ii) Write down the chemical symbol of the element with only three protons inside its

nucleus.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

iii) Write down the chemical symbol of the element in Group 2 and Period 3.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Look at the diagram. Complete the diagram to show the arrangement of electrons in an
atom of carbon.

3. This diagram shows part of the Periodic Table of elements.

a) Name the elements shown in the table that are metals.

______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Write the symbol for hydrogen in the appropriate empty box.

______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) What is the symbol for silicon?

______________________________________________________________________________________.

d) Which is the least reactive metal shown in the table?

______________________________________________________________________________________.

e) Which element shown in the table could be used to kill bacteria in a swimming pool?
______________________________________________________________________________________.

f) Which element shown in the table has the highest atomic (proton) number?
______________________________________________________________________________________.

4. Complete the table about an atom. Choose words from the list.

positive negative
neutral

13 | P a g e
particle electrical charge carried by
particle
electron
neutron
proton

5. The element fluorine is shown in the Periodic Table as:

Use the numbers listed below to complete the sentences that follow.
9 10 19 28

A fluorine atom has:

a) an atomic number of________________________________________________________________.

b) _________________________electrons in its orbit.

c) _________________________neutrons in its nucleus.

d) an atomic mass of _________________________________________________________________.

14 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 4
Unit-5 Materials and their structure
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8ESc.02 Understand that the Earth's climate can change due to atmospheric change

8ESc.01 Understand that there is evidence that the Earth's climate exists in a cycle
between warm periods and ice ages, and the cycle takes place over long time periods.

8ESc.03 Describe the difference between climate and weather.

8ESs.01 Describe a galaxy in terms of stellar dust and gas, stars and planetary systems.

1. Drawings, based on fossils, show an iguanodon and a woolly mammoth.

These animals both lived in the same parts of Europe but at different times. Both animals are
now extinct. Scientists think that the Earth’s climate cycles between warm and cold periods of
time.

a) Does the fossil evidence support the idea that the Earth has cycles of warm and cold periods
of time? Give two reasons for your answer.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Explain if the fossil evidence supports the idea that each cycle takes a long period of time.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. People are concerned that increased global warming is causing climate change. Evidence
for increased global warming includes:
 the increase in the rate of melting of glaciers and polarice caps.
 a rise in mean sea levels.
a) Explain why it is important to keep records of data over a period of time.

15 | P a g e
______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Satellites have sensors that can accurately measure the height of the sea. They can also
take detailed photographs of the surface of the Earth.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

i) Suggest one reason why it is important to make a large number of observations of the Earth.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Give one reason why it is important to make accurate and detalied observations over time.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

3.Lily and Mia measure the temperature of the air on the same day every week for 5 weeks.
Look at their results.

week temperature in 0C
1 18.0
2 18.5
3 19.2
4 20.0
5 21.0

a) Write down the name of the piece of equipment Lily and Mia use to measure temperature.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Write down a different way to present the data from the table.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Lily and Mia make these conclusions.

Who is correct?
______________________________________________________________________________________.

Explain your answer.

______________________________________________________________________________________.

4.Look at the graph showing global average temperature change from 1850.

16 | P a g e
a) Describe the pattern shown in the graph.
______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Scientists believe that this pattern in temperature change is caused by an increase in the
concentration of a gas in the atmosphere. Write down the name of this gas.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Predict the global average temperature change for the year 2030.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Look at the graph showing how the average temperature of the surface of the Earth has
changed over the last 800000 years.

a) The last ice age is circled on the graph. Circle a point on the graph when one other ice age
happened.
b) Describe the pattern shown in the average temperature of the surface of the Earth over the
past 800 000 years.
______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Changes in the percentage of some gases in the atmosphere cause climate change.
Name one gas that causes climate change.
______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________.

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Practice Sheet- 5
Unit - 6 Light
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Ps.01 Describe reflection at a plane surface and use the law of reflection.

8Ps.02 Describe refraction of light at the boundary between air and glass or air and
water in terms of change of speed.

8Ps.03 Know that white light is made of many colours and this can be shown through the
dispersion of white light, using a prism.

8Ps.04 Describe how colours of light can be added, subtracted, absorbed and reflected

1. White light is made up of several colours including blue, green and red. Ahmed investigates
the use of a red filter. Look at the apparatus he uses.

He shines different colours of light at the filter. He observes the colour of light (if any) that
comes through the filter. Complete his results table.

colours of light he shines at colour of filter colour of light, if any, that

the filter comes through the filter

red red

green red

white red

2. Prisms can be used to reflect light. Write down the letter R on the diagram to show the angle
of reflection.

18 | P a g e
3. Look at the diagram. It shows the addition of different colours of light.

a) Complete the diagram by writing the correct colour in each box.

b) Lily investigates two filters. Look at the diagram. What does Lily see on the screen?

Circle the correct answer.

blue light no light white light yellow light

4. Look at the diagram. It shows how white light is split into different colours.

19 | P a g e
a) Circle the name of the process that splits white light into different colours.

absorption dispersion

reflection subtraction

b) Only two light rays are shown on the diagram. X is the path of red light. Y is the path of violet
light. Draw the path of a ray of yellow light on the diagram.

c) Complete the sentence to explain the different paths of red light and violet light.

Red light travels at a __________________speed inside the glass block than violet light.

5. White light is made of many colours.

a) Oliver uses a glass prism and a ray of white light.

Complete the sentences.

A ray of white light enters the glass prism. This ray of white light changes speed because the
light is __________________________. White light is split into different colours by the process of
__________________________.

b) Oliver adds different colours of light together.

Complete the additions of light.

One has been done for you.

red + blue = magenta

red + green =

______________________________________________________________________________________.

20 | P a g e
green + blue =

______________________________________________________________________________________.

red + blue + green =

______________________________________________________________________________________.

21 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 6
Unit - 6 Light
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Ps.01 Describe reflection at a plane surface and use the law of reflection.

8Ps.02 Describe refraction of light at the boundary between air and glass or air and
water in terms of change of speed.

8Ps.03 Know that white light is made of many colours and this can be shown through the
dispersion of white light, using a prism.

8Ps.04 Describe how colours of light can be added, subtracted, absorbed and reflected

1.Label the diagram showing the reflection of light by a mirror. Choose words from.

angle of incidence angle of reflection

normal
incident ray reflected ray

2. Class 9 learn about coloured light. Their teacher tells them about colour addition.
She gives them a diagram showing equal amounts of the primary colours of light overlapping.
Label the diagram with the correct colours.

22 | P a g e
3. Jamila does an experiment with light. She does the experiment in a dark room. Here is the
apparatus she uses.

What does she see on the screen? Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4. Light is reflected from different surfaces.

a) What is the law of reflection? Complete the sentence.

The angle of reflection equals the angle of _______________________.

c) The reflections on rough and smooth surfaces are different. Write down one difference.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Yuri investigates light and coloured filters.

a) He shines white light through a red filter and then a green filter.

What is the colour of the light at A and at B?

______________________________________________________________________________________

23 | P a g e
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) He shines white light through a blue filter and then a cyan filter.

What is the colour of the light at A and at B?

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

24 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 7
Unit - 6 Light
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Ps.01 Describe reflection at a plane surface and use the law of reflection.

8Ps.02 Describe refraction of light at the boundary between air and glass or air and
water in terms of change of speed.

8Ps.03 Know that white light is made of many colours and this can be shown through the
dispersion of white light, using a prism.

8Ps.04 Describe how colours of light can be added, subtracted, absorbed and reflected

1. There are many objects in space.

a) Which object is a source of light? Circle the correct answer.

asteroid Earth Moon

planet star

c) Comets are not sources of light. Explain how we can see a comet even though it is not a
source of light.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. White light can be split into different colours by a glass prism.

a) Write down the name given to this splitting of white light.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) The white light is split into seven different colours. Complete the order of the seven colours.

red

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

25 | P a g e
yellow

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

blue

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

violet

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. The scientist Copernicus was born in 1473. At this time people thought that the Earth was the
centre of the universe. What did Copernicus think was the centre of the universe?

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4. Read the information about the Solar System.

• Earth is one of the eight major planets in the Solar System.

• Before 1554 the only known planets were Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.

• In 1608 the first simple telescope was invented by Lippershey.

• In 1781 Uranus was discovered by Herschel.

• In 1801 Piazzi discovered the first asteroid.

• Some time later a ring of asteroids was discovered in orbit between Mars and Jupiter. This is
called the asteroid belt.

• Asteroids vary in size and shape.

• In 1846 Neptune was discovered by Galle.

Use the information to help you to answer the questions.

a) Suggest why astronomers did not discover the asteroid belt until the early 1800s.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Circle the name of the scientist who discovered the first asteroid.

Galle Herschel Lippershey Piazzi

c)i) What are asteroids made of?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

26 | P a g e
ii) Why are asteroids not classified as planets?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Modern telescopes have a much larger magnification than the first telescopes. Suggest two
ways modern telescopes help to improve our knowledge of asteroids and the asteroid belt.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Light is reflected and refracted by water. The diagram shows some paths a ray of light may
take.

a) Which letter shows the reflected ray? Circle the correct answer.

A B C D E

b) The law of reflection is about the angle of incidence (i) and the angle of reflection (r).

Write down the law of reflection.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Which letter shows the refracted ray of light?

Circle the correct answer.

A B C D E

27 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 8
Unit - 6 Light
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8ESs.01 Describe a galaxy in terms of stellar dust and gas, stars and planetary systems.

8ESs.02 Describe asteroids as rocks, smaller than planets, and describe their formation
from rocks left over from the formation of a planetary system.

1. Look at the picture of a galaxy.

a) Write down two types of objects that make up a galaxy.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Write down the name of a piece of equipment scientists use to study galaxies.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Blessy does an experiment with light. She uses a single incident light ray and a curved glass
block.

a) What is happening to the ray of light as it goes from the air into the glass block?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

28 | P a g e
b) Why does this happen?

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3.The Milky Way contains a large number of stars and other matter. The diagram shows what
the Milky Way looks like from outer space.

a) What name is given to a large number of stars such as the Milky Way?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) The Milky Way contains stars and planets. Name one other type of matter found in the Milky
Way.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) The Sun is a star in the Milky Way. What name is given to the Sun and its orbiting planets?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4. Look at the diagram of the Solar System.

a) Write down the name of the objects labelled X in the diagram.

b) What are these objects made from?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

29 | P a g e
5. Name two objects that are found in all known galaxies.

______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

30 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 9
Unit - 6 Diet and Growth
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Bp.01 Identify the constituents of a balanced diet for humans as including protein,
carbohydrates, fats and oils, water, minerals (limited to calcium and iron) and vitamins
(limited to A, C and D), and describe the functions of these nutrients.

8Bp.02 Understand that carbohydrates and fats can be used as a store of energy in
animals, and animals consume food to obtain energy and nutrients.

8Bs.01 Identify ball-and-socket and hinge joints, and explain how antagonistic muscles
move the bones at a hinge joint.

8Bp.03 Discuss how human growth, development and health can be affected by
lifestyle, including diet and smoking.

1. Here is some information about a loaf of bread.

Component Amount per 100 g of bread

energy 970 kJ

protein 8.0 g

carbohydrate 51 g

fat 1.7 g

dietery fibre 3.5 g

salt 1.4 g

a) Why does the body need a supply of protein?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) The total mass of protein, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fibre and salt in the table does not add

up to 100 g. What substance makes up the remaining mass of bread?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) i) Calculate the amount of energy provided by 20 g of bread.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

31 | P a g e
ii)Which component in the bread provides most of this energy?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

d) Rajiv eats 50 g of bread. This provides 5% of his recommended daily amount (RDA) of protein.

What is Rajiv’s RDA of protein?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Akio eats some peanuts.

a) He looks at the back of this peanut packet. It shows some of the nutrients do not add up to
100 g of peanuts.

i) These two nutrients do not add up to 100g. Name one other nutrient group found in peanuts.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Peanuts are a good source of protein. What is the main use of protein in the body?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

iii) Protein is a large complex molecule. It must be broken down into simpler chemicals. Where
in the body is protein broken down?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Akio looks at the other information on the packet.

The GDA is the Guideline Daily Amount.

i) Akio must be careful about the amount of peanuts he eats each day. Give two reasons why.
______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

32 | P a g e
ii)Iron is essential for human health. Name one other food rich in iron.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
iii) What is the main effect of iron deficiency?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3.The growth rates of babies are checked regularly using growth charts.

a) This growth chart measures the height of a healthy baby boy. What other measurement of
the baby boy could be used to draw a growth chart?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
b) Why is it important that doctors use growth charts?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
c) A baby boy was 55 cm at birth. He has a poor diet and is malnourished (is not fed enough).
Draw a line on the growth chart to show the growth of this baby boy.

4.The diagram shows some of the cells from the lining of the windpipe (trachea).

a) Write down the function of the cilia.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) What effect does cigarette smoke have on cilia?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Name the addictive substance in cigarette smoke.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Foods contain a mixture of different constituents. The table shows the masses of different
constituents and the energy content in 100g of some foods.

33 | P a g e
food mass of mass of fat in g mass of vitamin energy content
carbohydrates in C in mg in kJ
g
bread 47 3 0 1030
butter 0 81 0 3010
raw potato 18 0 20 340

a) The masses of the constituents in each food do not add up to 100g. Name one other
constituent present in each of the foods.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Use the information from the table to answer these questions.

i) Which constituent in butter provides the most energy?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii)Which constituent in bread provides the most energy?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Cooked potato contains much less vitamin C than raw potato.Suggest why.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

34 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 10
Unit - 6 Diet and Growth
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Bp.01 Identify the constituents of a balanced diet for humans as including protein,
carbohydrates, fats and oils, water, minerals (limited to calcium and iron) and vitamins
(limited to A, C and D), and describe the functions of these nutrients.

8Bp.02 Understand that carbohydrates and fats can be used as a store of energy in
animals, and animals consume food to obtain energy and nutrients.

8Bs.01 Identify ball-and-socket and hinge joints, and explain how antagonistic muscles
move the bones at a hinge joint.

8Bp.03 Discuss how human growth, development and health can be affected by
lifestyle, including diet and smoking.

1. A scientist called Frederick Gowland Hopkins studied the growth of newborn rats.
He used two groups of rats, group A and group B.
 Group A rats were fed on a simple diet with milk.
 Group B rats were fed on a simple diet without milk.
After 18 days he changed the diets so only group B got the milk. The results of this experiment
are shown in the graph.

Describe the patterns shown by the graph between

a) Day 0 to day 18
Group A
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
Group B
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
b) day 18 to day 50
Group A
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

35 | P a g e
Group B
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. People are concerned that increased global warming is causing climate change.
Evidence for increased global warming includes:
 the increase in the rate of melting of glaciers and polar ice caps.
 a rise in mean sea levels
a) Explain why it is important to keep records of data over a period of time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Satellites have sensors that can accurately measure the height of the sea. They can also
take detailed photographs of the surface of the Earth.
i) Suggest one reason why it is important to make a large number of observations of the Earth.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Give one reason why it is important to make accurate and detailed observations over time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Draw a line from each nutrient to its correct function.

Nutrient Function
protein Good eyesight
fat source of energy
vitamin A growth and repair
calcium strong teeth and bones

4. The table shows information about four different adults who play sports.
The adults are the same age and the same height.

Adults physical activity level do they smoke?

W low no

X high no

Y high yes

Z low yes

a) i) Which adult, W, X, Y or Z, is most likely to have health problems?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) The four adults test their fitness by exercising.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

36 | P a g e
After exercising, they measure their pulse rate. What do they do to make the test fair?
Tick () the correct answer.
two adults run and two adults walk for 5 minutes

use a ruler to measure distance

all four adults run at the same speed for 1 minute

repeat the exercise four times

b) i) Adult Y takes a vitamin A tablet every morning. What is the function of vitamin A?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii)Adult Z eats a diet that has a very high fat content. Write down one health problem caused
by this type of diet.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Pierre plays a sport called rugby. To keep fit he eats a special diet and exercises often.

a) To improve his strength, Pierre eats lots of chicken.

i) Name the main nutrient present in chicken.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii)Explain how this nutrient improves Pierre's strength.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) To prepare for a game of rugby, Pierre eats lots of starchy foods such as pasta.
Explain why it is important for Pierre to eat starchy food before a strenuous game of rugby.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

37 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 11
Unit - 6 Diet and Growth
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Bp.01 Identify the constituents of a balanced diet for humans as including protein,
carbohydrates, fats and oils, water, minerals (limited to calcium and iron) and vitamins
(limited to A, C and D), and describe the functions of these nutrients.

8Bp.02 Understand that carbohydrates and fats can be used as a store of energy in
animals, and animals consume food to obtain energy and nutrients.

8Bs.01 Identify ball-and-socket and hinge joints, and explain how antagonistic muscles
move the bones at a hinge joint.

8Bp.03 Discuss how human growth, development and health can be affected by
lifestyle, including diet and smoking.

1. Angelique and her friends are planning a party. They want to prepare food that will be part
of a healthy, balanced diet. They find this information on the internet.

You should also drink 6-8 glasses of fluid (including water, weak tea and soup) every day.
a) The information states that a person should eat mostly cereals and whole grains.
i) Which group of nutrients is provided by cereals and whole grains?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii)Why do we need these nutrients?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

38 | P a g e
b)People are advised to eat more fruit and vegetables in their diet. This helps to prevent them
from developing deficiency diseases such as scurvy and rickets. Name the group of nutrients
which helps to prevent these deficiency diseases.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Eating too much fat and oil can lead to health problems. State one harmful result of eating
too much fat and oil.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. The graph shows how smoking during pregnancy affects the birth mass of babies.

Complete the sentence.

a) As the number of cigarettes smoked each day during pregnancy increases, the birth mass of
a baby
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b)What advice would you give to a pregnant woman who smokes?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3a) The diagram shows a sandwich.

The sandwich consists of layers of meat, lettuce and butter placed between slices of bread.
a) Draw a line from each food item in the sandwich to the main type of nutrient it contains.
food item main types of nutrient
meat carbohydrate
bread fat
lettuce protein
butter roughage(fibre)

39 | P a g e
b)The sandwich provides many of the ingredients of a balanced diet. What is meant by the
term balanced diet?
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4a) Scientists have found evidence which shows that smoking tobacco increases the risk of
developing serious diseases.
a) The graph shows the percentage of people who smoked cigarettes between 1974 and 2006.

Describe two patterns shown by the data.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Smoking cigarettes increases the risk of getting lung cancer. Doctors predict that there will
be fewer cases of lung cancer in the future. Use information from the graph in part (a) to
suggest a reason for this prediction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5a) Adult Y takes a vitamin A tablet every morning. What is the function of vitamin A?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b)Adult Z eats a diet that has a very high fat content. Write down one health problem caused
by this type of diet.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

40 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 12
Unit - 7 Chemical Reactions
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Cc.03 Describe the reactivity of metals (limited to sodium, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, gold and silver) with oxygen, water and dilute acids.

8Cc.01 Use word equations to describe reactions.

8Cc.04 Know that reactions do not always lead to a single pure product and that
sometimes a reaction will produce an impure mixture of products.

8Cc.06 Understand that some substances are generally unreactive and can be
described as inert.

1. Look at the table showing the reactions of some metals with cold water and with dilute
hydrochloric acid.
metal reaction with cold water reaction with dilute
hydrochloric acid
A no reaction no reaction
B floats on water, reacts quickly floats on acid, reacts very
and gives off a gas quickly and gives off a gas
C reacts slowly and gives off a reacts quickly and gives off a
gas gas
D no reaction reacts slowly and gives off a
gas

Look at this list of metals.

calcium gold
magnesium sodium zinc

a) Identify the metals A, B, C and D.

Choose from the list.
Metal A is
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
Metal B is
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
Metal C is
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

41 | P a g e
Metal D is
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b)Write down the name of the gas made when metals B and C react with water.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Blessy reacts two solutions together.

She notices that the temperature increases during the reaction.

a) Write down the name of the type of reaction that gives an increase in temperature.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Blessy repeats her experiment with different solutions. She measures the temperature at the
start and at the end of each reaction.
Look at her results.
reaction Temperature at start in 0C Temperature at end in 0C
A 20 41
B 18 38
C 15 40

Reaction C gives out the most energy. Explain how you can tell from the results.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3.Carlos investigates the reaction of metal powders with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Look at his equipment.

Carlos measures the time it takes to collect 100 cm' of hydrogen in the gas syringe.
Carlos does four experiments. Each time he uses a different metal powder.
He makes certain the experiments are fair.

42 | P a g e
a) Describe two ways that Carlos makes his experiments fair.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Look at his results.

i) Look at the result for iron. How many seconds does it take to collect 100 cm' of hydrogen?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii)Which metal reacts the fastest with dilute hydrochloric acid?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c)Zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. Zinc chloride and hydrogen are made. Write a word
equation for this reaction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

d)Gold does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid.Which word describes substances that are
unreactive?
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4.The chart shows part of the reactivity series of metals.

43 | P a g e
Many metals react with oxygen and water.
a) Magnesium reacts with oxygen to make magnesium oxide. Write the word equation for this
reaction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Gold is unreactive and does not react with oxygen. Explain why.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Calcium reacts with cold water. Write down the names of the two substances made in this
reaction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Blessy reacts each of the metals calcium, magnesium and iron with dilute hydrochloric acid.
She wants to find out which reaction releases the most heat.

a) Blessy decides to use 20 cm 3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and 0.1 g of each metal. Explain why
she uses the same volume of dilute hydrochloric acid each time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) What measurements does Blessy take to find out which reaction releases the most heat?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

44 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 13
Unit - 7 Chemical Reactions
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Cc.03 Describe the reactivity of metals (limited to sodium, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, gold and silver) with oxygen, water and dilute acids.

8Cc.01 Use word equations to describe reactions.

8Cc.04 Know that reactions do not always lead to a single pure product and that
sometimes a reaction will produce an impure mixture of products.

8Cc.06 Understand that some substances are generally unreactive and can be
described as inert.

1.Ahmed investigates the energy changes when some chemicals are mixed.

He measures the temperature at the start and at the end of each reaction.
Look at his results.
Mixture Temperature at start Temperature at end type of reaction
0 0
in C in C
A 18 26 exothermic
B 18 18
C 19 10

a) The reaction in mixture A is exothermic. Explain how you can tell.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) What type of reaction is reaction C?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Mixture B involves substances that are unreactive.What word describes substances that are
unreactive? Circle the correct answer.

45 | P a g e
 metals non-metals
inert explosive

2. Chen investigates rusting.

o He puts distilled water into four beakers.
o He adds different amounts of salt to three of the beakers.
o He puts one iron nail into each beaker.

After one week Chen records his observations.

amount of salt added in g observation

0 small amount of rust
1 most of the nail in the water is rusty
2 all of the nail in the water is rusty
3 all of the nail in the water is very rusty

a) i) Which variable is Chen changing in his investigation?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Write down one variable Chen needs to control.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

iii) What conclusion can Chen make from his investigation?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) i) Which element dissolved in the water reacts with iron during rusting?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Chen sets up another beaker. This time he puts the iron nail in without any water.
He then seals the top of the beaker. Explain why the iron nail in this beaker does not rust.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Calcium carbonate is heated strongly. Calcium oxide and carbon dioxide are formed.
Write the word equation for this reaction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

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4.Rusting is an example of a chemical reaction that is not useful.
a) Mia uses thate timentions needed for iron nais to rust.

i) In which boiling tube will the nail go rusty?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Complete the equation to describe this reaction. Choose words from the list.

aluminium carbon dioxide

iron oxygen water

b)Describe two things Mia could do to iron to stop it from rusting.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Write a word equation when carbon and oxygen reacts together they form carbon dioxide.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

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Practice Sheet- 14
Unit - 7 Chemical Reactions
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Cc.03 Describe the reactivity of metals (limited to sodium, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, gold and silver) with oxygen, water and dilute acids.

8Cc.01 Use word equations to describe reactions.

8Cc.04 Know that reactions do not always lead to a single pure product and that
sometimes a reaction will produce an impure mixture of products.

8Cc.06 Understand that some substances are generally unreactive and can be
described as inert.

1. Elements react to form compounds. Complete the three word equations.

2. The diagram shows some of the metals in the reactivity series.

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a) Iron reacts with dilute acid but not cold water. Write down one metal that reacts with both
dilute acid and cold water. Choose your answer from the list in the diagram.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Copper reacts with silver nitrate but not with lead nitrate. Explain why.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) When copper reacts with silver nitrate two products are made. Write down the names of
these two products.
__________________________and__________________________.

3.Yuri investigates the reaction of metals with acids. He adds different metals to dilute
hydrochloric acid. The diagram shows his results.

a) Complete the column heading and table to show Yuri’s results.

metal _______________________________
A 0
B 6
C _______________________________
D _______________________________

b) Describe how Yuri could improve his method to find the volume of gas produced.
Tick the box next to the correct method.

collect the gas in a measuring cylinder

collect the gas in a test tube

repeat the experiment the same way

use a smaller piece of metal

c) Yuri repeats his experiment using more concentrated acid.

Yuri makes this prediction.

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Is Yuri’s prediction supported by his results?
yes or no
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

4.When lithium is added to water it forms lithium hydroxide and a gas.

a) Complete the word equation for the reaction between lithium and water.

b) The chemical symbol for lithium is Li. The formula for water is H2O. The formula for lithium
hydroxide is LiOH. Which of these substances is an element?
Choose from lithium, water or lithium hydroxide.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Lithium is in Group 1 of the Periodic Table. The diagram shows some of the elements in
Group 1 of the Periodic Table.

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Describe how the reactivity of the Group 1 metals changes as you go down the group.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Chen investigates displacement reactions.

a) Chen adds iron to copper sulfate solution in a test-tube. A reaction takes place. Copper and
iron sulfate are made. Complete the word equation for this reaction.

b) Chen repeats his method with some other metals and metal salt solutions.
Here are his results.

metal metal salt solution does it react?

copper zinc sulfate no
copper iron sulfate no
iron copper sulfate yes
iron zinc sulfate no
zinc copper sulfate yes
zinc iron sulfate yes

Put these metals in order of reactivity, starting with the most reactive.
copper
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

iron
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

zinc
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

51 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 15
Unit - 7 Chemical Reactions
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Cc.03 Describe the reactivity of metals (limited to sodium, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, gold and silver) with oxygen, water and dilute acids.

8Cc.01 Use word equations to describe reactions.

8Cc.04 Know that reactions do not always lead to a single pure product and that
sometimes a reaction will produce an impure mixture of products.

8Cc.06 Understand that some substances are generally unreactive and can be
described as inert.

1. Reactions between metals and non-metals form compounds.

a) Sulfur reacts with metals to form a type of compound called a sulfide. Complete the table to
show the type of compound formed by different non-metals. One has been done for you.

non metal type of compound

chlorine
oxygen
sulfur sulfide

b) Iron reacts with a compound and oxygen to form rust. What is the name of this compound?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Youssef and Blessy investigate the reaction of metals with dilute hydrochloric acid. They put
10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid into four test-tubes. They then add 0.1g of a different metal to each
test-tube. Youssef and Blessy measure the time it takes for the metal to react completely.
This is the reaction time.
metal reaction time in s
calcium 15
iron 290
magnesium 23
zinc 230
The table shows their results.

a) Put the metals in the table in order of reactivity.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b)Write the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.

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c) Youssef and Blessy wear safety glasses during the investigation. Explain why
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Complete the table about the reactivity of metals.

4. Mia investigates an endothermic reaction. She adds sodium carbonate to dilute ethanoic
acid.
a) The temperature of the dilute ethanoic acid at the start is 20 °C. What will happen to the
temperature when the sodium carbonate is added?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) When sodium carbonate reacts with dilute ethanoic acid a salt is made. A gas and a liquid
are also made. Which gas and liquid are made when carbonates react with acids?
gas
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

liquid
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Chen investigates the reaction of acids with metals. He puts hydrochloric acid into four test-
tubes. Chen then adds a different metal powder to each tube. The diagram shows his results.

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Chen counts the bubbles formed in the reaction and records his results in a table.

tube name of ______________________

metal
1 iron 6
2 copper 0
3 zinc ______________________
4 tin 3

a) Chen has missed one of the headings in the table. Complete the table by writing in the
missing heading.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Chen has not recorded the result for zinc. Complete the table by writing in the result for zinc.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Write down the metals in order of reactivity.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

d) The bubbles are made of a gas. What is the name of the gas that forms when metals react
with acids?
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

e) Chen uses hydrochloric acid in his investigation.

What is the name of the salt formed when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

54 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 16
Unit - 8 Magnetism
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Pe.01 Describe a magnetic field, and understand that it surrounds a magnet and exerts
a force on other magnetic fields.

8ESp.01 Know that the reason the Earth has a magnetic field is that the core acts as a
magnet.

8Pe.02 Describe how to make an electromagnet and know that electromagnets have
many applications.

8Pe.03 Investigate factors that change the strength of an electromagnet.

1. Lily makes an electromagnet as shown.

Lily uses the electromagnet to pick up paper clips.

a) Lily predicts: “Increasing the number of turns of wire around the iron rod will make it
stronger.” This prediction does not explain what is stronger. Complete the sentence to explain
what is stronger.
Increasing the number of turns of wire around the iron rod will make
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Lily does the investigation. Look at her results.

number of turns number of paper clips picked

up
2 0
4 2
6 4
8 5

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Is Lily’s prediction correct? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Ring magnets have a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).

Gabriella has a toy that uses ring magnets.

a) She puts four of these ring magnets on the toy.

Explain why there are gaps between the magnets.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) She puts the four ring magnets on the toy in a different way.

Explain why there are no gaps between the magnets.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Magnets have a North pole (N) and a South pole (S).

a) Draw one arrow ( →) on each magnet to show the direction of the force. The arrows for the

top two magnets have been done for you.

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b)There are magnetic field patterns around a bar magnet. The diagram shows one magnetic
field line.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

i) Draw an arrow on the field line to show the direction of the magnetic field.

ii) Draw another two field lines with arrows on the diagram.

4. The diagram shows a magnet A and its magnetic field.

a) What do the letters N and S indicate?

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Choose the magnetic materials from the list. Tick two boxes.
wood

aluminium

iron

gold

steel
57 | P a g e
copper

c) Another magnet B is placed close to magnet A as shown in the diagram.

State how the two magnets will affect each other.

5.a) The diagram shows a magnet being brought close to a piece of steel.

The piece of steel is repelled by the magnet. Is this piece of steel a magnet? Explain your
answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b)The diagram shows the magnetic field pattern around a magnet.

Complete the diagram by drawing the magnetic field pattern between the two magnets.

58 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 17
Unit - 8 Magnetism
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Pe.01 Describe a magnetic field, and understand that it surrounds a magnet and exerts
a force on other magnetic fields.

8ESp.01 Know that the reason the Earth has a magnetic field is that the core acts as a
magnet.

8Pe.02 Describe how to make an electromagnet and know that electromagnets have
many applications.

8Pe.03 Investigate factors that change the strength of an electromagnet.

1. Pierre makes an electromagnet.

Pierre wants to make a stronger electromagnet. What does he do? Circle the two correct
answers.

add another cell add another switch add more coils to the insulated wire

change the iron nail to a wooden pencil remove the iron nail remove the switch

turn the cell around

2. Ring magnets have a north pole (N) and a south pole (S)

Gabriella has a toy made of ring magnets. She puts four ring magnets on the toy. There are
gaps between the magnets

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Complete the missing labels in the boxes on the diagram. Use N for a north pole. Use S for a
south pole. The first one has been done for you.

3. Complete the sentence. Choose from the list.

both the south pole and the north pole neither pole only the north pole
only the south pole

An iron nail is attracted to _______________________________of a magnet.

4.The diagram shows the magnetic field around a bar magnet.

The bar magnet is turned through 180°. Draw the magnetic field and arrows around this bar
magnet.

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5.This question is about magnetic field lines.
a) The north pole of one bar magnet attracts the south pole of another bar magnet.Look at the
diagram. It shows two bar magnets. Draw two magnetic field lines between the magnets.
Include the arrows.

b) The north pole of one bar magnet repels the north pole of another bar magnet. Look at the
diagram. It shows two bar magnets. Draw two magnetic field lines between the two magnets.
Include the arrows.

61 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 18
Unit - 8 Magnetism
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Pe.01 Describe a magnetic field, and understand that it surrounds a magnet and exerts
a force on other magnetic fields.

8ESp.01 Know that the reason the Earth has a magnetic field is that the core acts as a
magnet.

8Pe.02 Describe how to make an electromagnet and know that electromagnets have
many applications.

8Pe.03 Investigate factors that change the strength of an electromagnet.

1.This question is about magnets.

a) On the diagram of the bar magnet, complete the two magnetic field lines shown.

b) Jamila makes an electromagnet. Look at the diagram for her electromagnet.

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The electromagnet attracts steel paperclips. Jamila wants to make her electromagnet stronger.

Write down two ways she can make her electromagnet stronger.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

2.Pierre makes an electromagnet.

a) Write down the material Pierre uses to make the core.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Increasing the number of turns of wire around the core makes the electromagnet stronger.
Write down one other change Pierre makes to increase the strength of his electromagnet.
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3.Lily uses this equipment to make an electromagnet.

a) Describe how Lily makes an electromagnet.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Which of these changes increase the strength of her electromagnet? Tick (✓) the two correct
answers.

cover the copper wire in plastic

use a non metal for the wire

use two batteries

remove the iron nail

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increase the current

connect the equipment for a shorter time

4. Angelique puts two magnets near each other.

a) Look at what happens.

Explain what is happening in this diagram.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) Angelique puts the two magnets near each other again.

Explain what is happening in this diagram.

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

5.Alisa makes an electromagnet.

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She uses the electromagnet to attract steel paper clips. Here are the 20 paper clips she uses.

Alisa changes the number of turns of wire around the nail. She writes down how many paper
clips are attracted together, in a chain, at the point of the nail.
a) i) What do you predict will happen?
As the number of turns of the wire increases, the number of paper clips attracted will
_______________________________________________________________________________________.

ii) Why do you think this will happen?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

65 | P a g e
Practice Sheet- 19
Unit - 8 Magnetism
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

8Pe.01 Describe a magnetic field, and understand that it surrounds a magnet and exerts
a force on other magnetic fields.

8ESp.01 Know that the reason the Earth has a magnetic field is that the core acts as a
magnet.

8Pe.02 Describe how to make an electromagnet and know that electromagnets have
many applications.

8Pe.03 Investigate factors that change the strength of an electromagnet.

1. Foram sets up the equipment as shown in the diagram.

The iron bar attracts steel paper clips when the power supply is switched on. The iron bar and
the coil of wire is an electromagnet. Foram changes the voltage on the power supply. He
records the number of paper clips attracted each time.
a) Here are Foram’s results.

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On the graph, circle the result that is an anomaly.

b) Foram repeats this experiment using new paper clips made from a different metal.
The equipment was working but did not pick up any of the new paper clips.
Suggest one reason for this.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

c) Foram discovers that the electromagnet creates a magnetic field like a bar magnet.
Draw the magnetic field pattern for this electromagnet on the diagram below.
Include:
• at least two field lines
• a direction arrow on at least one field line.

2. Ring magnets have a north pole, N, and a south pole, S. Chen has a toy made with four ring
magnets.

a) Chen wants to use the four ring magnets to make the pattern in the diagram.

Explain how he does this. Use ideas about north poles and south poles.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

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a) Chen now wants to use the four ring magnets to make a different pattern.

Explain how he does this. Use ideas about north poles and south poles.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Carlos puts plotting compasses around a magnet.

a) Look at the plotting compasses. Describe what the plotting compasses show.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

b) The magnet is in the middle of the plotting compasses. Which diagram shows the position of
the poles of the magnet? Circle the correct answer.

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4. Draw the structure of an electromagnet.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Describe the properties of magnetic field lines.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________.

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