Board Important Questions

Question-1 Choose the correct alternative (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) for each of the questions given below:

(a) An electric dipole consisting of two equal and opposite charges each of 2 x 10-6 C
separated by 1 cm distance kept at the centre of cube box as shown (each side of cube is 2
cm apart). The net electric flux eliminating from one surface of the cube box is:

(i) 2 x 10-6 C/Ɛ0 (ii) 4 x 10-6 C/Ɛ0 (iii) zero (iv) 1 x 10-6 C/Ɛ0
(b) If R1 and R2 are filament resistances of a 25 W bulb and a 100 W bulb respectively,
connected in series, then:
(i) R1 = R2 (ii) R1 = 4R2 (iii) 4R1 = R2 (iv) 2R1 = R2
(c) If we double the number of turns of a solenoid, then its inductance(L) will:
(i) Double (ii) halved (iii) 4th times (iv) 1/4th times.
(d) The path of a charged particle in perpendicular magnetic field is:
(i) Straight (ii) parabolic (iii) circular (iv) helical
(e) If the length of a conductor is doubled, then drift velocity of the electrons will be:
(i) Doubled (ii) halved (iii) 4th times (iv) 1/4th
times.
(f) Threshold wavelength for a metal having work function ‘W’ is ‘l’, the threshold
wavelength for the metal with work function ‘4W’ is:
(i) l (ii) l/4 (iii) 4l (iv) l/2
(g) If L3 and L2 represents angular momentum of an orbiting electron in 3rd and 2nd Bohr’s
orbits respectively, then L2 : L3 is:
(i) 3 : 2 (ii) 9 : 4 (iii) 2 : 3 (iv) 4 : 9

(h) In an electric dipole, the locus of zero potential is: -

(a) at axial position (b) at equatorial position (c) at both axial and equatorial positions (d) at any point

(i) The variation in capacitive reactance (Xc) versus frequency (f) is: -

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
(j) If the temperature of the conductor increases, then its electrical resistivity will: -

(a) remain constant (b) increases (c) decreases (d) None of these

(k) The path of a charged particle in perpendicular uniform magnetic field is: -

(a) straight line (b) circular (c) parabolic (d) None of these

(l) Microscopic form of Ohm’s law is:

a) V = IR
b) J=E/s
c) J=rE
d) J=sE

(m) A circular coil carrying a current ‘I’ has radius ‘R’ and number of turns ‘N’. If all the three are doubled,
then, the magnetic field at its centre becomes:
a) Double
b) Half
c) Four times
d) One fourth

(n) An objective kept on the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm, at a
distance of 15 cm from its pole. The image formed by the mirror is:
a) Virtual and magnified
b) Virtual and diminished
c) Real and magnified
d) Real and diminished
(o) Two thin lenses having optical powers of -8 D and +12 D are placed in contact with each
other. The focal length of this combination is:
a) + 0.25 m
b) - 0.25 m
c) + 0.25 cm
d) - 0.25 cm
(p) Einstein's photoelectric equation is:
a) 𝐸!"# = ℎ𝜆 − 𝜙$
%&
b) 𝐸!"# = ' + 𝜙$
c) 𝐸!"# = ℎ𝑣 + 𝜙$
%&
d) 𝐸!"# = ' − 𝜙$

(q) In Bohr's model of hydrogen atom, radius of the first orbit of an electron is r0. Then radius
of the third orbit is:
(!
a) )
 b) 𝑟$
c) 3𝑟$
d) 9𝑟$

(r) ‘p’ type semiconductor is that which has

a) electrons as majority carriers.
b) holes as majority carriers.
c) holes and free electrons equal in number.
d) pentavalent element as an impurity.

Question.2 Answers of the following questions briefly:

(i) In an electric dipole, what is the locus of zero potential?

(ii) Write Coulomb’s law in vector form?
(iii) What is phase angle between the voltage across inductor and voltage across capacitor in
L-C-R series circuit connected to A.C. main?
(iv) What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?
(v) The maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron is 5 eV. What is the stopping potential
for this photoelectron?
(vi) Name the material used to make control rods in nuclear reactor.
(vii) Binding energy per nucleon for helium nucleus [ 2He4 ] is 7.0 MeV. Find the binding
energy for helium nucleus.

(viii) In a potentiometer experiment, balancing length is found to be 120 cm for a cell

E1 of emf 2V. What will be the balancing length for another cell E2 of emf 1.5V (No
other changes are made in the experiment.)
(ix) How will you convert a moving coil galvanometer into a voltmeter?
(x) A moving charged particle q travelling along the positive x-axis enters a uniform
magnetic field B. When will the force acting on q be maximum?
(xi) Why is the core of a transformer laminated?
(xii) Define coherent sources of light.
(xiii) Name a material which is used in making control rods in a nuclear reactor.
(xiv) In the semiconductors, what is meant by ‘doping’?
(xv) State the law of quantization of charge.
(xvi) Which of the two; an ammeter or a voltmeter, has a greater resistance?
(xvii) A dielectric slab of K=5 is inserted between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance
10µF. What will be new capacitance of the capacitor?
(xviii) What is the inductive reactance (XL) offered by the capacitor to D.C.?
 (xix) What do you mean by Lorentz’s force?
(xx) Why is soft iron preferred over steel in making the core of a transformer?
(xxi) Name the part of e-m wave used for aircraft navigation.

Question 3:

Can 8.6 x 10-19 coulomb of charge be given to a conductor? Explain.

Question 4:

Relative permittivity of water is 81. If Ԑw and Ԑo are permittivity’s of water and vacuum
respectively then find relation between them. Ans. 81Ԑo

Question 5:

Give expression for electric for electric field strength due to a point charge q at (distance r).

Question 6:

What is a Gaussian surface?

Question 7:

What is the locus of an electron, projected perpendicular to a uniform electric field (neglect the
effect of gravity)? Ans. Parabola.

Question 8 :

An infinite line charge produces a field of 9x104 N/C at a distance of 2 cm. calculates the linear
charge density. Ans. 10 -7 C /m

Question 9:

In an electric dipole, what is the locus of a point of zero potential?

Question 10:

5 J work is done in moving a positive charge of 0.5 C between two points. Find the potential
difference between the points. Ans. 10 volt.

Question 11:

What is the work done in turning an electric dipole placed in electric field through 3600?
Ans. W = 0

Question 12:
 A capacitor is charged through a potential difference of 200 V when 0.1 C charges are stored in
it. How much energy will it release when it is discharged? Ans.2 x103 J.

Question 13:

What should be the capacitance of a capacitor capable of storing 1 joule of energy, when used with a
100 V DC supply?

Question14:

Assuming the earth as an insulated spherical conductor of radius 6400 km, calculate its capacitance
Question 15:

A resistor R is connected to a cell of emf e and internal resistance r. Potential difference across
the resistor R is found to be V. State the relation between e, V,R, and r.

Question 16:

Why standard coil resistance made of constantan?

Question 17:

Define electrical resistivity of a material. Give its SI unit.

Question 18:

How much charge flows through a 250 V, 1000W heater in one minute?

Question 19:

Calculate the electric current density in a uniform wire connected to a battery of emf 3.5 V and

Negligible internal resistance. The resistance of the wire is 2.0 Ω and its area of cross- section is 0.70 x
10-6 m2

Question 20:

Name the two-conservation laws implied in Kirchhoff’s laws for electric circuits.

Question 21:

Define drift velocity of free electrons. How does it depends on the length of the conductor?

Question 22:

Write a relation between current ‘I’ and drift velocity (Vd).

Question 23:

Calculate electrostatic potential energy stored between two charges each of 1 µC separated by a
distance of 1 cm.
Question 24.

Three-point charges each of 1 µC placed at each corner of an equilateral triangle of side each 1 cm.
Calculate electrostatic potential energy of the system.

Question 25:

Why is a potentiometer preferred over a voltmeter to measure emf of a cell?

Question 26:

How does the drift velocity of electron in a metallic conductor change if the length of the
conductor is doubled by stretching it, keeping the applied potential difference constant?

Question 27:

What is the effect of heating of a conductor on the drift velocity of free electrons?

Question 28:

What happens to the power dissipation, if the value of electric current passing through a conductor
of constant resistance is doubled?

Question 29:

On what conservation law is based “kirchhoff’s second law? Ans. Conservation of energy

Question 30:

A galvanometer with a resistance of 75Ω produces a full-scale deflection with a current of 5 mA.
How can this galvanometer be changed into an ammeter of range of 0-5A?
Ans. 75.1x10-3 Ω.

Question 31:

What is meant by:

(i) Drift velocity and

(ii) Relaxation time?

Question 32:

Explain the statement: temperature coefficient of resistance of a metal is 4 x10-3 /0 C.

Question 33:

A 10 m long potentiometer wire carries a steady current. A standard cell of emf 1.018 V is balanced
against a length of 254.5 cm of the wire. What is the potential gradient across the potentiometer wire?
Question 34:

Ohm’ s law may also be stated as J =σ E. What do the symbols J, σ and E stand for?

Question 34:

An electric kettle is rated 3 kW, 240 V. Find out the resistance of its heating element.

Question 35:

A 100 W-220 V bulb is connected to a 110 V DC source. Calculate the power consumed by the
bulb

Question 36:

An electron moving with a velocity of 5 x 107 m s -1 enters a magnetic field of 1 Wb m -2 at an angle

0
of 30 . calculate the force on the electron.

Question 37:

An electric current of 0.25 A flows in a loop of radius 2.0 cm. Calculate the magnitude of the
magnetic dipole moment of the dipole formed.

Question 38:

Write coulomb’s law in vector.

Question 39:

Derive an expression for electric field intensity due an electric dipole at axial position.

Question 40:

Derive an expression for electric field intensity due an electric dipole at equatorial position.

Question 41:

Derive an expression for torque acting on an electric dipole in uniform electric field.

Question 42:

Calculate the magnitude of the force acting on the electron moving with a velocity 3.0 x 107 m s-1 at
right angle to a magnetic field of 10 T.

Question 43:
 State Gauss’ theorem. Obtain an expression for electric field due to a thin uniform charged wire of
linear charged density ‘l’.

Question 44:

State Gauss’ theorem. Obtain an expression for electric field due to a thin uniform charged sheet of
surface charged density ‘s’.

Question 45:

Derive an expression for electric potential due a point charge ‘q’ at a distance ‘r’.

Question 46:

State the SI unit of magnetic dipole moment Ans. A-m2.

Question 47:

Define radial magnetic field. What is its importance in moving coil galvanometer?

Question 48:

State Biot- Savart law in vector form.

Question 49:

Write an equation of Lorentz force F acting on a charged piratical having charge q moving in a
magnetic field. B with a velocity v in vector form.

Question 50:

Write an expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of radius R and N-turns
carrying a current l.

Question 51:

Define ampere in terms of the force between two long, straight and parallel conductors carrying
currents in the same direction.

Question 52:

What is the purpose of the concave pole pieces in a moving coil galvanometer?

Question 53:

What is the unit of mutual inductance?

Question 54:
 Name two factor on which the mutual inductance between a pair of coils depend?

Question 55:

What are eddy currents? How can it be minimized?

Question 56:

State two factor on which the sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer depend.

Question 57:

Why is the core of the transformer laminated?

Question 58:

Explain Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction. Does this law obey law of conservation of energy?

Question 59:

What is motional emf? State any two factors on which it depends.

Question 60:

The coil of a simple AC generator is rotating at the rate of 50 revolution /second in a uniform
magnetic field of 1 tesla. What is the peak value of the AC voltage generated? The number of turns in the
coil is 100 and its face is 100 cm2.

Question 61:

A transformer has 500 turns in its primary and 1000 turns in its secondary winding. The primary
voltage is 200 V and the load in the secondary is 100Ω Calculate the current in the primary, assuming it
to be an ideal transformer.

Question 62:

What is meant by wattles current?

Question 63:

In an AC circuit, R = 4Ω, Z = 5Ω, Vrms = 200 V and Irms = 1.5 A, calculate the average power
consumed over a full cycle.

Question 64:

What is the phase difference between the voltage and current in A.C circuit containing ‘L’ only.

Question 65:
 Sketch a graph showing variation of reactance of a capacitor with frequency of the applied voltage.

Question 66:

What is the value of power factor in a series LCR circuit at resonance? Ans. One.

Question 67:

Show that capacitor blocks the DC?

Question 68:

Obtain the relation I = Io (ɷt – π/2) for a pure inductor across which an alternating emf E = Eo sin
ɷt is applied.

Question 69:

Obtain the relation I = Io sin (ɷt + π/2 ) and Xc = 1/ɷc for a pure capacitor across which an AC emf
E = Eo sin ɷt is applied as show in figure. Draw a phasor diagram showing emf E, current I and their
phase difference ɸ.

Question 71:

A 50 µ F capacitor, a 30 Ω resistor and a 0.7 H inductor are connected in aeries to an AC supply

which generates and emf e given by e = 300 sin (200 t ) volt. Calculate peak value of the current flowing
through the circuit.

Question 72:

In the R-L circuit shown in adjoining figure, the resistance R= 30Ω, reactance XL = 40Ω and peak
emf Eo = 220 V. Calculate:

(i) impedance Z

(ii) phase difference between the emf and current

(iii) the peak current Io in the circuit.

Question 73:

An alternating emf of 100 V (rms), 50 Hz is applied across a capacitor of 10µ F and a resistor of
100Ω in series. Calculate

(i) the reactance of the capacitor

(ii) the current flowing

(iii) the average power supplied.

Question 74:
 An a.c generator generating an emf of Ԑ= 300 sin (100 π t) V is connected to a series combination
of 16 µF capacitor, 1 H inductor and 100 Ω resistor. Calculate:

(i) Impedance of the circuit at the give frequency.

(ii) Resonant frequency fo

(iii) power factor at resonant frequency fo

Question 75. A coil has inductance of 0.2 H. If the current through the coil changes from 2 A to 5 A in 2
seconds, then calculate the e.m.f induced in the coil.

Question 76. You are provided with many identical capacitors each of 8 µF. How will you connect
minimum number of them to obtain a capacitance of 12 µF?

Question 77 Find the force per unit length acting on the wire A due to wire B as shown in the figure:

Question 78 An electron moving with a velocity of 4 x 106 m/s enters a uniform and transverse magnetic
field of 2 x 10 -3 T. Calculate:

(i) The radius of the circular path described by it.

(ii) The frequency of the circular path described by it.

Question 79. State Biot-Savart’s law. Obtain an expression for magnetic field density ‘B’ at the centre of
a current carrying circular coil.

Question 80. State Ampere’s law. Obtain an expression for magnetic field density ‘B’ due to a long
solenoid.

Question 81.

(i) How will you convert a galvanometer into an ammeter? Draw a circuit diagram to support
your answer.
(ii) How will you convert a galvanometer into a voltmeter? Draw a circuit diagram to support
your answer.
(iii) Out of voltmeter and ammeter, whose resistance will be low?
(iv) What is the resistance of an ideal ammeter.
 (v) What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter.

Question.82 Calculate the value of magnetic field at the centre of a loop of wire of radius 6 cm and
carrying a current of 10 A.

OR

Calculate the emf induced in a coil of inductance 2 H, when current changes from 2 A to 4 A
through the wire in 5 s.

Question.83 Name the electromagnetic radiation:

(i) used to study crystal structure.

(ii) which has wavelength 700 nm.
Question.84 For each of the following, state one phenomenon in which:

(i) particles behave like waves.

(ii) waves behave like particles.
Question. 85 (i) Name the nuclear reaction takes place in stars? Also write a balanced equation for this.

(ii) Name the nuclear reaction takes place in nuclear reactor? Also write a balanced equation
for this.

(iii) What do you mean by pair-production? Write an equation to represent it.

(iv) What do you mean by pair-annihilation? Write an equation to represent it.
(v) What do you mean by mass-defect? How is it related to binding energy (B.E)?
(vi) What if the function of moderator in a nuclear reactor. Name the material used to make it.

Question.86. Find the value of current I1 and I2 using Kirchhoff’s law from the given circuit:

Question.87. Show that voltage leads the current in an A.C. circuit containing inductor only. Also draw its
phasor diagram.

Question.88. (i) what are de-Broglie waves?

(ii)Find the stopping potential for a metal surface of work function 2 eV. If a
monochromatic light of wavelength 200 nm incident on the metal surface.

Question.89
 Calculate the binding energy of a nitrogen nucleus in MeV. Given:
Mass of proton = 1.00783 u
Mass of neutron = 1.00867 u and mass of nitrogen atom = 14.00307 u.
Take 1 u = 931 MeV

Question.90 Draw binding energy per nucleon versus mass number graph. Also write important features
of this graph.

Question.91. (i) Derive an expression for radius of Bohr’s nth orbit for H-atom.

(ii) In a H-atom an electron jump from 3rd excited state to 2nd excited state. Name the
corresponding transition series and write the name of e-m wave belongs to this
transition series.

Question.92 (i) Derive an expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric slab of
dielectric constant ‘K’.

(ii) A capacitor is connected to a source of emf. If the emf source is removed from the
capacitor and a dielectric slab of dielectric constant ‘K’ is inserted between the plates of
the capacitor, then how:
(a) electric field changes.
(b) energy stored in capacitor changes.
Question.93

State the working principle of a potentiometer. Draw a labelled circuit diagram to

determine the internal resistance of the cell. Also write the expression obtained for the
determination of internal resistance of the cell.

Question 94. Write the answer to the following questions with reference to semiconductors to the point:

(i) Write any two advantages of LED over ordinary lamp.

(ii) Draw a circuit symbol of a photodiode. In which biasing it is used. Write its one application.

(iii) What do you mean diffusion current ?

Question.95 How will you distinguish between conductors, insulators and semiconductors on the basis of
energy band gap?

Question 96.

(i) Write any three differences between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.

(ii) Write any three differences between n-type and p-type semiconductors.

Question 97
What do you understand by biasing of p-n junction diode? Draw a circuit diagram to show the forward
and reverse biasing of the p-n junction diode.

Question 98.

Draw V-I graph to show the forward characteristics and reverse characteristics of the p-n junction diode.

Question.99

What is the rectifier. Draw a circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier. Also draw its input and output
waveform.

Question.100

What is the rectifier. Draw a circuit diagram of a half- wave rectifier. Also draw its input and output
waveform.

Question.101

V-I graph for a silicon p-n junction diode is shown below.

Calculate the:

(i) resistance at 20 mA.

(ii) resistance at -10 V.