Unit 3
Unit 3
WELDING
70 to 90 degrees
Root
CaC 2 + 2 H 2 O → C 2 H 2 + Ca(OH) 2
Neutral flame
Oxidizing flame
Carburizing flame
Kalpakjian
Kalpakjian
Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW): “TIG” (Tungsten-Inert-
Gas)
Kalpakjian
Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW): “TIG” (Tungsten-Inert-Gas)
ADVANTAGES:-
DIS-ADVANTAGES:-
DIS-ADVANTAGES:-
Since the electrode is submerged into the flux, the arc is invisible. The flux
is partially melts and forms a slag protecting the weld pool from oxidation
and other atmospheric contaminations.
DIS-ADVANTAGES:-
APPLICATIONS:-
• Ship building, longitudinal pipe welding, circumferential
welding in wind tower fabrication
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Resistance Spot Welding (RSW): “SPOT WELDING”
• No filler rod: electrical current is passed through metal under pressure
• Distortion and grain growth are minimized
• Low skill level required
• Easy to automate
• Low heat input and no weld bead
• Low Cost
• Less skilled worker required
• Higher productivity
Disadvantages:-
Leak proof joint can not be made
APPLICATIONS:-
DIS-ADVANTAGES:-
ADVANTAGES:-
DIS-ADVANTAGES:-
APPLICATIONS:-
APPLICATIONS:-
• In wire drawing
Industries
• For producing butt
joint in tubes, pipes
& rods etc.
ADVANTAGES:-
• Process is cheap.
• Process is fast.
• Preparation of weld
surface is not required.
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Soldering
It is a low temperature joining process in
which fusible alloy or metal is introduced
in a liquid state between work piece to be
joined It is performed at temperatures
below 450ºC for joining. The filler metal is
called SOLDER
Soldering is used for,
Sealing, as in automotive radiators
or tin cans
Electrical Connections
APPLICATIONS:-
Connection in radios & T.V sets etc
Radiator brass tubes for motor cars
Sometime used for repairing utensils
Wiring joint in electrical connections, battery and other
terminals
DISADVANTAGES:-
2. Lack of Fusion
Lack of fusion is the failure of the filler metal to
fuse with the parent metal. It is duo to
(a) Too fast travel
(b) Incorrect welding technique
(c) Insufficient heat
4. Cracking
It is the formation of cracks either in the weld
metal or in the parent metal. It is due to
(a) Unsuitable parent metals used in the weld
(b) Bad welding technique
6. Blowholes
These are large holes in the weld caused by
(a) Gas being trapped, due to moisture.
(b) Contamination of either the filler or parent metals.
7. Burn Through
It is the collapse of the weld pool due to
(a) Too much heat concentration
(b) Poor edge preparation.
8. Excessive Penetration
It is where the weld metal protrudes through the root of the weld. It is caused by
(a) Incorrect edge preparation
(b) Too much heat concentration
(c) Too slow travel. Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering