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What Is A Logic Gate? Logic Gate: Boolean Algebra

A logic gate is an electronic circuit that performs logical operations in digital systems, using components like diodes and transistors. The three basic types of logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT, each with specific input-output relationships defined by Boolean algebra. Logic gates are fundamental building blocks of digital circuits, found in devices like computers and smartphones.

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Mohitha Ram Jayaraman
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4 views5 pages

What Is A Logic Gate? Logic Gate: Boolean Algebra

A logic gate is an electronic circuit that performs logical operations in digital systems, using components like diodes and transistors. The three basic types of logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT, each with specific input-output relationships defined by Boolean algebra. Logic gates are fundamental building blocks of digital circuits, found in devices like computers and smartphones.

Uploaded by

Mohitha Ram Jayaraman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a Logic Gate?

A logic gate is an electronic circuit designed by using electronic components


like diodes, transistors, resistors, and more. As the name implies, a logic gate is
designed to perform logical operations in digital systems like computers,
communication systems, etc.
Therefore, we can say that the building blocks of a digital circuit are logic gates,
which execute numerous logical operations that are required by any digital
circuit. A logic gate can take two or more inputs but only produce one
output. The output of a logic gate depends on the combination of inputs and
the logical operation that the logic gate performs.
Logic gates use Boolean algebra to execute logical processes. Logic gates are
found in nearly every digital gadget we use on a regular basis. Logic gates are
used in the architecture of our telephones, laptops, tablets, and memory
devices.
Types of Logic Gates
A logic gate is a digital gate that allows data to be manipulated. Logic gates, use
logic to determine whether or not to pass a signal. Logic gates, on the other
hand, govern the flow of information based on a set of rules.
Basic Logic Gates
There are three basic logic gates:
1. AND Gate
2. OR Gate
3. NOT Gate
AND Gate
In digital electronics, the AND gate is one of the basic logic gate that
performs the logical multiplication of inputs applied to it. It generates a high
or logic 1 output, only when all the inputs applied to it are high or logic 1.
Otherwise, the output of the AND gate is low or logic 0.
Properties of AND Gate:
The following are two main properties of the AND gate:
 AND gate can accept two or more than two input values at a time.
 When all of the inputs are logic 1, the output of this gate is logic 1.
The operation of an AND gate is described by a mathematical expression,
which is called the Boolean expression of the AND gate.
For two-input AND gate, the Boolean expression is given by,

Where, A and B are inputs to the AND gate, while Z denotes the output of
the AND gate.
Truth Table of AND Gate:
The truth table of a two input AND gate is given below:

Symbol of AND Gate:


The logic symbol of a two input AND gate is shown in the following figure.

Symbol of Two-Input AND Gate


OR Gate
In digital electronics, there is a type of basic logic gate which produces a low
or logic 0 output only when its all inputs are low or logic 0. For all other
input combinations, the output of the OR gate is high or logic 1. This logic
gate is termed as OR gate. An OR gate can be designed to have two or more
inputs but only one output. The primary function of the OR gate is to
perform the logical sum operation.
Properties of OR Gate:
An OR gate have the following two properties:
 It can have two or more input lines at a time.
 When all of the inputs to the OR gate are low or logic 0, the output of it
is low or logic 0.
The operation of an OR gate can be mathematically described through a
mathematical expression called Boolean expression of the OR gate.
The boolean expression for a two input OR gate is given by,
Z=A+B
The boolean expression for a three-input OR gate is,
Z=A+B+C
Here, A, B, and C are inputs and Z is the output variables. We can extend
this boolean expression to any number of input variables.
Truth Table of OR Gate:
The truth table of an OR gate describes the relationship between inputs and
output. The following is the truth table for the two-input OR gate:
Symbol of OR Gate:
The logic symbol of a two-input OR gate is shown in the following figure.

Symbol of Two-Input OR Gate


NOT Gate
In digital electronics, the NOT gate is another basic logic gate used to
perform complement of an input signal applied to it. It takes only one input
and one output. The output of the NOT gate is complement of the input
applied to it. Therefore, if we apply a low or logic 0 output to the NOT gate
is gives a high or logic 1 output and vice-versa. The NOT gate is also known
as inverter, as it performs the inversion operation.
Properties of NOT Gate:
 The output of a NOT gate is complement or inverse of the input applied
to it.
 NOT gate takes only one output.
The logical operation of the NOT gate is described by its boolean expression,
which is given below.
The bar over the input variable A represents the inversion operation.
Truth Table of OR Gate:
The truth table describes the relationship between input and output. The
following is the truth table for the NOT gate:

Symbol of NOT Gate


The logic circuit symbol of a NOT gate is shown in the following figure. Here,
A is the input line and Z is the output line.

Symbol of NOT the Gate

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