Scribd
Upload
50 views10 pages

What Is Short-Term Memory?

Short-term memory can store a small amount of information for 20-30 seconds, while long-term memory can store information for much longer periods, from days to decades. There are two types of long-term memory: implicit (unconscious) and explicit (conscious). Explicit memory includes episodic memory of personal experiences and semantic memory of general knowledge. Forgetting occurs when information is lost from memory over time due to interference or failure to rehearse memories.

Uploaded by

Kaye Tiene
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
50 views10 pages

What Is Short-Term Memory?

Short-term memory can store a small amount of information for 20-30 seconds, while long-term memory can store information for much longer periods, from days to decades. There are two types of long-term memory: implicit (unconscious) and explicit (conscious). Explicit memory includes episodic memory of personal experiences and semantic memory of general knowledge. Forgetting occurs when information is lost from memory over time due to interference or failure to rehearse memories.

Uploaded by

Kaye Tiene
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

What Is Short-Term Memory?

• Short-term memory is the capacity to store a small


amount of information in the mind and keep it readily
available for a short period of time.
• Short-term memory is very brief. When short-term
memories are not rehearsed or actively maintained,
they last mere seconds.
• Most of the information kept in short-term memory
will be stored for approximately 20 to 30 seconds.
What Is Long-Term Memory?
• Long-term memory refers to the storage of
information over an extended period.
• This type of memory tends to be stable and can last a
long time—often for years.
• Long-term memory can be further subdivided into two
different types: explicit (conscious) and implicit
(unconscious) memory.
• Through the process of association and rehearsal, the
content of short-term memory can become long-term
memory. Long-term memories can last for a matter of
days to as long as many decades.
Types of Long-Term Memory
• Implicit memories are those that are mostly
unconscious. This type of memory includes procedural
memory, which involves memories of body movement
and how to use objects in the environment.
• Explicit memories - also known as declarative
memories, include all of the memories that are
available in consciousness.
• - Episodic memory and semantic memory are the two
types of explicit memories.
• Episodic memory - is a category of long-term memory
that involves the recollection of specific events, situations,
and experiences.

• Semantic memory- refers to a portion of long-term


memory that processes ideas and concepts that are not
drawn from personal experience.
-includes things that are common knowledge, such as the
names of colors, the sounds of letters, the capitals of
countries and other basic facts acquired over a lifetime.
What Does It Mean to Forget?
• Forgetting is the loss or change in information that was
was previously stored in short-term or long-term memory.
It can occur suddenly or it can occur gradually as old
memories are lost. While it is usually normal, excessive or
unusual forgetting might be a sign of a more serious
problem.
Interference

• Proactive interference - is when an old memory makes


it more difficult or impossible to remember a new memory.

• Retroactive interference - occurs when new information


interferes with your ability to remember previously learned
information.
Information Processing Model
• The Information Processing Model is a framework used
by cognitive psychologists to explain and describe mental
processes. The model likens the thinking process to how
a computer works.
SENSORY MEMORY .5sec 3-4sec

Central Executive

SHORT TERM MEMORY Visuo-special Phonological Loop


7+or-2 sketchedpad

Episodic Buffer
EXPLICIT EMPLICIT
LONG TERM MEMORY Semantic
Procedural
Episodic
Methods for Increasing Retrieval of Information
• Rehearsal— this is repeating information verbatim, either mentally
or aloud.
• Meaningful Learning—this is making connections between new
information andpoor knowledge.
• Elaboration—this is adding additional ideas to new information
based on what one already knows. It is connecting new info with
old to gain meaning.
• Visual Imagery—this means forming a “picture” of the information.
• Generation—Things we ‘produce’ are easier to remember than
things we ‘hear’.
• Context –Remembering the situation helps recover information.
Other Memory Methods

• Lifestyle improvements-Improving your lifestyle might not


give you an overnight boost in memory but it will certainly
have positive long-term effects that can make all of the
above-mentioned techniques even more effective.
• Chunking-the chunking technique is all about grouping
items together in order to remember them easier.
• Mnemonics-other popular mnemonic is memorable
sentences that are constructed out of words that start with
the same letter as the items you are trying to memorize.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy