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Math Number and Calculation 2

This document provides information about multiples, factors, primes, squares, and square roots in mathematics. It contains 3 sections: (1) multiples and factors, which defines multiples, factors, prime and composite numbers; (2) divisibility tests, which explains tests for even/odd numbers and numbers divisible by 3; (3) squares and square roots, which defines squares, square roots, and provides examples of finding square roots. Exercises are included for students to practice finding factors, prime factors, highest common factors, lowest common multiples, and square roots.

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Beeha Azman
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119 views25 pages

Math Number and Calculation 2

This document provides information about multiples, factors, primes, squares, and square roots in mathematics. It contains 3 sections: (1) multiples and factors, which defines multiples, factors, prime and composite numbers; (2) divisibility tests, which explains tests for even/odd numbers and numbers divisible by 3; (3) squares and square roots, which defines squares, square roots, and provides examples of finding square roots. Exercises are included for students to practice finding factors, prime factors, highest common factors, lowest common multiples, and square roots.

Uploaded by

Beeha Azman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics

Number and
Calculation 2
Contents:
1. Multiple and factors

2. Divisibility tests

3. Square and square roots


01 Multiple and
factors
Multiple and factors

Multiples : all numbers from its times table

For example, the multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16,….

Factors : all whole numbers that divide into it.

For example, 1, 2, 4, and 8 are all factors of 8.


Multiple and factors

EXAMPLE:

Find the factors of 20.

First, divide with 1

Then, divide with 2 List out the factors:

Try divide by 3, 4? 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20


Exercise

a. Find the factors of 15.

b. a. Find the factors of 9.


Answer:

a. 1, 3, 5, 15

b. 1, 3, 9
Exercise

a. Write down the first six the multiples of 7.

b. Write down the first six multiples of 9.


Multiple and factors

Prime numbers : a number with exactly two different factors

For example, number 23.

It is a prime number because it has exactly two factors: 1 and 23

Composite numbers : has more than two different factors

For example, number 20.

It has more than two factors: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 and 20


Multiple and factors

Prime factors : the factors of a number that also prime numbers

For example, the prime factors of 15 are 3 and 5.

EXAMPLE:

Find the prime factors of 126.

Answer: 2, 3 and 7
Exercise

a. Find the prime factors of 146.

b. Find the prime factors of 255.


Multiple and factors
Highest Common Factor (HCF)

Find the HCF of 20 and 30.

Factors of 20 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20

Factors of 30 = 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30

So, the HCF is …


Multiple and factors
Lowest Common Multiple (LCM)

Find the LCM of 6 and 8.

Multiples of 6 = 1, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48,….

Multiples of 8 = 1, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 54,….

So, the LCM is …


Exercise
Write down two numbers that are multiple of:

a. 3

b. 6

c. 8
Exercise
Write down the factors of these pair of numbers. Then, find the common
factors and the HCF.

a. 12, 8

b. 36, 60
Exercise
Find the LCM of these numbers.

a. 4, 5, 10

b. 12, 48
02 Divisibility
Tests
Divisibility tests
Numbers which end with 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 are even numbers.

Numbers which end with 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 are odd numbers.

Sum of digits is a multiple of 3.

Divisibility tests can speed up calculations:

EXAMPLE:

Does 237 a prime number?

Odd number, so not divisible by 2.


What is sum of three digits?

Answer: Not a prime number because divisible by 3.


03 Squares and
square roots
Squares and square roots

Square: number you multiply by itself

EXAMPLE:
Squares and square roots

●  
Square roots () : the inverse of the square of a number

EXAMPLE:
Exercise

Find the square root of each of these numbers:

a. 16

b. 81
Answer:
c. 100
a. 4
d. 121
b. 9

c. 10

d. 11
Exercise

Solve the problems below: ●  


Exercise

●  
Find the edge length of a square with the area:

a. 49

b. 256
Exercise
● a  fraction below:
Work out the square root of

a. =

b. =

c. =
Thanks!
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