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SELF-LEARNING MODULE 1

GENERAL FORMAT IN WRITING A RESEARCHPAPER

(Action Research/Thesis/Dissertation)

INTRODUCTION-METHODS-RESULTS – and - DISCUSSION (IMRAD) FORMAT

I. REQUIREMENTS

1. PAPER. The paper must be of substance 20, letter size (8 ½ inches x 11 inches).

2. MARGINS. The margin must conform to the specifications given below and should
apply to all pages, including those with tables, figures photographs, charts, graphs
and illustrations.

SIDE MARGIN COMMENTS

Left 1 ½ inch This margin is wider to
allow space for binding.
This margin also applies
to horizontal tables and
figures.
Right 1 inch
Bottom 1 inch
Top 1 inch

3. TYPEFACE. Arial, twelve point throughout the manuscript must be used. All print
must appear on one side of a page with no print on the reverse side of any page.

4. INDENTION. Paragraphs should be intended approximately one-half (1/2) inch

from the left margin and it should be observed for paragraph indention throughout
the manuscript.

5. SPACING
5.1 SINGLE SPACING must be used for:
5.1.1 Quotations which are 4 lines or longer
5.1.2 Within individual references (double space between each different entry)
5.1.3 Long titles within the Table of Contents
5.1.4 Long titles within the List of Tables, List of Illustrations and List of Figures
5.1.5 Titles of tables and caption of figures
5.1.6 Long subheadings within text

5.2 DOUBLE SPACING must be used:

5.2.1 For all text documents
5.2.2 Between paragraphs
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5.2.3 Between each section heading and the first line of the text.

6. PAGINATION. All numbered pages that appear before the text are consecutively
numbered with lower-case Roman numerals. Beginning with the text, all remaining
pages (including illustrations, appendices, and references) are consecutively
numbered with Arabic numerals. The page number position must remain consistent
throughout the manuscript and remains the same even if tables or figures are
horizontal. The page numbers are flushed to the right margin.

For major heading pages and preliminary pages, page numbers must be places at
the bottom of the page, centered within the margins. Paginations in the table of
contents must accurately correspond to pagination in the next.
Pagination for Action Research, Thesis and Dissertation must follow this pattern:

SECTION PATTERN
Title Page Counted, not numbered
Approval Sheet Not counted, not numbered
Acknowledgement Counted, numbered
Dedication Page Counted, numbered
Abstract Counted, numbered
Abstract (succeeding pages) Not counted, not numbered
Table of Contents Counted, numbered
List of Tables Counted, numbered
List of Figures Counted, numbered
List of Illustrations Counted, numbered
Text Counted, numbered
References Counted, numbered
Appendices Counted, numbered
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II. PRESCRIBED PARTS OF A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Research Questions/ Hypotheses
Significance of the Study
Theoretical Background
Theoretical Framework/Conceptual Framework
Literature Review

METHODS
Research Design
Study Site and Participants
Population, sample size, sampling method
Instruments
Data Gathering Procedure
Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
A. Data Collection Instrument/s (Survey Questionnaire, Checklist, Forms, Interview
Guide)
B. Literature Matrices

III. PRESCRIBED PARTS OF A COMPLETE RESEARCH PAPER

TITLE PAGE
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APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DEDICATION
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Research Questions/ Hypotheses
Significance of the Study
Theoretical Background
Theoretical Framework/Conceptual Framework
Literature Review

METHODS
Research Design
Study Site and Participants
Population, sample size, sampling method
Instruments
Data Gathering Procedure
Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations

RESULTS

DISCUSSIONS
Conclusion
Recommendations

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - Approved Letter to Conduct Study
APPENDIX B - Approved Letter to Gather Data
APPENDIX C - Letter to the Respondents
APPENDIX D - Survey Questionnaire/Interview Guide
APPENDIX E - Other materials (please specify and properly labeled)
APPENDIX F – Curriculum Vitae
TITLE PAGE
Important:
 Margins: Top (2”); Left (1 ½); Right (1”) ; Bottom (1”)
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 Equal spacing between sections

STUDY HABITS AND ATTITUDES OF PRESENT FRESHMEN STUDENTS:

IMPLICATION FOR ACADEMIC INTERVENTION PROGRAMS

A Thesis (Thesis Proposal, Dissertation, Action Research)

Presented to
the Faculty of the Graduate School
University of La Salette, Inc
Santiago City, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Master of Arts in Education
Major in Educational Management

Juan dela Cruz

2017

APPROVAL SHEET
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This Action Research/Thesis/Dissertation entitled Study Habits and Attitudes of

Freshmen Students: Implication for Academic Intervention Programs prepared and submitted
by Juan dela Cruz has been approved and accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree Master of Arts in Education major in Educational Management.

______________________________
Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee of Oral Examination with a rating of Very Satisfactory on

March 20, 2017.

________________________________
Chairman

___________________________ _____________________________
Member Member

___________________________ _____________________________
Member Member

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Arts in
Education major in Educational Management.

REV. FR FRANKLIN G. PICIO, MS, PhD

University President

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
DEDICATION iii
ABSTRACT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ix

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Research Questions/ Hypotheses 5
Significance of the Study 6
Theoretical Background
Theoretical Framework/Conceptual Framework 7
Literature Review 10

METHODS
Research Design 20
Study Site and Participants 21
Population, sample size, sampling method 22
Instruments 24
Data Gathering Procedure 26
Data Analysis 29
Ethical Considerations 31

RESULTS 33

DISCUSSIONS 45
Conclusion 60
Recommendations 65

REFERENCES 68

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - Approved Letter to Conduct Study 75
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APPENDIX B - Approved Letter to Gather Data 76

APPENDIX C - Letter to the Respondents 77
APPENDIX D - Survey Questionnaire/Interview Guide 78
APPENDIX E - Other materials (properly labeled) 80
APPENDIX F - Curriculum Vitae 85

LIST OF TABLES/ FIGURES AND ILLUSTRATIONS

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Error Rates of Older and Younger Groups 11

2 Mean Amplitude Startle Response for Prelesion, Shamlesion 23

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Error Rates of Older and Younger Groups 15

2 Mean Amplitude Startle Response for Prelesion, Shamlesion 30

LIST OF ILLUSTRATION

Illustrations Page

1 Vicinity Map of Santiago City 9

2 Building Blueprint 34

ABSTRACT
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Name of Institution : University of La Salette, Inc – Graduate School

Address : Santiago City, Philippines

Title : Study Habits and Attitudes of Freshmen Students: Implication

for Academic Intervention Programs

Author : Juan dela Cruz

Degree : Master of Arts in Education

major in Educational Management

Date of Completion : March 2014

This study aimed to ascertain the impact of workplace spirituality towards

organizational commitment and job satisfaction of teachers in private Higher Education

Institutions. The employed normative survey method and mix sampling technique for the

purpose of the investigation. The researcher used self-constructed workplace questionnaire,

to measure the level of workplace spirituality, organizational commitment scale and job

satisfaction scale amongst private higher education institution teachers. This research utilized

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and linear

regression analysis to obtain the results. The study revealed that there was statistical

significant and positive relationship of workplace spirituality with organizational commitment

and job satisfaction and further revealed that there was a positive and significant impact of

workplace spirituality towards organizational commitment and job satisfaction amongst

teachers in private higher education institutions.

REFERENCES
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A. For Books (includes those in print and e-books)

Authors last name, first initial. (Publication date). Book title. Additional
Information. Place y of Publication: Publishing Company

Example:

One Author

Allen, T. (2019). Vanishing wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.: National

Geographic Society.

One Author with multiple works published in a year

Name, T. (2008a). Vanishing wildlife of north america. Washington, D.C: National

Geographic Society.

________(2008a). Introduction to research and research methods. New York:

Pearson Education, Inc.

________(2008b). Effective learning service. Toronto: SPLS Publishing Company.

Two Authors

Nicol, A.M., & Pexman, P.M.(2010). Presenting your findings: A practical guide for creating
tables. Washington, D.D.: American Psychological Association.

B.Journals (may include resources taken form magazines, newspaper, and the like
either in print or online)

Author, A. A., Author, B. B, & Author, C. C (year). Title of article. Title of Journal,
Volume number (issue number), inclusive pages

One Author

Williams, J. H. (2008). Employee engagement: Improving participation in safety. Professional

Safety, 53 (12), 40-45.

Two to Seven Authors (List all authors)

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Keller, T.E., Cusick, G. R., & Courtney, M.E. (2007). Approaching the transition of adulthood:
Distinctive profiles of adolescent aging out of the child welfare system. Social
Services Review, 81, 453-484.

Eight or More Authors (List all authors… and the last author)

Wolchi, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler I. N., Tein, J,-Y., Coastworth, D., Lengua, L.… Griffin, W.
A. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child
programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 68, 843-856.

C.Other Materials (all other resources that cannot be classified above)

Magazine and Newspaper Article

Mitchews, J., Berrett, D., & Brillman, D. (2005 May 16). Other winning equations. Newsweek,
145 (20), 58 -59.

Electronic Media and Online Resources (may include CDs taken from websites and the
like)

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article .Name of Journal, volume number (issue number,
inclusive pages. Retrieved month, day, year, from URL

Article Retrieved from an Online Database

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved month, day, year, form URL

Senior, B., & Swailes, S. (2007). Inside the management teams: Developing teamwork
survey instrument. British Journal of Management, 18, 138-153. Retrieved on March
22, 2005 from http://www.uiowa.edu/grpprc/crisp.6.12.htm

Online Report from a Nongovernment Organization

Kenney, G. M., Cook, A., &Peter, J. (2009). Prospects for reducing uninsured rates among
children: How much can premium assistance programs help? Retrieved on November
5, 2019 from http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=411823

REFERENCE CITATION IN TEXT

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APA utilizes a system of brief referencing in the text of a paper, whether one is
paraphrasing or providing a direct quotation from another author’s work. Citations in the text
usually consist of the name of the author(s) and the year of publication. The page number is
added when utilizing a direct quotation.

Indirect Quotation within parenthetical citation

Libraries historically high value intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality (LaRue,
2007).

Indirect Quotation with Author as part of the narrative

Larue (2007) identified intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality as two key
values held historically by libraries.

Direct Quotation with parenthetical citation

Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to express the other form of
interconnectedness-genealogical rather than ecological” (Gould& Brown, 1991, p.14).

Direct Quotation with Author as part of the narrative

Gould and Brown (1991) explained that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to
express the other form of interconnectedness-genealogical rather than ecological” (p.14)

CITING SECONDARY SOURCES

When citing in the text a work discussed in a secondary source, give both the primary
and the secondary sources. In the example below, the study by Seidenbert and McClelland
was mentioned in an article by Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller.

Seidenberg and McClelland’s study (as cited in Cothheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller,
1993) provided a glimpsed into the world.

In the reference, you would cite the secondary source you read not the original study.

Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P, & Haller, M. (1993). Modelsof reading aloud: Dual-route
and parallel-distributed-processing approaches. Psychological Review, 100-589-608.

APPENDIX A
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APPROVED LETTER TO CONDUCT STUDY

March 15, 2019

DR. SUSANA M. BAUTISTA

Acting Schools Division Superintendent
Schools Division of Calapan City
Oriental Mindoro

Madame:

Greetings!

I am Roque Fabellon Falible, School Principal II of Libertad National High School, and
Schools Division of Romblon. I am enrolled in the Doctor of Philosophy in Educational
Management and presently a dissertation. With this, I have the honor to request from your
good office to permit to conduct my dissertation proposal entitled, “School Heads’
Understanding and Application Competencies of National Competency –Based Standards:
Basis for a Proposed Development Program”.

Your approval will mean a lot for the completion of my doctorate study. Thank you very much
and may God bless your leadership.

Very truly yours,

(Sgd.)
ROQUE FABELLON FALIBLE

Noted:

(Sgd.)
ROMEO F. FAELDAN, Ed.D.
Adviser

APPENDIX B

APPROVED LETTER TO DISTRIBUTE QUESTIONNAIRE

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March 15, 2019

DR. SUSANA M. BAUTISTA

Acting Schools Division Superintendent
Schools Division of Calapan City
Oriental Mindoro

Madame:

Greetings in the name of quality education!

I am Roque Fabellon Falible, School Principal II of Libertad National High School, and
Schools Division of Romblon. I am now in the data gathering phase of my Dissertation
proposal entitled, “School Heads’ Understanding and Application Competencies of National
Competency –Based Standards: Basis for a Proposed Development Program” in the course
Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management. This proposal will comprehensively
analyze the school heads’ competence which will highly benefit out own DepEd – Romblon
Division.

With this I humbly and respectfully asking your approval to distribute the research instrument
to school heads who are my respondents. Attached are the sets of questionnaires for your
reference.

Thank you very much for your support in my professional development. God bless your
leadership.

Very truly yours,

(Sgd.)
ROQUE FABELLON FALIBLE

Noted:

(Sgd.)
ROMEO F. FAELDAN, Ed.D.
Adviser

APPENDIX F

CURRICULUM VITAE
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Place here
your passport
size colored-
photo (white
background)
Complete Name (First Name, Middle Initial, Family Name)
Complete Address
Contact Number
email - address

EDUCATION

 Arrange chronologically, from the most recent (include basic education)

 Indicate the year the degree was completed, complete title of the degree, granting
institutions (school)
 For completed thesis, indicate the title

SCHOLARSHIP, GRANTS AND AWARDS

 Include any scholarship, grants, and awards (academic, social, civic, religious, etc.),
received indicating the type of scholarship, grants, and awards, date and granting
institutions
 Arrange the awards received chronologically, from the most recent
 Be sure to spell out acronyms

LICENSES AND CERTIIFICATIONS

 List the licenses/certifications, including issuing agency and number if applicable

WORK EXPERIENCE

 Arrange chronologically, from the most recent

 Include the position/rank, institution, and year
 Brief description of responsibilities may be included

PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS

 Include here scholarly work that has been published in accredited or refereed journals
as well as researches presented in a forum
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 Include the year, title, journal, and event

For Example:

Publications:

Doe, Jane (2006). Testing Models of Self-Esteem Training in a High School Class of Boys
and Girls: Towards Developing Applied Techniques. Educational Psychology, 12,
514-520.

Presentations:

Doe, Jane (2006). False memory effects of an implicit memory task. Poster presented at the
Undergraduate Research Symposium at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS

 List any affiliations you are part of, your positions, inclusive dates.

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENTED

 Include seminars and trainings attended for the last five (5) years indicating the title,
organizer, place and date.
 Arrange chronologically, from the most recent