Republic of the Philippines

MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY –SULU

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Capitol Hills, Jolo, Sulu

LEARNING MODULE IN GEC 102 –K, IT-B, E1-C

Purposive Communication

I- COMMUNICATION PROCESS, PRINCIPLES AND ETHICS

Nature of Communication: An Overview

As we all know, human communication is vital for survival and it is one thing in life that
we cannot avoid to do.
Communication comes from the Latin word “Communis” which means “commons”. To
be common means to come together, or to commune, to share something in common.
-it is the process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, feelings and emotions from one person to
another with the use of symbols which may be verbal and or non-verbal and aims for
understanding.

Why study Communication?

-to understand ourselves as social being, to understand ourselves as a person, to
gain professional competence and to preserve our cultural values.

A. Components of Communication

1. Sender- the one who initiates the communication. He has the information –a command, a
request, inquiry, or idea that he wants to share with others.

2. Receiver- the person whom a message is directed. He provides the sender with feedbacks.

3. Message- made up of ideas and feelings that a sender-receiver wants to share to each
other.

o Verbal symbols-express through words.

o Non-verbal symbols- express through gestures, inflection, tone, etc.

4. Channel- means through which we transmit the message in either verbal or non-verbal
messages.

o Vocal messages- are verbal and spoken

o Non-vocal messages- maybe expressed in words or verbal gestures.

5. Feedback- the behavioral response of the sender-receiver to each other. It is the

information that comes back to the sender of the message and informs how well the
message is getting through.

6. Noise- an interference that bars the message from being understood and interpreted.
 7. Context- the setting and situations in which communication takes place.

B. Communication Process (Model of Communication)

Transmit Message

SENDER RECEIVER

FORM ENCODE RECEIVE

DECODE
MESSAGE MESSAGE ENCODED
MESSAGE
MESSAGE

NOISE

RECEIVE ENCODE FORM

DECODE
ENCODED FEEDBACK FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK FEEDBACK

Transmit Feedback

C. Principles of Communication
1. Communication is an interaction situation wherein the participants are affected by
each ones’ behavior.
2. One does communicate. We communicate even when we are ignoring the message or
maintaining complete silence.
3. The message received is not necessarily the message sent.
4. Communication occurs simultaneously at more than one level.
 D. Ethics of Communication

Johnson (2015) developed the Ten Basic of Ethical Communication.

1. Seek to elicit the best in Communication and interactions with other group members.
2. Listen when others speak.
3. Speak non-judgmentally.
4. Speak from your own experience.
5. Seek to understand others.
6. Avoid speaking for others.
7. Manage your own personal boundaries.
8. Respect the personal boundaries of others.
9. Avoid interrupting and side conversations.
10. Make sure that everyone has time to speak.

II- COMMUNICATION and globalization

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies

and government of different nations, a process driven by international trade and
investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the
environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity
and on human physical well-being in societies around the world.

1. Virtual interaction. We need to understand the strengths and limitations of different

communication media and how to use medium to maximum effect.
2. Cultural Awareness in speech. We need the ability to catch subtle nuances of peoples’
manners of speech when communicating across cultures.
3. Cultural awareness in body language. We need to understand acceptable speaking
distances, conflict styles, eye contact and posture in different cultures accepting the
physical expressions of their own culture are not universally accepted.
4. Time differences. We need to communicate and share information with people across
several time zones.

C. Impact of globalization on Global Communication

1. Availability of information.

2. Business conduct

3. Social Awareness

4. The problem
III-A. LOCAL AND GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN MULTI-CULTURAL SETTINGS

As society becomes mote globally connected, the ability to communicate across cultural
boundaries has gained prominence. Also, the use of technology has had a profound
impact on how individual, groups, organization and institutions communicate globally
and market ideas.

A. A World of Diversity
 The world, although one world, but and is inhabited by diverse populations each
with their own identity, physical, spiritual, and cultural uniqueness.

B. Global Community
 One globe is circled by superhighways of optical fiber cable systems providing
almost an unlimited bandwidth of information transmission.

C. Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity

 Knowing that there are multiple different cultures-based on religion, ethnicity,
nationality and others.

D. Gender Sensitivity
 Refers to the aim of understanding and taking account of the societal and cultural
factors involved in gender-based exclusion and discrimination in the most diverse
spheres of public and private life.

E. Political Correctness
 Used to describe language, policies, or measures that are intended to avoid
offense or disadvantage to members of particular groups in society.

III-B. VARIETIES AND REGISTERS OF SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE

A. Language Varieties- simply refers to a distinguishable variant of a language.

1. Pidgin- a new language which develops in situations where speakers of different

language need to communicate but don’t share common language.

2. Creole- when children start learning a pidgin as their first language and it becomes
the mother tongue of a community.

3. Regional dialect- not a distinct language but a variety of a language spoken in a

particular area of a country.
 4. Minority dialect- own language of a particular minority group which they used as a
marker of identity.

5. Indigenized varieties-spoken mainly as second languages in ex-colonies with multi-

lingual population.

B. Language Registers- the way the speaker uses language differently in different
circumstances (Nordquist 2018).
- The level and style of ones’ writing. (http://really-learn-english.com)

Distinction of Registers:

1. Frozen- sometimes called a static register. Ex. Constitution

2. Formal- used in professional, academic or legal settings. Ex. Encyclopedia
3. Consultative- used when speaking with someone who has a specialized knowledge
or offering advice. Ex. An annual physical examination
4. Casual- use when with friends, close acquaintances and co-workers. Ex. Birthday
party
5. Intimate- reserved for special occasions between only two people often in private.
Ex. Inside joke

Classification of Registers:

1. Formal- Essay, Announcements

2. Informal- personal e-mails, texts
3. Neutral- articles

IV- EVALUATING MESSAGES AND/ OR IMAGES

As part of the online age, you have to be good in examining how signs communicate with
you in the context of the author and the reader /recipient in emerging linguistic landscape.

A. Linguistic Landscapes- the things that you can actually see that do not necessarily
need words to express a thought. When you find yourself lost in an unfamiliar place,
you would first look for signs that may tell you where you actually are.

B. Geosemiotics- the study of the social meaning of the material placement signs in the
world. By signs, we mean to include any semiotic system including language and
discourse.

C. Kinds of Signs:
 1. Regulatory-official or legal prohibitions

2. Infrastructural- directs for the maintenance of a building

3. Commercial- advertises or promotes a product or service

4. Transgressive- if signs violate or in the wrong place

D. Online Landscape- youtube, facebook, twitter

V- COMMUNICATION AIDS AND STRATEGIES

The blueprint or plan. It maps the “How” to conveying a message. It can be verbal, non-
verbal, visual or a combination of two or all.

VI- COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

A. Purpose of Communication
In presenting ideas purposively, you must be informative, stick to the facts, avoid
repetition, and make it clear.

B. Public Speaking- maybe read memorized, impromptu, or extemporaneous speech.

C. Interview- is a two-party interaction in which at least one party has a specific purpose
and that usually involves the asking and answering questions.

VII- A. COMMUNICATION FOR WORK PURPOSES

A. Workplace Communication- Searles 2014 said that nearly all workplace writing is done
for at least one of three purposes: to recreate a record, to request or provide information,
or to persuade.

B. Business Letters- obtaining skill in making business letters is a requirement in making a

strong connection to any linkages in any kind of transaction.

C. Memos- the vehicle for internal or intramural communication, always in a form of in-
house correspondence.
 VII-B. COMMUNICATION FOR WORK PURPOSES

a. Minutes- serves the first purpose, that is, to create a record of what transpiredin a
meeting held.

b. Incident Report- a written record of a troublesome occurrence. (Adler,et al

2012).

VIII- COMMUNICATION FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

1. Academic Research- Scientific investigation of phenomena which includes
collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of facts that links an
individual speculation with reality.

2. Research proposal- the blueprint of a research. It includes time frame, proposed

title, as well as the statement of problem.

______________________________________________________________________________

IMPORTANT NOTES:

Read each lectures carefully, you may research the meaning or definition of some
unfamiliar topics or ideas that you will encounter here.

Please use long bond paper for your answers. Rewrite the questions on your paper when
answering.

Expect that there will be additional quizzes to be posted in the GC or MSU-SSDEL.

QUIZZES, MID-TERM, FINAL and other REQUIREMENTS will be submitted all in

one long folder with complete name, section and cellphone number. Please wait for the
schedule of submission to be posted in our group chat or in MSU-SSDEL.

REQUIREMENTS:

1. Research at least three communication models. Draw the models that you have found and
in your own words explain each briefly.

2. Compose dialogues using any three of the following language registers. (Please refer to
your lectures/module).

1. Frozen 2. Formal 3. Consultative 4. Casual 5. Intimate

Quiz: Read the text that follows then answer the following questions. For numbers 9 & 10,
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

Bernie, the supervising manager of a company, sent an e-mail to all employees under his
department. The e-mail reads: You are all required to attend the emergency meeting tomorrow at
exactly 8:00 in the morning at the conference room. Ivo, one of the agents, read the e-mail, and
replied, Noted, Sir. Luis, the janitor, reads the e-mail but he did not comprehend the instruction as
he is not proficient in English. Robert, a new trainee, did not read the e-mail as he had no internet
connection the whole day.

The next day, all employees arrived at the conference room before 8:00 A.M., except for
Luis and Robert.

1. Who was the sender in the communication situation described in the text?
2. Who was/were the receiver/s?
3. What was the message?
4. Who among the receivers did not receive the message?
5. What was used to send the message?
6. How did Ivo send his feedback?
7. Who among the participants experienced communication noise?
8. Who among the receivers experienced environmental noise?
9. How may the noise experienced by Luis be best classified?
a. Physical b. Linguistic c. cultural
10. What is the situational context described in the text?
a. Workplace communication
b. Informal communication among peers
c. Academic communication

MID-TERM: Create/ compose your own original signage. Then answer the following question.

1. What is the message you are trying to convey?

2. What is the purpose of your message?
3. How did you convey the message using the text and or image?
4. Who is/are the target of your message?
5. What other ways you could have used better?

FINAL: Philippine Government allows K-12 graduates like you to apply for a job upon
completing Senior High School. Assuming that you are applying for a job, make an actual
application letter using the correct letter format.

GOOD LUCK!