Chapter 2

Working of a Computer

Learning Objectives
After completing chapter, students will be able to:

 Know about the functions of computer

 Describe input, process, and output steps
 Tell about input, process and output devices

Let’s Connect
Write I for Input devices and O for Output.

Pic of keyboard Pic of monitor Pic of mouse Pic of printer

Students! You know computer follows instructions to do work. But have you
thought how computer work on the data and instructions?

A computer follows three basic steps to work.

 Input
The data, Instructions and commands given to the computer are called
Inputs.

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 For example,
To add two number, we will enter,

Here, 4 and 2 are data and + is an

4, 2, + instruction that is to be performed on
INPUT the data.

Know More

The raw facts and figures are called data.

 Process
A computer accepts, examines and calculates the result. This is called
processing.
For example,
The input Instruction will be processed on the input data.

4 + 2 =6 Here, + operation will be

Processing performed on 4 and 2
 Output
The result given by the computer after processing is called output.

For example

Processed information or result will appear on the monitor screen.

6 Here, result of 4 and 2 is 6.

Output

Let us take some daily life examples to understand the concept of IPO.

Example 1: Sharpening a pencil

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Blunt pencil in the Sharpening pencil
sharpener Sharped pencil

Opt. show blunt

Opt. Show
Opt. Give blunt pencil in the
sharped pencil
Pencil sharpener

Input Process
Output

Example 2: Making Banana shake

Milk, sugar and pieces of Mixing them together in Mangoshake

mango the mixer and pouring the
shake in the glass

Opt. show pieces Opt. Show all the Opt. show

of banana in a item in the mixer banana shake in
plate and Milk grinder the glass
and sugar
Process
Input
Output

Example 3: Washing Dirty Clothes

Dirty Clothes, Washing

Powder and Water

Washing clothes
Clean Clothes
Opt. Show some Opt. Show clothes
Opt. Show clean
dirty clothes is washing in the
clothes
washing machine

Input Process
Output
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Let’s Revise

Write I for Input, P for Process and O for Output steps.

1. Making Toast
Opt. Show Opt. Show Opt. show toast
bread in the bread in the platter
toaster

Opt. mobile Opt. show a Opt. Show a

2. Making Phone call with a hand man talking mobile phone
dialing a over phone with its screen
number displaying “
dialing”

Students, in the same way….

 A computer takes inputs (instructions). We enter the input through input

devices.

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 Opt. show
image of
Keyboard

Opt. Show Input Opt. Show

image of Devices image of
Scanner Mouse

Opt. Show
image of
Joysitck Opt. Give
image of
System
 The input data and instructions are
cabinet
processed through a processing device to
convert data into useful information. The CPU Opt. Give
is called the processing device which is placed image of
inside the system cabinet. CPU

 A computer shows processed information or results through output

devices, like monitor and printer.

Give image of Monitor Give image of Printer

Printer
Monitor

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 Activity

Switch on the computer and use a mouse to give instruction to computer to

open the Paint program and to work in it.

1. Click the Start buttonWindows Accessories Paint.

2. Draw the given drawing and fill color in it.

You will notice that a computer follows the instructions of its user. We give
input, a computer processes it and give the desired output.

Summary
 A computer follows three basic steps to work–Input-Process-Output (IPO).
 Input refers to the data that we enter into the computer.
 Processing is done on the input data.
 The processed information is called output.
 Inputs are entered into the computer through input devices, like keyboard,
mouse, etc.
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 The CPU is a processing device that acts on the data to convert it in useful
information.
 The output is shown by the output devices, like monitor and printer.

Test Yourself
A. Multiple choice questions.
1. An Instruction given to the computer is called:
a. Inputs b. Output c. Process
2. Which of the following is odd?
a. Mouse b. Keyboard c. Printer
3. Processing is done on the:
a. Input data b. data c. figure

B. Fill in the blanks.

Hints: CPU output printout data

1. The raw facts and figures are called …………………………………

2. The ……………………………….. is a processing device.
3. The processed information is called ………………………….
4. A printed paper is called ……………………………..
C. State True or False.
1. Processed instructions are called useful information.
2. Monitor is used to enter the data into the computer.
3. CPU is placed inside the system cabinet.
4. Computer works on instructions.
D. Match the following.
1. Opt. pic of system cabinet a. Monitor
2. Opt. pic of keyboard b. System cabinet
3. Opt. pic of printer c. Keyboard
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 4. Opt. pic of monitor d. Printer
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Write names of any output devices.
…………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
2. Which device provides hardcopy output?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What is printout?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Write about the following:
Input ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Process ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Output ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

F. Life Skills
1. Rishika wants to take a printout. Which device should she use to do this
task?

.............................................................................................................

2. Mohan wants to make a drawing on computer. Which device he will use to

do this task.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Activity Session

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Fun in Searching
Find and encircle meaningful terms extracted from this chapter. The words are:
MONITOR, INPUT, OUTPUT, PRINTER, PROCESS and MOUSE.
P R I N T E R
O
I U P
M O N I T O R
P P O
U U C
T T E
S
M O U S E S

Fun in Exploring
Arrange the following activities in the IPO order by writing I for Input, P for
Process, and O for output.
1. Ironing clothes

Opt. show ice Opt. Show Opt. Show tray

2. Making ice Cube
cube water in the jug in the freezer.
and a tray

Fun In the Lab

Open the WordPad by clicking the Start Windows AccessoriesWordPad and
do the following tasks:

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  Explain the IPO cycle by using pictures.
 Take printout of your document by clicking the File tab Print.
 A dialog box appears, select printer name and paper range (All) and click
Print button.

Art Integrated Project

In your home, explore the activity in which the steps (Input, Process and Output)
is working. Draw it on a chart paper. Show it to your teacher.

Teacher’s Notes

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 Explain the concept of IPO by using some daily life examples.
 Show and tell about the various input and output devices
 Tell the difference between hard copy and softcopy output to the students.

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