNO3(aq). What is the
concentration of K+(aq) ions in Z?

A. 1.5 M
B. 1.7 M
C. 3.0 M
D. 3.3 M

Question 79

450.0 cm3 of 1.50 M potassium hydroxide solution is mixed with 150.0 cm3 of 0.50 M potassium hydroxide solution.
What is the concentration of the resultant solution?

A. 0.3 M
B. 0.33 M
C. 0.375 M
D. 1.25 M

Question 80

33 g of calcium carbonate are allowed to react with 100 cm3 of 1.5 M hydrochloric acid until no further reaction
occurs. Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate left behind. (Relative atomic masses: C = 12.0, 0 = 16.0, Ca = 40.0)

A. 25 g
B. 25.5 g
C. 25.6 g
D. 25.7 g

64
Question 81

50.00 cm3 of a solution of a dibasic acid required 60.00 cm3 of 0.10 M potassium hydroxide for complete
neutralization. Calculate the molarity of the acid.

A. 0.03 M
B. 0.06 M
C. 0.12 M
D. 0.24 M

65
Question 82

Malachite is a mineral containing copper(II) carbonate and copper(II) hydroxide which is insoluble in water. The
procedure for preparing copper(II) sulphate crystals from malachite is as follows:

Step 1 Pour 100 cm³ of 1 M sulphuric acid in a beaker and then warm the acid.

Add small portions of powdered malachite to the warm acid while constantly stirring, until
Step 2 effervescence stops and some powdered malachite remains in the beaker.

Step 3 Remove the remaining powdered malachite from the solution.

Step 4 Evaporate the solution slowly to obtain copper (II) sulphate crystals.

a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction which causes the effervescence.

(1 mark)

b) Why it is necessary to add powdered malachite until some of it remains in the beaker?

(1 mark)

c) Calculate the theoretical mass of copper(II) sulphate crystals, CuSO4‧5H2O, that can be obtained.

(2 marks)

d) It is given that the mass of copper(II) sulphate crystals obtained is 20.86 g. Calculate the percentage yield.

(1 mark)

Question 83

66
19.41 g metal Z, which is a Group (II) metal, was added to 50 g ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) and all metal Z dissolved.
When the reaction was completed, the resultant solution was back titrated with 1.2 M of potassium hydroxide
solution. The titration was conducted 4 times using a suitable indicator. The volume of the titrant required for
complete neutralization in each titration is 180 cm³, 199 cm³, 200 cm³ and 201 cm³ respectively.

a) State ONE application of ethanoic acid in our daily life.

b) Suggest a suitable indicator for the titration state the colour change at the end point

c) For the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium hydroxide solution,

d) Write the chemical equation involved

e) Calculate the mass of ethanoic acid reacted with potassium hydroxide

f) Deduce what metal Z is.

67
Question 84

The basicity of a solid organic acid with molar mass 122 g mol-1 was determined through the following experiment.

#1 18.0 g of the solid acid was dissolved in 270.0 cm³ of 1.0 M sodium hydroxide solution.

#2 The resultant solution was added into excess zinc nitrate solution and 6.08 g of white precipitate was
obtained.

(Relative atomic masses: Zn = 65.4, O = 16.0, H = 1.0)

a) Calculate the basicity of the acid

b) Given that the percentages by mass of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the acid are 68.9%, 4.9% and 26.2%
respectively, determine the molecular formula.

68
Question 85

Sulphamic acid is an acid that can be found in cleaning powder, which can be used to remove lime scale (which is
mainly calcium carbonate) and rust.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14.0, O = 16.0, S = 32.1)

a) Sulphamic acid contains 3.13% hydrogen, 14.42% nitrogen, 33.58% sulphur and 48.87% oxygen by mass.
Calculate the empirical formula of sulphamic acid.

b) If the relative molecular mass of sulphamic acid is 97.1, determine its molecular formula.

69
c) Explain why the cleaning powder needs to be dissolved in water before use.

d) A housewife dissolves 12.5 g of the powder in 400 cm³ of water for use. If the powder contains 23.6% by
mass of sulphamic acid, calculate the molarity of the solution prepared.

70
 PH CALCULATION

Question 86

Given that acid X is a strong tribasic acid and the pH of a sample of acid X is 3.5. What is the pH of the resulting
mixture when 50 cm³ of this sample is mixed with 50 cm³ of water?

71
Question 87

What is the pH value of the solution when 25.0 cm³ of 0.1 M sulphuric acid is diluted to 250.0 cm³? (Assume that
the acid ionizes completely in water)

72
Question 88

Consider the four solutions W, X, Y, and Z listed below:

W 2.00 mol dm-3 HNO3 (aq)

X 0.20 mol dm-3 LiOH (aq)

Y 0.30 mol dm-3 LiOH (aq)

Z 3.00 mol dm-3 HNO3 (aq)

Which of the following represents the four solutions arranged in increasing order of pH?

A. W, X, Y, Z
B. W, X, Z, Y
C. Z, W, Y, X
D. Z, W, X, Y

Question 89

Which of the following gases, after dissolved in 1 dm3 of water, would give a solution with the highest pH?

A. 0.052 mol of NH3

B. 0.052 mol of H2S
C. 0.052 mol of SO2
D. 0.052 mol of H2

Question 90

The pH of a sample of sulphuric acid is 2.2. 100 cm3 of this sample is mixed with 100 cm3 of water. What is the pH
of the resulting mixture?

A. 2.6
B. 2.5
C. 1.3
D. 2.0

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 TITRATION

3.1 Direct Titration

Question 91

23.34 g of pure sulphuric acid H2SO4 is dissolved in 250.0 cm³ of distilled water. 25.0 cm³ of this solution is titrated
against 0.250 M of KOH solution. Calculate the volume of KOH solution required for complete neutralization.

(Relative atomic masses: S = 32.0; O = 16.0; H = 1.0)

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Question 92

8.88 g of a solid dibasic acid (H2X) was dissolved in distilled water and made up to 250.0 cm³ of solution. 25.0 cm³
of the solution required 12.33 cm³ of 0.75 M sodium hydroxide solution for complete neutralization. Determine
the molar mass of the acid.

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Question 93

In an experiment, 1.577 g of a sample of washing soda (Na2CO3.xH2O) was dissolved in some distilled water. The
solution was titrated against 0.335 M nitric acid with methyl orange as indicator. 33.0 cm³ of the acid was required
for the completion of the reaction.

a) What is the chemical equation for the reaction involved.

(1 mark)

b) From the titration result, calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate in the sample of washing soda.

(2 marks)

c) Deduce the value of x in the formula of the washing soda.

(2 marks)

d) What is the colour change at the end-point of the titration?

(1 mark)

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Question 94

Solid acid X has a relative molecular mass of 192.0. A sample of 1.60 g of X is dissolved in water to form a solution
which requires 25.0 cm3 of 1.00 M potassium hydroxide solution for complete neutralization. What is the basicity
of X?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Question 95

After 100 cm3 of 0.6 M H2SO4 have completely neutralized 100 cm3 of 1.2 M KOH, calculate the concentration of
the resulting potassium sulphate solution.

A. 0.2 M
B. 0.3 M
C. 0.6 M
D. 1.2 M

Question 96

Solution X is 90 cm3 of 0.60 M HCI and solution Y is 120 cm3 of 0.45 M CH3COOH. Which of the following
statements concerning X and Y is correct?

A. X has a higher pH value than Y.

B. Y has a faster rate of reaction with marble chips than X.
C. Both X and Y need the same volume of 1 M NaOH for neutralization.
D. Both X and Y have the same electrical conductivity.

Question 97

3.10 g of a hydrated sodium carbonate, Na2CO3-nH2O, react completely with 25 cm3 of 2 M hydrochloric acid.
What Is the value of n? (R.A.M.: H = 1.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0; Na = 23.0)

A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 10

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Question 98

4.27 g of a hydrated dibasic acid, H2A.xH2O are dissolved in distilled water, and the solution is then made up to
500 cm3 in a volumetric flask. 50 cm3 portions of the acid solution are titrated against 0.30 M potassium hydroxide
solution, using a suitable indicator, until the solution Is completely neutralized. The results are tabulated below:

Experiment 4
1 2 3
Volume of 0.1 M KOH

Final burette reading (cm3) 23.5 46.33 23.9 46.6

Initial burette reading (cm3) 0.0 23.5 1.2 23.9

a) Name the apparatus that is suitable for the withdrawal of 25.0 cm3 portions of the acid solution.

(1 mark)

b) Write an ionic equation for the above reaction.

(1 mark)

c) Calculate a reasonable average for the volume of 0.10 M sodium hydroxide solution required to neutralize
25.0 cm3 of the acid solution.

(1 mark)

d) Determine the molarity of the acid solution.

(2 marks)

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e) Calculate the value of x in H2A.xH2O. (Relative molecular mass of H2A = 90.0)

(2 marks)

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3.2 Back Titration

Question 99

A fertilizer only contains ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) and potassium oxide (K2O). An experiment was
performed to determine the percentage by mass of (NH4)2SO4 in this fertilizer. The set-up used is shown below:

The KOH (aq) was added slowly to the fertilizer and the mixture formed was heated gently. The ammonia liberated
from the reaction between (NH4)2SO4 and KOH was first cooled in a condenser, and then passed through an
inverted funnel to a solution containing 0.0827 mol of HCl. The solution was finally made up to 200.00 cm3 and
labelled ‘S’.

a) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between (NH4)2SO4 and KOH.

(1 mark)

b) Suggest the potential hazard of using HCl.

(1 mark)

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c) Write ONE of the assumptions made in the experiment.

(1 mark)

d) 50.00 cm3 'S' was transferred to a conical flask, and then titrated with 0.200 M NaOH (aq) using
phenolphthalein as an indicator. 82.00 cm3 of the NaOH (aq) was required to reach the endpoint.

i) Name the apparatus that should be used to transfer 50.00 cm3 of S.

ii) State the colour change at the endpoint of the titration.

iii) Calculate the percentage by mass of (NH4)2SO4 in this fertilizer. (Molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 is 132g/mol)

(5 marks)

e) Suggest a test to show the presence of a potassium-containing compound in the fertilizer.

(1 mark)

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Question 100

An experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of a magnesium sulphate solution. The experiment
consisted of the following three stages:

50.0 cm³ of 0.503 M aqueous ammonia was added to 50.0 cm³ of the magnesium sulphate
Stage 1
solution to precipitate out magnesium hydroxide.

The mixture obtained in Stage 1 was filtered and the residue was washed thoroughly with distilled
Stage 2
water.

The excess alkali in the filtrate was titrated against 0.251 M hydrochloric acid with methyl orange
Stage 3
as indicator. 37.0 cm³ of the acid was required to reach the end-point.

a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in Stage 1.

(1 mark)

b) State the colour change at the end-point of the titration I Stage 3.

(1 mark)

c) Based on the titration result in Stage 3,

i) Calculate the number of moles of hydroxide ions present in the filtrate.

ii) Calculate the number of moles of aqueous ammonia that was added in Stage 1.

(2 marks)

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d) Using your results in (i) and (ii) above, calculate the molarity of the magnesium sulphate solution.

(1 mark)

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