MODULE 8:GERUND AND INFINITIVE VERB

GERUND ( DANH ĐỘNG TỪ )

Chức năng của danh động từ

Làm chủ Làm tân Làm bổ Làm ngữ Làm danh

ngữ ngữ ngữ đồng vị từ ghép

PRESENT PARTICIPLE ( HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ )

Dùng trong các thì tiếp diễn: be + Present participle (V-ing)

Dùng như một tính từ (mang nghĩa chủ động và thường

miêu tả vật)

Thay cho một mệnh đề: Mệnh đề độc lập trong câu ghép,
Mệnh đề phụ trong câu, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian,
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lí do: hai mệnh đề phải cùng chủ từ
Chức năng của
hiện tại phân từ
Cấu trúc câu: S + sit/ stand /lie/come /run (cụm từ chỉ nơi
chốn) + present participle

Cấu trúc: There + be + Noun + present participle

Sau một số động từ trí giác (see, hear, smeỉl, feel, taste,
overhear...), catch, find, spend, waste

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TO INFINITIVE VERB ( ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU CÓ TO )

Chức năng của động từ

nguyên mẫu có TO

Làm chủ Làm tân Làm bổ Trong các cấu

ngữ ngữ ngữ trúc

BARE INFINITIVE VERD ( ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU KHÔNG TO )

Sau các trợ động từ tình thái (modal verbs).

Chức năng của

động từ nguyên Sau các động từ: let, make, help, see, hearề, feel, watch, notice
mẫu không TO + tân ngữ.

Sau các cụm động từ had better, would rather, had sooner và
sau why hoặc why not.
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VERB FORM (BẢNG DẠNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ )
V-ing To-V V1 Ving & To-V

1. Giới từ : in, on,at.. 1. agree 1. Sau khiếm 1.allow

2. love , like , enjoy, 2. ask / told / warn khuyết động từ permit
prefer >< hate, 3. choose can - could recommend + O + To-V
dislike 4. decide will – would advise
3. start , begin, give 5. demand have to – had to encourage
up >< stop , finish 6. expect may – might -----------------------------------
4. suggest 7. hope must allow
5. consider : xem xét 8. manage ought to permit
6. mind 9. offer recommend + V-ing
7. imagine 10. plan 2. Sau V tri giác advise
8. avoid 11. promise See encourage
9. risk 12. refuse Look => Be + V3/ed + To-V
10. miss 13. seem Listen -----------------------------------
11. practice 14. suppose Notice 2.Stop + V-ing : ngừng hẳn
12. postpone 15. tell Watch ( từ bỏ thói quen )
13. involve 16. want Observe Stop + To-V : ngừng để làm
14. admit 17. tend Feel việc khác
15. deny 18. threaten Taste
16. quit = give up 19. would like Smell
17. keep 20. would love 3.remember
18. spend 22. be able 3. Let forget + V-ing
19. waste 23. wish Make + O regret
20. fancy 24. too….to Have ( diễn tả 1 hđộng đã xảy ra
21. can’t help 25. enough to Help trong quá khứ )
22. can’t stand 26. It + be + adj+To-V => Bị động ta -----------------------------------
23. can’t bear 27. It takes dùng “ To-V” remember
24. be busy 28. Sau các nghi vấn forget + To-V
25. be worth từ how , what , 4. had better regret
26. continute where… would rather (diễn tả 1 hđộng sắp xảy
27. It’s no use 29. sau đại từ bất had sooner ra)
28. It’s no good định 4.Try + V-ing : thử
29. have trouble Someone , something, 5. do nothing Try + to V : cố gắng
30. have difficulty anything…. but 5.Consider + V-ing: xem xét
31. be / get used to 30. Câu bị động 6. cannot but Consider + to V : quan tâm
32. go 31. only, first, last 6.like
33. appreciate start + V-ing / To-V
begin ( không thay đổi
nghĩa )
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Lối nói phụ họa

1. Phụ hoạ khẳng định:

Đi với TOO (mang nghĩa CŨNG VẬY)
(and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + too
S +V…. (and) + S + do/does/did +too
(and) + S + modals + too
My sister is a doctor I am too (tôi cũng vậy)
I work two hours a day She does too
Đi với SO (mang nghĩa CŨNG VẬY nhưng có đảo ngữ)
(and) + so + am/is/are/ was /were + S
S +V…. (and) + so + do/does/did +too + S
(and) + so + modals + S
My sister is a doctor So am I (tôi cũng vậy)
I work two hours a day So does she
I can sing So can he
2. Phụ hoạ phủ định:
Đi với EITHER (mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG)
(and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + NOT + either
S +V(NOT)…. (and) + S + do/does/did +NOT + either
(and) + S + modals + NOT + either
My sister isn’t a nurse I am not either (tôi cũng không)
I doesn’t work on sunday She doesn’t either
I can’t dance He can’t either
Đi với NEITHER (mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG nhưng có đảo ngữ, không có NOT)
(and) + neither + am/is/are/ was /were + S
S +V(NOT)…. (and) + neither + do/does/did +too + S
(and) + neither + modals + S
My sister isn’t a nurse Neither am I (tôi cũng không)
I doesn’t work on sunday Neither does she
I can’t dance Neither can he
Lưu ý: Trong câu có chứa “NEVER, NO, RARELY, SELDOM , HARDLY” => dùng phụ hoạ
phủ định

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PRACTICE EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1. I'd rather (stay) home tonight.
2. He keeps (hope) and (pray) that things will get better.
3. I don't know why he avoids (meet) me.
4. The boy admitted (break) my ancient flower vase.
5. I promise (not tell) you a lie.
6. The students stopped (talk) when the teacher came in.
7. I'll try (not make) the same mistake again.
8. Would you mind (give) me a hand?
9. Have you ever watched people (try) (catch) fish?
10. Do you have any money (pay) for the book?
11. After (hear) the conditions, I decided (not enter) for the competition.
12. Imagine (have) (get) up at 4 a.m every day.
13. There were some people (row) on the river.
14. Your hair needs (cut) You'd better (have) it done tomorrow – unless you'd
like me (have) a go at it for you.
15. The children prefer (watch) TV to (read)
16. She has something (tell) you.
17. It took me three days (find) out the old photograph.
18. Do you remember (read) about it? No, at that time I was too young (read)
newspaper.
19. My brother is a stamp collector. He started (collect) stamps when he was 15 years
old.
20. It's difficult (get) used to getting up early.

Exercise 2: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. I couldn't help at his jokes.
A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughed
2. Tom offered Jane a ticket to the theater, but she refused to take it.
A. to give B. give C. giving D. to be given
3. Those workers stopped their coffee because they felt tired of their new work.
A. drink B. drank C. drinking D. to drink
4. He asked them
A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him
5. Mr Minh advised my family leaving Vietnam.
A. to think B. not to think C. against D. against to
6. I hope that woman again.
A. to see B. of seeing C. seeing D. have seen
7. She wasted much time her old pair of shoes.
A. mend B. to mend C. mending D. to be mended
8. He regrets lazy last year. He lost his job.
A. to be B. be C. been D. being
9. She remembered that woman last month.
A. of seeing B. to see C. seeing D. have seen

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10. David tried his best , but his girlfriend refused
A. explaining; to listen B. explaining; listening
C. to explain; to listen D. to explain; listening
11. We heard a baby in a neighbouring village.
A. cry B. to cry C. cried D. to crying
12. Willy denied a whole bag of chocolate chip cookies before lunch.
A. eat B. to eat C. having eaten D. eaten
13. I was delighted my old friends again.
A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. to be seen
14. We regret you that we cannot approve your suggestion.
A. inform B. to inform C. informing D. informed
15. Have you ever considered a pharmacist?
A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became
16. You had better at home until you feel better.
A. staying B. stayed C. to stay D. stay
17. I remember my mother said the grass in the garden needed .
A. to hear; cutting B. hear; cut C. heard; to cut D. hearing; cutting
18. My teacher doesn't allow us while he is explaining the lesson.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked
19. We have plenty of time. We needn't
A. hurry B. to hurry C. hurrying D. hurried
20. I promised on time. I mustn't late.
A. be; be B. to be; to be C. to be; be D. be; to be

Exercise 3: Tìm lỗi sai trong câu và sửa lại cho đúng
1. She likes her job but does not like wear uniforms.

2. They speak English well because they practise speak it everyday.

3. Lan was in a difficult situation, so I agreed lending her some money.

4. Don't forget attending our meeting next month on time.

5. I spent most of time in the train read my favorite book.

6. I heard him talked about you this morning.

7. I enjoy watching the sun to rise slowly in the morning.

A B C D
8. Why should you to carry this box? It's too heavy for you.
A B C D
9. She said the letter was personal and wouldn't let me to reach it.
A. B. C.
D
10. It’s impossible for me being there before 8 p.m.
A B C D
11. I saw a man to jump through the window 5 minutes ago, but I couldn't remember his face.

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AB CD
12. She suggested taking the plane this evening or go by
train tomorrow.
A B CD
13. Could you please stop to make so much noise?

14. It was very kind of you to showing me the way.

A B C D
15. I'm glad hearing that you have made much progress in your study.
A B C D