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ETM Micro Project Report

This document provides an introduction to batteries, including their types, chemistry, capacity and voltage, charging and discharging processes, environmental impacts, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. It discusses primary batteries like alkaline cells and secondary rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion and lead-acid. The document also covers battery recycling and green initiatives to develop more sustainable battery technologies.

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Rushikesh Wakode
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88 views7 pages

ETM Micro Project Report

This document provides an introduction to batteries, including their types, chemistry, capacity and voltage, charging and discharging processes, environmental impacts, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. It discusses primary batteries like alkaline cells and secondary rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion and lead-acid. The document also covers battery recycling and green initiatives to develop more sustainable battery technologies.

Uploaded by

Rushikesh Wakode
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

Project Report On

“Detail About Type Of Battery”

In the partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of

DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


(Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai)

(2023-2024)

SUBMITTED BY: -

Jay D. Rajgure 2100210409


Ajay A. Rathod 2100210426
Pranav G. Thakare 2100210442

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: -


Prof . G. G. Varma
Department of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project Work Entitled


“Detail About Type Of Battery”
Is a bonafide work carried out in the Six Semester in partial fulfillment for the
award of
Diploma in Mechanical Engineering from Government Polytechnic Khamgaon
During the academic year 2023-2024

(2023-2024)

SUBMITTED BY: -

Jay D. Rajgure 2100210409


Ajay A. Rathod 2100210426
Pranav G. Thakare 2100210442

PROJECT GUIDE: -
Prof . G. G. Varma
Index

SR.NO CONTANT Page .no


1 Introduction 1
2 Type of Battery 2
3 Battery Chemistry 3
4 Battery Capacity and Voltage 4
5 Charging and Discharging 5
6 Environmental Impact 6
7 Applications 7
8 Advantages 8
9 Disadvantage 9
10 Conclusion 10

Information

1. "Today, let's delve into the fascinating world of batteries and their crucial role in
powering our modern devices."
2. "Have you ever wondered how batteries work and why they are essential in our daily
lives? Let's explore that together."
3. "Batteries have revolutionized technology, from portable electronics to electric
vehicles. Let's take a closer look at their evolution and impact."
4. "Welcome to a discussion on batteries, the silent powerhouse behind our gadgets and
machines. Let's uncover their workings and significance."
5. "From simple AA cells to complex lithium-ion packs, batteries are everywhere. Let's
kickstart our exploration into their functions and applications."

Types of Batteries

**Disposable Batteries:** These are also known as primary batteries and are
designed for single use. Examples include alkaline batteries (AA, AAA, etc.) and zinc-
carbon batteries.
**Rechargeable Batteries:** Also called secondary batteries, these can be
recharged and reused multiple times. Examples include lithium-ion (Li-ion), nickel-metal
hydride (NiMH), and lead-acid batteries.

Battery Chemistry

**Alkaline Batteries:** Commonly used in household devices, they use zinc and
manganese dioxide as electrodes and an alkaline electrolyte.
**Lithium-ion Batteries:** Widely used in smartphones, laptops, and electric
vehicles, they have high energy density and are rechargeable.
**Nickel-metal Hydride (NiMH) Batteries:** Often used in digital cameras
and handheld electronic devices, they offer higher capacity than NiCd batteries.
**Lead-acid Batteries:** Commonly used in vehicles and uninterruptible power
supplies (UPS), they are affordable but have lower energy density compared to other
types.

Battery Capacity and Voltage

**Capacity:** Measured in ampere-hours (Ah) or milliampere-hours (mAh), it


indicates how much charge a battery can store.
**Voltage:** Typically, batteries have a voltage rating (e.g., 1.5V for alkaline AA
batteries, 3.7V for Li-ion batteries).

Charging and Discharging

**Charging:** Rechargeable batteries can be charged using appropriate chargers


designed for their chemistry to restore their energy levels.
**Discharging:** Batteries provide power to devices through a chemical reaction
between electrodes and electrolyte, gradually depleting their charge.

Environmental Impact
**Recycling:** Proper disposal and recycling of batteries are essential to prevent
environmental pollution as they may contain hazardous materials like heavy metals.
**Green Initiatives:** Research and development focus on eco-friendly battery
technologies such as solid-state batteries and recycling processes.

Applications

1) Batteries power a wide range of devices, including smartphones, laptops, electric


vehicles, medical devices, flashlights, remote controls, and more.

2) They are also crucial for storing renewable energy from sources like solar panels
and wind turbines in grid-scale energy storage systems.

Advantages

1) Low expensive and simple to manufacture; low cost per watt-hour

2) Low self-discharge;

3) High specific power, capable of high discharge currents

4) Good performance at low and high temperature

Disadvantage
1) Low specific energy; Low specific energy

2) Slow charge; Full charge takes

3) 14-16 hours
4) Must be stored in charged condition to prevent sulfating

5) Limited cycle life; repeated

6) deep-cycling reduces battery life

7) Transportation restrictions on the flooded type

8) Not environmentally friendly

Conclusion

A battery, in its most basic form, can be thought of as a pump that provides energy to
keep moving charge around over a circuit. A store of energy is required to provide such
a potential difference, or electro-motive force (EMF).

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