s k n - M t a l u

18/10/20 ard
Bh3:Mutal
a u Elczepoulre

knDun-
metal arL
edclrent. hus,
LOung
LAsLpalkalu
mtal
hysinal spelustMtalu: hard,
mealarl MELal.
B a r d n y s M a s t of
hL lthium,_LarL
1ky AA{L
polnsium
AuAhassoduum,
be polahud.
and huy Aan
hiy_aurfact
dualre:Mutaly"haxt srsng and.hawt high B i l
mutals dne mlalu
AngEhidMout B th tuutives 'aru melal madlUng

sOrengh.lecauu thi, big (acopt Lediuum(Na

Ledium (Na and
an
Aoppr (Cu and ien (Fe).
Mch al
potassum(k)uhich a selt_metals)._ WA mIKLuy
olid at xoem tuiptatur LLpl
atn: Mekals are allld eioue
uund:Mtals_preduce kinging saund0 mutal
a
mtald aalle knburi au Mtallu Mund. hu u thi sauu
ound e 9

that mal UALd in Making pmuMal_instiumAtL

endudn: Mlalu are malllakke.hii mans mutals san le biatn
aleobility

inh a thn shut. Buoue h d prspery,isen is d in makua

 Pngo io
YOUVA
Dato

igships
enducleni Mitals axea qpod kendusto ehiot and lisiicik
Jhus s tht caus hat plcbuc uinua mad a mlal like
CpperAnd alumunum
Quctilty: Melalu a dushile. his miand mulals can edrauwn
inte thin ute. Becaue Ihu roporty,a utxL i made ef mtalu
Mltingand Belung paintMtali haeqenually high mlling
and liallng pints ( incept gallum and cassiuim mitals hich.
aNeLeour malung_poünt)._
anutyMout mtalu hare a high dnuy
Soloud: Most t h i mlals art4he in cslou.But geld-

khimuca bopedis _Mtals:

1Riatumwth ygin. Mut the metalu lerm pecune_tol
enides whin xiadting with eugen
MAtal + ugan Metal aide.
tg:Rastien letasiuna uith ugen: Patauium mital poms pata-
Awm d i uhun XiaA with ypena
 4k+ 0, 2k20
olpssuum
totassuum ygln &Nde

ALmALuua
oduum milal
L a c e n _ o d i u m
uth u a t n :

2Na, 0
4Na+ O AOdiu
lodlium gn

knun as kali-m
kithuum,7 pelassum Ledumde are
dlkak mutalu uoct rgorously uith enygin

i Keaciuen s i n mutalwth egin: uom mlal dal nAttn

in al Mn Am_isong_huatng. n Hadu wth the erygln

3Fels)+ 20,(g)= R4 (as)

 Pago No. YOUVA
Dato:

i
ii KLacLo AlApper maal with eryaen: boppur mulak doLA NAM-
Arn AA wtnN Atina heatng. bepper Lacls uwith IMe
_
LYgin h SN Þrelenged iatna'te letma Hack uwbihcL
Opbi(D) eiidle
2 Cu + 0, 2u0
oppe kyatn boppe (T)
Aride

lutn, qold and pladinun de net sombine wth thi p

PAygn Ain wea at high tiopraine. hy ari the loat

Metal
Mtal nidu
hnical Dspudiui VMtal enidss an baue in natuw h
AAuLO lutusn e mtal anuidu furnN KLd limuu lue
Radien e Mtal kideu urth untnMost ef ihi melal smudes ane
inselulleinund. Alkali matol _enidesari seluble jin wali.
alt mulal enidu qint drsng kase whindusolved in wat.
 Page No.:

Date:

uey
Laluenm dedum exide eth w a t ; O L m S 7
dium_hyclnenide when kiaddA with wali

Na, 0 +H 0 2NaOH_
odium Unter Lodina
xide hydrenide.

Lnatuen e totassium &nidle uith watini oLaium tnkdle gj

poladuium hyduenide nshn HLacti with ualen.
KOt H,0 2k0H
otassuinm ato ColasiLm
nide
hyclreid
iv Kectuen s zinc aidejand aluminuwm ericde : duminuun id
and zinc nido inAelubla w waler. Aluminum mid and zu
rid namAyphuu naiv. map_ampheteur_subeana
Loth aridi and kau hatactns. 1tMLants with ae tkeJu
and ALOTA nth an atid JRA a kase.
Wmin zinc Bhids juranihUth seduum hydrenide, t beharts
 AAd,n thu xiastusn, Leduum girat and untr are lormed

ZnO +_2 Na OH- Nay ZnO, t H0

Knc bortium becliu
id hydrenide zincali

idsi d sehovt k_a las uhn uosts uith acid.

Zinn kxid git zint chleridand wntn_en siadieer urh
T.A
hydrechleru asid
Zn0 +2HCL ZnCla t H,0
i Hydrech!- ine Water
auid chlonride
n a imilan uay, alumunum euids kehat ke a kase whin
ALasi wth anid ond behave ke acid uhn xuads b plh
dluninuum eide gwtd sodum aluminat alerg With
watn hin puandi udh Ledium hydreaide
 Page No.:

Date:

2NaAo, +HO
Al, O3 + 2NaoH b e d i u m a - _ t r

dunminiun koduum
ide._hyduenud luminale

Aumununn AEdls_xude giwes auumituum chletucle alsne

uth unter whin t nl unth hydnechleric asd
Al,O3 +6 HCe 2At Cl t3H,0
uminium Hydre- Wuminium Uhtor
dle Aleuc
ACid chltude

2)Reacien e mttalu wth unl Metalk ferm reLpe~dire hyprsi

and hydnegen gs whn xeating with watwe
Mtal Atator Mital hydueride t Hydrepen
MAst ef hi mkals de nst rrac uith uat.Howeuth, alkol
metals iort ngprausly uith untis.
 Page No.:
YOUVA
Date:

tuon d sedum mital urth walix: kedlium mlal fernu Leahum

hydubrids and likeatu hydregen qau alsng with lot htat
h n kactung wxth wate

Na t H,O NaOH +_H

sediuum Uater Seduun Aydubgen
hydteaide

iKiastun t kalkiuum mtal uith watv: kalkum mi calcium

Audbuenidealngwith hydnegenqas and huat uhn nuast uih
Ca 2H,0 CalOH), + H,
oalium 1 a t a kalciunHydrogen.

hyduenide
Reastien Magmisium mdial uithuntx iMagnisium mtal
HariA t k uatu lowty Mnd orms nmagnislum hydreide And

M+ +H,0 MgloH). t H
Magmlsium_Nattr Magnuium Hydrope
hyderide
 Page No.

Date:
YOUVA

Whin Alam is pasued enven nMagmianm milal, magnisiuLael

and hyadregknqns ani formtd.-
Ma + Ho MgoMgO t H H.
Magnuium Matt Magmiuina Hydrogtn

Mdals ikalminuum, zine And inende not

VMalalsKk MLact with eithu
Lold unlin hAt untixihey nact urth team fema mial
ide and hydnea:

v Reactind duminium metal wth uatu ikioction aluniniun

mal uith csld uatur iu toe lor 4sAmt inte _ntitBuubE uhun
sLam ispassed evtr aluminium milal, aumiium eride and
hydregen ga4 aprLedused

2 +3H,0 AOs +2H2

 Kaadien sint mutali huatir i Lins mutalpoduu zin aide
And dnegkn qas when ALam pOAAed ven dE. Znc eol no

Znt H, 0- Zn0+ H
inc Uatn n Hydregpn
enide

viKatuen. ren uth ual: When ed hoten Hiac urlk

Liam e m inen (I,I ide and hyahegen
3Fels) t 4H, olg) kam R04 6) +4H2a)
B0th calcium (laand magniuium(Mg_axi_heaNur Than
1watr kut stll lent ev it: Both calkium and magntsium
sat eex walir uace scaue hyduegan 4as is ENelred uwhin
huLmutalu huact uih watvr SEii in h foum sf_buldtes whieh
stick nthe mal urfart. Ihvupera, thy leatexe it
CalS) 2H, OL)=Cå(OH), (aq) Hzl,
ealciunUatn Loalcium
F r i dhy- Hydrszen
Aydrsge
 Page No.:

Date YoUVA
hAR_mutalu usuallyde net Aact with watn A LLaat vex
outy, ktad, sopbe alver and geld.dle not xraci with ptard.
hus, tht Srdor efkrawily diferent metol undi uni
may be ututtin a

K>Na > Cas>Mg 2 Ae 2Zn~RI Pb >luA >Atu

3) Kiasten metals uith dtlut1 hydhechleris acid: jeclium mulal

e seoluum chleride and hydregn gai hn kiacË with dllut
hudroohlsie aid
2Na +2HC 2NaCl tH2
ediumHydrechlore kdium Hydregen
hloride

i)kracien f magnsium mutal with diluk hydzechloie aaidi

Magnisium hloudi and hydregen qas art fermedl wñLn Magnilue
kAactiudh dilun hytrechtori asid.
My +"2HCE- MaC2t H
AagneimMyplrs Magnuiinn Hydregehs
&hloride
id
 Page No.

Date:
YOUVA

Kiacduen A Kine wuth dilute sulphwuk acid:Zinc Lulphalee

and hydrsgen ga4 A medwhn gine siacil_wilh dilute
ulphui átia. Zhii method is utdin Ahe laboratery to
preehce hydrwgin gas
ZntH2SO4 Zn SO t H
Zinc dulphunc Zne Hyanegin
sulpkale

Hydnøgan (h4as id net eeved uhen mial u teattd

h ndueatid [HNO) :ibué aud AAAng ánuditing
agnt and it eniddes th hydegen gau lH) Lbrated into

nuaegtn like nirusridle LNa0)s niia eudalN0) and

nitnegtnditucde (NO).But Magniuium and Manganiue
Apct uith vtry dilue HNO,Ä tO Luele hydregirgal.
boppen geld, ilorts arLAnouh_as nette mlal hue
Zheue
d netat uith water A dihtauids.
hi rdur ntrturily q mdal tunadudihute hydochlsit
atid A_Mlphunit atid 's in thid n :
K Na Ca>Mg A Zn 2 He Lu2 Ap
 Page No.:

Date: YOUVA

KLactuty kxiu sf Mutalui he prdu sf inhnuly e puastiuity

metal is knun 'a/ Reactumly deried Reacduny'lemn de
em meng fuem tp to bottam ia thegiutn 7sesiu
In_the inity Aiks,cppet, qald And piluenAAthL
Lotlem and huice,least eadue hiuz metals a knoun al
Welle metals. etassittm.
Keactuit elsensttmmen naetals:
tetE eactire
K Leotaswum
Na LSedium)
Ca lbalum)
Mg (Magmisium
A minum
Zn_ (Z)

Pb (Lad)
CH (Hydugn)
Cu
koppin)
H Meray)
au 4pe)7
len MeacdIe
 Page fi
-YOUVA
Date

Katin otald uth slutuns ethr miil nliu

Riadien mlalu uith_Jhi alndin sl sther mital nst i
displaamint usstun. n thá uasiiin, meu Hiadt miial
displacs thi ku niadwt. mial Lem nlt
Mutal At kalk _mutal b lalt enusal A+MealB.
ta: uen dsplocs Aoppin sm sLppur ulphabsoluhin
FtSO4 RSO4# Cu
kepper on
kulphate ulphak
miloy, aluminun and yn diplas Lpppn pen the sllti
Lope ulphate.
2A + 3CuD4- A, (S04) t 3u
oluminLoppen uminLum
Lum ulphate Aulphate
n all the alovt namplis, en ixbn,ahuminium and zinc
9
AL Me Aactwe kian ppll.
i uthy thy displasi pp pram A kalt Aoluton
Uhen_ope isdppid jn thi soldon elver nitrate,it displac
 Page No.:

Date YOUVA

Siluex and _ems OppeA nibralt.

Lu t 2 AgNO, CulNOa), + 2A
epper heppi li
Alitrate nittate

n theartien,coppak id moru adrt hanuhekand hina,

displacu silver om iltr nibrath olute.
e mital dos'not xeast uith cepper._Aulphai oluton beau
haniconpe idt-tefte adkorEAan zget
and ne alkle k displaLOpplA em jt_lalt solution.

Ag +CuSO4 No Heartion
oppex
eulphate

similary, when qeld iu dipped in the utn e pp ndran ne

_atism Takss plaie lkcase cpber id more Hiatve than Qeid
 Au +uSO4 No xeacton
4otd oppen
lphat

nsimlat nuny, ne Heactin taku ploce whun coppl il dipped

inthesAutuon ahuminium nitrak becaus MPper is L
LLasture han aluminuum

AL(NO)3_t lu-
duminiuum bopplx

Man-meau:Alon-tlhmutals ars ths slnts uthish ferna

nLgalire_jms lby Aainung anlecron. Jhus, non- mials ara
alue knoun a Liet tlidtrenigatirt lemsni.
q Lauberlhdphun(s), PhopheruulP), klies (Si), Hydsegenl)
rygenlo)dlitrogn (), Lhlsrine LC),Breninal6)),on(ne)
and drgon (A Ltc:
 Page No.:

Date:
YOUVA

hysinal pApeMtus e nen-metald:

Härdnus Mlen- metal ae not_kard Rathn thuy are qenerall
Aet.But tha damend i an Lnception tiu thihardiut natinll
M inq ubitance
Atat : Nen- metals may uguid,Lolld gak
aute Non-metals harea dullappraranu. ammd and iedint
a autiens
enoriy Non-metals varunot LenAus, i-l, thy de not_preduut
ipical aund m being hit
ndiuten: Nen-mitals aiea krdsenduston A Aia and
shuctutiy lophit whishisallatrapt sanben iagoed
Aenducter plustriuuly_and i an inpton
Mallallaad ductlliAln-matalu are drttle.
Malbing and koiling paind: aln-mutals hare gunurally our miltin4_and
iling pnti
enly:Moutt h i nsn- mlall hawe law dunuiy.
LdouNem-mtuls are An manyislou.
 Date:

anlon in the em s graphilh i nm-metal hich

slucbunty ssnducE
ni id non-mual which u usrod aving a
Karkon Ahning Lunlace
in thu hotm sl diamond h a nDn-
Lalirumely had. metnlwhiLh_
iamend'is anm-mita uhish has a veny high meling
pont and bolung_point.
khimical_prapertis f Nen- mutal:
Kradiuen Men-mutalk uith aygen i Men -metal erm ruspedue
&ride utun udng th yg
Non-mtal + hugn Non-mitalla erida
lphun 4uts salphun diesde whin uasing uith exygn phu
catths yhensApALo O _a
S+0 S0
kulphuu bygen halphua
dienids
 P a g e No.:

Date: YOUVA

Whin hjdrogen naddu with eygin itgurel aratik

2H, + 0 2H,0
whtin
Hyd:ogen yg
on- metallic ide: Nen-matalie enicl ae asidic in naire.
h olution enon-mutal eidu iu ius Moud ud.
karlendiknide giureu sanltmi auid whh diiitrtdin ualo.
H,COs
arken Watin barbniu
dienide Aud

ulphua dinde t hulphureusauid uhen diuoled e

an.

50 HO H, S0
lphu Watir sulphutAs
dinide aud.

Nen-mubals de nt xact uth untn l ptam) 0_evele K.

Alen-mukals de nst aeact wth dilute anid.
 Page No0.
YOUVA
Oate:

4 Aacien Mekaland Men-mutal: Many mitalu ent An

konds uhin thay uact wth nen-metals.kempounds formtd
ane Rnoun as Senuc
AoenpoundA
JenJ: uie h nugatwe sharged atems_anl_knaun AA iAMU. InA
ermud
a
icaui lou n gain ldrnl. domu sem iens
y he slctiemu smbanatheAthi nearsl nUL gas

lie ini d putht ion i prmed kcaus f the Loudetns

n Am..
t Na Nat t e
Sodiuuwm Leduum ion

Magnisium erm poLiirt isn kecaw4_he lui i e pletren

lue pouire shorgessemtOrt magmesium kcau lous ta
elntuens. 2
Mg Mg t 2e
Magnesum Magnum
 Page No.:

Date YOUVA
ii)negaturt seni d nigatnt ien u formed becausu sf the gain f ke
an llcdnon.
tg. bhloru gains Ane electron indr lte achiit a Lkable
enbiquwratin..dlin heLo nL Aletln, chleins get
menegntiwe chargt awen it mng hllinein.
Cl +_e
Lhlenine Bhloride

eni ends: boni kondsast losaed beeautu 4 eledrenu prene

mial a nen mkal. 4ithiu eaunsl, mitals ait pouilne charg
kau sanser ikclzeni and nn-meal -qeii nigatit shas
ausk aptane slectrondsn sthn _orold, bond feintd
+vt l -re ion i callod Ione Bond. hncu, a mpund A
Uclually nuuial, O tman Len mpund, nLpale
ve h hens_muutke LPmbined.

matn beduum bhleride (Nall):Sn sodiuum ehlerida,Ledie

iamtal Lalkali metal) and chlorine is an&n- mkad
kemu nA MNa=1 1
 Paz N
YOUVA
Date

luclrerue cenfiguralin Na: 2,S,1

Wumber iiiclrordn &uttknmast etbit =1
sutermderit-1
alineilectzmi Elctren in
tteas*
Teuic ne. Cl: 17
lic c cenbgutalion Cl= 2, 3,
Clectreu i n átnmatsrlit=7
iena ideirsnu =
hanters ni duAUqE
Posit chaqt Negative charz

tttctren Nat Ce Nalt.

Na

Lutnvaluu
luctkenuL Leciuun chleide

Ldumhassni nliru iluliin and shleine hai LAen valince

tukens sdium xiquis Loung nL licten f etan sable
enigunatn andshletins Xiauurs gaining me lectiem n srdeu
htaw akiilutzniccenkigunatin. hiu in rden te ebtain
ttalk simlinunatue , seduum anaeru eni slistren te chlerine.AtE
iLpniutin, du ild _énL tre_chargs and chleune qiti
 Page No.:

Date: YOUVA

lulon. Loduumchlonde ern

P n -echarge alter gauin amu
becau ef tiantin eluctrend. Jhus,imi kond il ermud
keE"jucli,
eimc bend
and chlstune, Ainc, Loduunm_chleudle j enLd becauL
huA, tis sallid Jonic koipaund tn imilar uay, pasuium chleuid
(kC)is ermed.
opetus enue Aempluna-
onu sempaundsart Aud, Senic lemd ha4AgUtin fera
ttartien sucauu fwhieh ienstbact path Ahr sbrsngly. Jhid maku
ienuc Ampound Aid.
Senit mpaundsAn liilz.
Senic sempounds hant high miltung and kolhing p0inh becautt
Sen seompoundsqunnally aiuueein watin.
Senis sempandA_Are gunirally naultke in ergani ovent tke
Snicsenpounds de net_conduat electriuby n i selid ctat
heoluibm 0 ienus Lempandi in ator csnduct electiu Jhid.
hopens kecnuuL isns prusent in tie Auuion sef Lenu sernpaundacilta
he paungt _y Lluctuinlj ymring tounidl stpoulh slciods.
nit'empaunds ondut'ellbncity nthe molten tat.