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Engg Drawing Tools

Engineering Drawing

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Ratan Kumar
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18 views13 pages

Engg Drawing Tools

Engineering Drawing

Uploaded by

Ratan Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture on

Engineering Drawing
Instruments

Mechanical Engineering Department


VIDYA VIHAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,PURNEA
Engineering Drawing Instruments
◼ Drawing Instruments are used to prepare neat and accurate
Drawings
◼ To a greater extent, the ac-curacy of the Drawings depends on
the quality of instruments used to prepare them
◼ The following is the list of Drawing Instruments and other
materials required

◼ Drawing Board
◼ T-square or Drafter (Drafting machine)
◼ Set Squares
◼ Protractor
◼ Drawing Instrument Box
◼ Drawing Sheet Fig-French Curve
◼ Drawing Pencils
◼ Drawing Pins/Clips
◼ French Curve

Fig-Grade of Pencil
Drawing Board
◼ Drawing board is made from strips of well seasoned soft wood
generally 25 mm thick. It is cleated at the back by two
battens to prevent warping
◼ One of the shorter edges of the rectangular board is pro-vided
with perfectly straight ebony edge which is used as working
edge on which the T-square is moved while making Drawings
T-square
◼ T-squares are made from hard wood. A T-square consists of
two parts namely the stock and the blade joined together at
right angles to each other by means of screws and Pins as
shown in figure
◼ The stock is made to slide along the working edge and the
Blade moves on the Drawing board
◼ The working edge of T-square is used to draw parallel lines,
vertical lines or inclined lines at 30°, 60o to the horizontal
using set squares
Drafting Machine
◼ In a Drafting machine, the uses and advantages of T-square,
set square, scales, protractors are combined.
◼ One end of the Drafter is clamped at the left top end of the
Drawing board by a screw provided in the drafter
◼ An adjustable head with a Protractor is fitted at the other end
of the Drafter
◼ Two blades made of transparent celluloid material are fitted to
the adjustable head and are perfectly perpendicular to each
other
◼ These blades are used to draw parallel, horizontal, vertical
and inclined lines.
◼ The blades always move parallel to the edges of the board.
◼ Use of Drafting machine helps in reducing the time required to
prepare Drawing
Set squares
◼ Set squares are generally made from Plastic or celluloid
material
◼ They are triangular in shape with one corner, a right angle
triangle. A pair of set squares (30°–60°) and 45° (45° set
square are generally pro-vided with Protractor) facilitate
marking of angles as shown in figures
◼ They are used to draw lines at 30°, 60° and 45° to the vertical
and horizontal

45°Set square with


45°Set square 30°-60° Set square protractor
Protractor
◼ Protractors are used to mark or measure angles between 0
and 180°
◼ They are semicircular in shape (of diameter 100mm) and are
made of Plastic or celluloid which has more life
◼ Protractors with circular shape capable of marking and
measuring 0 to 360° are also available in the market
Drawing Instrument Box
◼ Drawing Instruments box are consist of the following
instruments:

• Large size compasses,


• Large size divider,
• Small size bow pen, bow divider, and
• Lengthening bar
Drawing Sheet
◼ They are available in many varieties and good quality paper
with smooth surface should be selected for Drawings which are
to be preserved for longer time. Sizes of Drawing Sheets
recommended by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is given
below:

Standard Size of Drawing Sheet

Designation Size (mm) Designation Size (mm)

A0 1189 × 841 A3 420 × 297


A1 841 × 594 A4 297 × 210
A2 594 × 420 A5 210 × 148
Drawing Pencil

◼ The accuracy and appearance of a Drawing depends on the


quality of Pencil used to make Drawing
◼ The grade of a Pencil lead is marked on the Pencil. HB
denotes medium grade
◼ Increase in hardness is shown by value put in front of H such
as 2H, 3H etc., Softer pencils are marked as 2B, 3B, and 4B
etc
◼ A Pencil marked 3B is softer than 2B and Pencil marked 4B is
softer than 3B and so on
◼ Beginning of a Drawing may be made with H or 2H
◼ For lettering and dimensioning, H and HB Pencils are used
Drawing Pins and Clips
◼ These are used to fix the Drawing sheet on the Drawing board
Compass
◼ Compass is used for drawing circles and arcs of circles. The
compass has two legs hinged at one end. One of the legs has
a pointed needle fitted at the lower end where as the other
end has provision for inserting pencil lead
◼ Circles up to 120 mm diameters are drawn by keeping the
legs of compass straight. For drawing circles more than 150
mm radius, a lengthening bar is used

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