Scribd
Upload
16 views2 pages

Cells Structure and Function-1

The video transcript provides an overview of cell structure and function, highlighting that all cells share three common components: a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. It distinguishes between eukaryotic cells, which are complex and contain organelles like the nucleus, and prokaryotic cells, which are simpler and lack a nucleus. The transcript also explains various organelles and their functions, such as ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in plant cells.

Uploaded by

ouedraogohardi8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views2 pages

Cells Structure and Function-1

The video transcript provides an overview of cell structure and function, highlighting that all cells share three common components: a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. It distinguishes between eukaryotic cells, which are complex and contain organelles like the nucleus, and prokaryotic cells, which are simpler and lack a nucleus. The transcript also explains various organelles and their functions, such as ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in plant cells.

Uploaded by

ouedraogohardi8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Transcript of the video “Overview of Cell Structure and

Function”
“ Cells are the smallest unit of an organism. All cell have
three things in common no matter what type of cells they are. All
cells have a cell membrane which separates the inside of the cell
from the environment. Cytoplasm which is a jelly-like fluid and DNA
which is the cell’s genetic material. There are two broad categories
of cells: the first category is Eukaryotic cells. They have organelles
which includes the nucleus and other special ones. Eukaryotic cells
are more vast complex cells such as those found in animals and
plants. The second category is Prokaryotic cells. They don’t have
nucleus or membrane - enclosed organelles. They do have genetic
material but it is not contained within a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells
are always one cell or unicellular organism such as bacteria.
What are organelles?
Organelles means “little organ”. Organelles are
specialized part of the cell that have unique jobs to perform. Let’s
start with the nucleus, the control center of the cell. The nucleus
contains DNA or genetic material. DNA dictates what the cell is
going to do and how it is going to do it. Chromatin is the tangled
spread out form of DNA aside the nuclear membrane. When a cell is
ready to divide, DNA condenses in the structure known as
chromosomes. The nucleus also contains a nucleus which is the
structure where ribosomes are made. After ribosomes leave the
nucleus, they will have the important job of synthesizing or making
proteins. Outside the nucleus, the ribosome and the rest of the
organelles flow around the cytoplasm which is the jelly-like
substance. Ribosome may wander freely within the cytoplasm or
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum sometimes abbreviated as
“rER” there ae two types of “rER”. Rough “rER” as ribosome
attached to it and smooth “ER”, does not have ribosome attached to
it. The endoplasm reticulum is a membrane - enclosed pathway for
transporting material such as proteins synthesized by ribosomes.
Proteins and other materials emerge from the endoplasm reticulum
in small vesicles where the Golgi apparatus (Golgi body) receives
them. As proteins move through the Golgi body, they customized in
the form that the cell can use.
The Golgi body does this by boarding the proteins into
usable share or adding other material into them such as lipids or
carbohydrates. Vacuoles are sacless structures that store different
materials. Here in this plant cell, the central vacuole stores water.
Going back to the animal cell you will see an organelle called
lysosome. Lysosome are the garbage collectors that take in damage
or worn out cell parts. They are filled with enzymes that break down
the cellular debris. The mitochondrion is an organelle that is a
power house for both animal and plant cells. During the process
called cellular respiration. The mitochondrion make ATP molecules
that provide the energy for all the cell’s activities. Cells that need
energy have more mitochondrion. Meanwhile, the cell maintains its
shape through a cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton includes straight like
microfilaments which are made of proteins and microtubules which
are thin holed tubes. Some organisms such as plants that are
phototropic order, meaning they capture sunlight for energy, have
cells with an organelle called the chloroplasm. The chloroplasm is
where photosynthesis happens.It is green because it has green
pigment called chlorophyll. Plant cells also have a cell wall outside
their membrane that shapes, supports and protects the plant cell.
Animal cell never have a cell wall.
There are many other unique structures that only some cell have.
Here are just a few. In humans for example, the respiratory track is
lined with cells that have celiac. These are microscopic air like
projections that can move and wave. These features helps trap and
heal particles in the air and expulses them when you cough. Another
unique feature in some cells have flagella. A flagella is like a little
tail that can help the cell move or propel itself. The only humans cell
that have a flagella is the sperm cell.
I summary remember: Eukaryotic cells are plant and animal cells
with a nucleus and membrane. Enclosed organelles. Prokaryotic
cells are unicellular organism without these things. All cell have a
cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material. And even though
only plant cells have chloroplasm, both plant and animal cells have
mitochondria. “

The video has been transcripted by Auguste Pierre BAZONGO


TESOL qualified, UMBC, USA.
00226 70966428 / 76636721

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy