11

Precalculus
(Quarter 2-Module 1/Lesson 1/
Week 1)

Angles in a
Unit Circle
Department of Education
SDO- City of San Fernando (LU)
Region 1
 11
Precalculus
(Quarter 2-Module 1/Lesson 1/
Week 1)

Angles in a Unit
Circle
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

• illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and angular
measures of a central angle in a unit circle STEM_PC11T-IIa-1
• convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa STEM_PC11T-IIa-2
• illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles STEM_PC11T-IIa-3

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For the parents:

1. Please guide your child while he is studying and answering the tasks provided in this
module.
2. Remind your child about his study time and schedule so he can finish the module.
3. Let your child answer the module activities independently, however, assist him only
when necessary.
4. I will call on a certain time based on the schedule to explain the lessons in the module.
5. Kindly return the whole module and answer sheets on _________ during Fridays at
____________________.
For the learners:
1. Read carefully the directions so that you will know what to do.
2. If there are directions or topics in the module that are difficult for you to understand,
feel free to ask from your parents or companions at home. However, if you still could
not understand, you can call me at this number, _____________so I could explain it
to you clearly.
3. Answer the activities in the module on the specific day for the subject. Use a separate
sheet of paper for your answers. Avoid writing or tearing the pages of this module
because this will be used by other pupils/students like you.
4. Write important concepts in your notebook regarding your lesson. This will help you
in your review later.
5. You need to finish the activities in this module so that you can give this to your
parents on ___________________________.
Always remember these health tips:

1. Remember to wear your face mask properly and regularly.

2. Always wash your hands with clean water and soap.
3. Cover your mouth and nose with handkerchief whenever you cough or sneeze.
4. Follow the one-meter distance so that you will prevent the spread of the virus.

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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
Know you are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what

What I know you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all
the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you

What’s New in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.
What is it This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice to
What’s More solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to
What I have Learned be filled into process what you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will help you

What I can do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
Assessment mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

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 What I Need to Know
This module will help you understand and master the key concepts of angles in
the unit circle. You will learn about the different angle measures and their applications
real life.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and angular
measures of a central angle in a unit circle STEM_PC11T-IIa-1
2. convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa
STEM_PC11T-IIa-2
3. illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles
STEM_PC11T-IIa-3

What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about this module by answering
the questions below.

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following Greek words does Trigonometry came from?

A. trigonon (triangle), metro (measure)
B. trigono (triangle), metro (measure)
C. trigonon (triangle), metron (measure)
D. trigono (triangle), metron (measure)

For numbers 2-4, use the given figure at the right.

2. Which of the following is NOT a correct way to name the given angle?
A. ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 B. ∠𝐵𝑂𝐴 C. ∠𝑂𝐵𝐴 D. 𝜃
3. What is the initial side of the given angle?
A. 𝑂𝐴 B. 𝑂𝐵 C. 𝐴𝐵 D. 𝐵𝐴

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4. What is the terminal side of the given angle?
A. 𝑂𝐴 B. 𝑂𝐵 C. 𝐴𝐵 D. 𝐵𝐴
5. Which of the following is the Greek letter “Theta”?
A. 𝛼 B. 𝛽 C. 𝛾 D. 𝜃
6. Which of the following refers to the angles who have common terminal side?
A. Central angles C. Reference angles
B. Coterminal angles D. Terminal angles
7. Which of the following is coterminal with -30°?
A. -330° B. -120° C. 330° D. 390°
8. Which angle measure is found in the third quadrant?
A. 720° B. 1320° C. 1520° D. 1920°
9. Which of the following is a quadrantal angle?
A. 750° B. 1 080° C. 1 500° D. 2 000°
𝜋
10. Which of the following is NOT a coterminal angle of 3 ?
7𝜋 5𝜋 11𝜋 13𝜋
A. B. − C. D.
3 3 3 3

11. Which of the following is NOT a quadrantal angle?

A. 90° B. 180° C. 200° D. 270°
12. Which of the following radian measures is equivalent to 45°?
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
A. 2
B. 3 C. 4 D. 6
2𝜋
13. Which of the following is equivalent to ?
5

A. 60° B. 72° C. 75° D. 80°

14. Which of the following is equivalent to 1 revolution?
A. 𝜋 radians B. 2𝜋 radians C. 90° D. 180°
15. Which of the following equivalent to 2160°?
A. 10𝜋 radians B. 11𝜋 radians C. 12𝜋 radians D. 13𝜋 radians

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Lesson
Angles in a Unit Circle
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Angles are useful in different fields like engineering, medical imaging,
electronics, astronomy, geography, and other professions. They use angles and
trigonometry in accomplishing various tasks related to their professions namely
surveyors, pilots, landscapers, designers, and soldiers.

When you were in Grade 9, you already encountered angles and Trigonometry.
But in this module, let us take a deeper discussion on the basics of angle measures.

What’s In
Read the comics below.

https://au.pinterest.com/pin/ 521010250620105053/

The comics shows triangles with different angle measures. When dealing with
measure of angles and sides of a triangle, we are studying a branch of Mathematics
which is known as Trigonometry. The word trigonometry comes from the Greek

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 words “trigonon” (triangle) and “metron” (to measure). Trigonometry is concerned
with computing the numerical values of the missing parts of a triangle (other shapes
that can be dissected into triangles) when the values of other parts were given.

In this module, we are going to recall the concepts of angles and angle measures
as basic concepts in understanding Trigonometry.

Angles in Standard Position

An angle is formed by rotating a ray about its endpoint. The starting position of
the ray is the initial side of the angle, and the position after rotation is the terminal
side. In the figures shown below, the initial side of ∠MON is OM, while its terminal
side is ON. An angle is said to be positive if the ray rotates in a counterclockwise
direction, and the angle is negative if it rotates in a clockwise direction. The angle in
the left has a positive measure while the angle in the right has a negative measure.

An angle is in standard position if it is drawn in the xy-plane with its vertex at

the origin and its initial side on the positive x-axis. We use Greek letters such as 𝛼, 𝛽,
and 𝜃 to refer to the angle formed as well as to the measure of the angle. The following
are examples of angles in standard position:

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 What’s New
The figure below shows special angles in standard position. The angle measures
were expressed in terms of degrees and radians.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:30_degree_rotations_expressed_in_radian_measure.svg

What is It
Angle Measures

To measure angles, we use degrees, minutes, seconds, and radians. A common

unit of measurement for angles is the degree, which is denoted by °.

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A central angle of a circle measures one degree, written 1° , if it intercepts 360
1
of the circumference of the circle. One minute, written 1′ , is 60 of 1° , while one second,
1
written 1", is 60 of 1′.

For example, in degrees, minutes, and seconds,

15 ′ 30.25 °
1. 15°30′ 15" = 15° + (30 + 60) = 15° + ( 60
)
= 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓𝟎𝟒°

30 ′ 10.5 °
2. 94°10′ 30" = 94° + (10 + 60) = 94° + ( 60 )

= 𝟗𝟒. 𝟏𝟕𝟓°

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3. 85.275° = 85°(0.275 × 60)′ = 85°(16.5)′
= 85°16′ (0.5 × 60)"

= 𝟖𝟓°𝟏𝟔′𝟑𝟎"

A central angle of the unit circle that intercepts an arc of the circle with length
1 unit is said to have a measure of one radian, written 1 rad.

Deped’s Precalculus Learner’s Module

One radian is the measure of the central angle of a circle such that the length of
the arc between the initial side and the terminal side is equal to the radius of the circle.
A full revolution (360°) equals 2π radians. A half revolution (180°) is equivalent to π
radians.
In your trigonometry class in Grade 9, the degree measure is commonly used.
In some fields of mathematics like calculus, radian measure of angles is preferred.
Radian measure allows us to treat the trigonometric functions as functions with the set
of real numbers as domains, rather than angles.

Converting Angle Measures

Since a unit circle has circumference 2π, a central angle that measures 360° has
measure equivalent to 2π radians. Thus, we obtain the following conversion rules.

Converting degree to radian, and vice versa

𝜋
1. To convert a degree measure to radian, multiply it by 180 .
180
2. To convert a radian measure to degree, multiply it by .
𝜋

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Example 1: Express the following in radian measures.

1. 40° 2. 270° 3. −125°

Solution:

𝜋 2𝜋
1. 40° × 180 = rad
9
𝜋 3𝜋
2. 270° × 180 = rad
2
𝜋 25𝜋
3. −125° × 180 = − rad
36

Example 2: Express the following in degree measures.

4𝜋 9𝜋 11𝜋
1. 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2. 3. −
9 4 5

Solution:

4𝜋 180
1. × = 80°
9 𝜋
9𝜋 180
2. × = 405°
4 𝜋
11𝜋 180
3. − × = −396°
5 𝜋

Quadrantal Angles

An angle is a quadrantal angle if its terminal side lies on an axis including

0°,90°,180°,270°,0°,90°,180°,270°, or 360°.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-osalgebratrig/chapter/angles/

Reference Angle

The reference angle is the angle that the given angle makes with the x-axis.
Regardless of where the angle ends (that is, regardless of the location of the terminal
side of the angle), the reference angle measures the closest distance of that terminal side
to the x-axis.

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 https://www.omnicalculator.com/math/reference-angle

Terminal Side in Quadrant I Quadrant II Quadrant III Quadrant IV

Reference angle
𝜃 180° − 𝜃 𝜃 − 180° 360° − 𝜃
(𝜃 in degrees)
Reference angle
𝜃 𝜋−𝜃 𝜃−𝜋 2𝜋 − 𝜃
(𝜃 in radians)

Coterminal Angles

Two angles in standard position that have a common terminal side are called
coterminal angles. Observe that the degree measures of coterminal angles differ by
multiples of 360°.

Two angles are coterminal if and only if their degree measures differ by
360𝑘, where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑍.
Similarly, two angles are coterminal if and only if their radian measures
differ by 2𝜋𝑘, where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑍

The angles with degree measures 45°, 405°, and -315° are examples of
coterminal angles as illustrated below.

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 https://www.onlinemath4all.com/coterminal-angles.html

Example 3: Find the angle coterminal with -400° that has measure

a. between 0° and 360° , and

b. between −360° and 0°.
Solution.

Remember that a negative angle moves in a clockwise direction, and the angle
−380◦ lies in Quadrant IV.

a. −400° + 2(360°) = 320°

b. −400° + 360° = −40°

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 What’s More
Directions: Complete the table below.

Quadrant Coterminal Angle

Degree Radian where the between Reference
Measure Measure terminal between Angle
-360° and
side lies 0° and 360°
0°

1 40°

2 -330°

3 270°

4 -450°

5 1000°

𝜋
6
2
𝜋
7 −
9
11𝜋
8
6

9 -5𝜋

2𝜋
10
3

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 What I have Learned
In this module, you have you learned the concepts of angles and angle measures.
Here are some of the things that you need to remember:

1. Angles can be expressed in terms of degrees and radians.

𝜋
2. To convert angles from degrees to radians, multiply the angle by 180.
180
3. To convert angles from radians to degrees, multiply the angle by .
𝜋

4. An angle is a quadrantal angle if its terminal side lies on an axis including

0°,90°,180°,270°,0°,90°,180°,270°, or 360°.
5. The reference angle is the angle that the given angle makes with the x-axis.
6. Two angles in standard position that have a common terminal side are called
coterminal angles.

What I can Do
Angles can also be formed by the hands of the
clock. Think of a specific time and what do you think is
the exact measure of the angle that is formed. Try to
answer the following problems below and express your
answers in degrees and radian measures.

1. What is the smaller angle between the two hands of

the clock at 5:00 O’clock?
2. What is the smaller angle between the two hands of
https://www.hitbullseye.com/Solved-Clock-Problems.php
the clock at 2:20 PM?
3. At what angle are the hands of a clock inclined at 30 minutes past 8?

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 Assessment
Directions. Read the following questions carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer in each item.

1. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about angles in standard position?

A. The initial side lies in the positive x-axis.
B. The vertex of the angle is located at the origin.
C. Angles can be positive or negative depending on its rotation.
D. The terminal side lies in the negative x-axis.
2. Which of the following angles have common terminal side?
A. Complementary Angles C. Quadrantal Angles
B. Coterminal Angles D. Supplementary Angles
3. What is an acute angle that is formed by a terminal side of a given angle in
the standard position and the x-axis?
A. Coterminal Angle C. Reference Angle
B. Quadrantal Angle D. Vertical Angle
4. What do you call the ray where the measurement of an angle ends?
A. Complementary Side C. Reference Side
B. Initial Side D. Terminal Side
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about angle measures?
A. 1 revolution is equal to 360 degrees
B. 1 revolution is equal to 2𝜋 radians
C. 90 degrees is equal to 𝜋 radians
D. 360 degrees is equal to 2𝜋 radians
6. Which of the following are angles generated by clockwise rotation?
A. Acute Angles C. Neutral Angles
B. Negative Angles D. Positive Angles
5𝜋
7. Which of the following is equal to ?
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A. 60° B. 150° C. 210° D. 330°

8. Which of these angles is NOT coterminal with an angle of −240° in standard
position?
A. 120° B. –600° C. –60° D. 480°

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 2
9. Which angle is NOT coterminal with an angle of − 5 radians in

standard position?
12 8 18
A. −  B. 5 C.  D. 
5 5

10. What is the reference angle in radians of the angle that measures 240°?
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝐴. 𝜋 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6

11. In which quadrant does the angle 1000° lie?

A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV
12. Which of the following is equal to 120°?
2𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋 4𝜋
A. B. C. 3 D.
3 2 3

13. Which of the following angles are generated by counterclockwise rotation?

2𝜋
A. -2𝜋 B. − 3
C. -120° D. 45°

14. Which of the following is equal to 4𝜋?

A. 360° B. 550° C. 720° D. 900°
5𝜋
15. Which of the following is equivalent to ?
2

A. 400° B. 425° C. 450° D. 475°

Additional Activities
Visit the link below for a tagalog discussion of the lesson on Angle Measures.

Video Title: ANGLE MEASURES(Standard Position, Converting Radian to

degrees, Sign Convention ) in TAGALOG!!

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDENFqIn16g

Youtube Account: EC Math

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 References
Bibliography

Ascano, Joy P., et.al. (2016). Precalculus Learner’s Material. Quezon City, Philippines:
Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.
Lim, Yvette F., et. al. (2016). Math for Engaged Learning Grade 11: Precalculus. Quezon
City, Philippines: Sibs Publishing House, Inc.
Llacuna, Floro Deogracias G., et. Al. (2019). Precalculus. Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines: Rex
Book Store, Inc (RBSI).
Oronce, Orlando A., et. al. (2014). e-math: Advanced Algebra and Trigonometry.
Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store, Inc (RBSI).

Online Resources

* https://au.pinterest.com/pin/521010250620105053/

* https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-osalgebratrig/chapter/angles/

* https://www.britannica.com/science/trigonometry

*https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:30_degree_rotations_expressed_in_radian_measu
re.svg

https://www.hitbullseye.com/Math-Clock-Problems.php

* https://www.hitbullseye.com/Solved-Clock-Problems.php

*https://www.omnicalculator.com/math/reference-angle

* https://www.onlinemath4all.com/coterminal-angles.html

*https://www.purplemath.com/modules/radians3.htm#:~:text=The%20reference%20angle%2
0is%20the,side%20to%20the%20x%2Daxis.

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