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How Society Is WPS Office

The document discusses the organization of society through concepts such as conformity, deviance, social groups, and social networks. It distinguishes between primary and secondary groups based on emotional investment and goals, and explains reference groups that influence individual beliefs and behaviors. Additionally, it highlights the importance of social networks in both formal and informal organizational structures.

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Jessalyn Garcia Banaag
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21 views14 pages

How Society Is WPS Office

The document discusses the organization of society through concepts such as conformity, deviance, social groups, and social networks. It distinguishes between primary and secondary groups based on emotional investment and goals, and explains reference groups that influence individual beliefs and behaviors. Additionally, it highlights the importance of social networks in both formal and informal organizational structures.

Uploaded by

Jessalyn Garcia Banaag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How Society

Is Organized
Conformity refers to
behavior in accordance
with socially accepted
conventions or standards.
Deviance, on the other
hand, describes an action
or behavior that violates
social norms.
Social Group
A social group is two or more people who
identify with and engage with each other
(Macionis 2012). As an individual, you
may be a member of a religious group, an
ethnic group, a working colleague group,
a college class, a sports team, and so on.
A social group is distinct from an aggregate,
which consists of people who are temporarily
grouped together in an area, perhaps even
performing the same things, but do not
consider themselves to be members of the
same group.
For example, being in a busy shop or waiting
in line for a movie does not make you feel like
you belong with the people doing the same
thing.
A category and a group are not the same
thing. You may share comparable qualities,
such as age or height, yet you may not
interact or experience a feeling of belonging if
you are in the same category as someone.
TYPES OF GROUPS ACCORDING TO
INFLUENCE:

Primary Group
Secondary Group
Primary groups involve interaction among
members who have an emotional investment or
attachment in one another and a situation, who
know one another intimately and interact as total
individuals rather than through specialized roles.
They are smaller in number and occur over a long
time. Examples of relationships under the primary
group are between friends, husband and wife,
parent and child, and teacher and pupil. On the
other hand, sample groups under primary groups
include playgroup, family,village/neighborhood,
and work team.
Secondary groups usually have specific goals,
are formally organized, and are impersonal. They
tend to be larger than the primary group, and its
members do not necessarily interact with all
other members. Examples of relationships under
the secondary group are between clerk and
customer, announcer and listener, performer
and spectator, and officer and subordinate. On
the other hand, sample groups under the second
group include nation, clerical hierarchy,
professional association, and corporation.
Reference Groups
A reference group is a group or social
category that an individual uses to help define
beliefs, attitudes, and values and to guide
behaviour. It is often a category we identify
with, rather than a specific group we belong
to. In addition, they provide a comparison
against which people measure themselves and
others.
• Positive reference groups are composed of
people we want to emulate.
• Negative reference groups, on the other
hand, provide a model we do not wish to
follow.
Types of Reference
Groups
• A normative reference group influences
your norms, attitudes, and values through
direct interaction.
• A comparative reference group is a
group of individuals whom you compare
yourself against and may strive to be like.
Social Network
A social network is a sociological concept
that refers to the social relationships that exist
between network parts and individuals. In an
organization, network elements can include
social groups or teams, organizational units, or
entire organizations.
Social Network in Practice:
All our functions at work and in private take place in
some social networks. Every social network is about
relations that include social interaction and social
communication. We can easily describe, map, and
analyze social networks through social network
analysis and sociometry.
The basic types of social networks in the
organization are formal organizational structure,
and informal organizational structure. The social
network in the organization forms an informal
organizational structure. Its influence on the
events and decision-making in the organization
is greater in less authoritative management
styles and types of the organizations. Often in
practice, the informal organizational structure is
more influential on what is happening in the
organization than the formal organizational
structure.

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