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Capacitor 2

This project report focuses on the charging and discharging of a capacitor, highlighting its importance in electronic circuits. The objective is to understand the principles behind these processes, analyze voltage variations, and compare theoretical and experimental results. The report includes an introduction, theory, experimental setup, procedure, observations, and conclusions drawn from the experiments conducted.

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Rishi Tanwar
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14 views19 pages

Capacitor 2

This project report focuses on the charging and discharging of a capacitor, highlighting its importance in electronic circuits. The objective is to understand the principles behind these processes, analyze voltage variations, and compare theoretical and experimental results. The report includes an introduction, theory, experimental setup, procedure, observations, and conclusions drawn from the experiments conducted.

Uploaded by

Rishi Tanwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Project Report

Topics: Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor


Acknowledgment
I would like to express my gratitude to [Shweta
Mam] for providing me with the opportunity to work
on this project. I also extend my thanks to my family
and friends for their constant support during the
preparation of this project.
Certificate
This is to certify that [Rishi Tanwar], a student
of Class 12, has successfully completed the
project on "Charging and Discharging of a
Capacitor" under my guidance. This project is
submitted as a part of the curriculum for Class
12 Physics.

Signature of Teacher:
Signature of student:
Table of Contents

 Introduction
 Objective
 Theory
 Experimental setup
 Procedure
 Observation and Conclusion
 bibliography

Introduction

Capacitors are fundamental components in


electronic circuits. Their ability to store and
release energy makes them an essential part of
devices like cameras, radios, and even power
supplies. The process of charging and
discharging a capacitor demonstrates how
electrical energy is accumulated and dissipated.
Objective
The objective of this project is to:

1.) Understand the principles behind the charging and


discharging of a capacitor.
2.) Analyse the variation of voltage across the capacitor
with time.
3.) Plot the relevant graphs and compare theoretical
and experimental results.
Theory
A capacitor is an electrical device that
stores energy in the form of an electric
field. When connected to a power supply, it
charges up to the voltage of the supply.
During discharge, the stored energy flows
back into the circuit. The charging and
discharging process can be mathematically
modelled using exponential functions.
.) Charging: ( V(t) = Vi \times (1 -
e^{-t/RC}) )
.) Discharging: ( V(t) = Vi \times
e^{-t/RC} )
Where:

.) ( Vi ): Initial voltage
.) ( R ): Resistance in the circuit
.) ( C ): Capacitance
.) ( t ): Time
The time constant, ( \tau = RC ),
determines how quickly the capacitor
charges or discharges.
Experimental Setup

Materials Required:
1.) Capacitor
2.) Resistor
3.) DC power supply
4.) Connecting wires
5.) Led
6.) Switches
Procedure:

.) Assemble the circuit with a capacitor in


series with a resistor and connect it to the
power supply.

.) Disconnect the power supply and allow


the capacitor to discharge through the
resistor.
Observation:
 here we observe that capacitor charge
by the DC battery and discharged his
stored charge to LED.

Conclusion:
 we can conclude that capacitor has an
ability to store charges given to it and
release it which is also known as
capacitance.
Bibliography

 NCERT Physics Textbook for Class 12


 Fundamentals of Electric Circuits by Charles
Alexander

 Websites: HyperPhysics, Wikipedia

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