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Experiment 2

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70 views5 pages

Experiment 2

Nice

Uploaded by

Vinit Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Electronics Lab(KEC-151/251)

EXPERIMENT NO.-02

OBJECT: -Identification of various types of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) and soldering Techniques.

Different Types of Printed Circuit Boards :-


PCBs have copper tracks to connect the holes where the various components are located They are specially
designed for each and every circuit and build construction very easy. Though, making the PCB necessitates
special tools. The different types of printed circuit boards mainly include the following

Single-Sided PCBs
Double-Sided PCBs
Multilayer PCBs

Single-Sided Printed Circuit Boards:-

This single-sided printed circuit board includes just one layer of base material or substrate. One end of the
substrate is coated with a thin layer of metal, usually copper because it is a good electrical conductor. Generally,
a protecting solder mask is seated on the peak of the copper layer, and the last silkscreen coat may be applied
to the top to mark elements of the board.

This PCB consists of various circuits and electronic components on the only single side. This kind of module
works most excellent for easy electronics, and beginners often design and build this type of board first. These
boards tend to cost less to mass-produce than other types of boards. But although this low cost, they’re used
rarely because of their intrinsic design limitations.
Electronics Lab(KEC-151/251)

Double-Sided PCBs

This type of PCBs is much more familiar than single-sided boards. Both sides of the board’s substrate include
metal conductive layers, and elements attach to both sides as well. Holes in the PCB let circuits on a single side
to attach to circuits on the other side.

This kind of circuit board used to connect the circuits on every side using one of two techniques: through-hole
& surface mount technology. Through-hole technology engages feeding small wires, called leads through the
holes & soldering every end to the suitable component.
Surface mount technology is different from through-hole technology, it does not utilize wires. In its place, many
little leads get soldered straight onto the board. Surface mount technology permits many circuits to be completed
in a lesser space on board, meaning the board can execute more functions, typically at a lesser weight and at
faster speeds than through-hole boards let.

Multilayer PCBs

These PCBs further enlarges the density and complexity of PCB designs by adding extra layers beyond the top
& bottom layers seen in a configuration of double-sided. With the accessibility of over many layers in multilayer
printed circuit board configurations, multilayer PCBs let designers make very thick and highly compound
designs.
Electronics Lab(KEC-151/251)

The extra layers used in this design are power planes, which both provide the supply to the circuit with power
and also decrease the levels of electromagnetic interference which are emitted by designs. Lower EMI levels
are attained by placing signal levels in the middle of power planes.

Different Methods of Soldering


The methods of the soldering process can be classified into two, namely soft soldering and hard soldering.

.
Electronics Lab(KEC-151/251)

Soft Soldering

Soft soldering is a process for fitting very minute compound parts possessing low liquefying temperature, which
have been broken during the procedure of soldering is performed at high temperature. In this process, a tin-lead
alloy is used as space filler metal. The liquefying temperature of the space filler alloy must not be less than
400oC / 752oF. A gas torch is used as a heat source, for the procedure. Some of the examples of this kind of
soldering metals include tin-zinc for bonding aluminum, tin-lead for general usage; zinc-aluminum for
aluminum, cadmium-silver for power at high temperature; lead-silver for strength higher than room
temperature, weakening confrontation, tin-silver & tin-bismuth for electrical products.

Hard Soldering

In this type of soldering a solid solder unites two elements of metals by spreading out into the holes of the
component that are unlocked due to high temperature. The space filler metal grips a higher temperature of more
than 450oC/840oF. It comprises of two elements: Silver soldering and Brazing.
Electronics Lab(KEC-151/251)

RESULT: - PCB & soldering Techniques both are studied.

PRECAUTION:-

(i).All the connections should be right & tight.

(ii).Connections must be made according to circuit diagram.

(iii).Power must be switched on after checking the connections.

Short Answer Type Questions:

What are the soldering techniques?

What are soft and hard solder?

What are different types of PCB?

Q. 4Which material is used in PCB?

Q.5 What is a 2 layer PCB?

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