VELAMMAL KNOWLEDGE PARK, PONNERI

BODHI CAMPUS – IIT/NEET ACADEMY

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NEET - WORK SHEET
Class: XII Subject: Botany
Topic: Microbes in Human Welfare
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
Microbes in Household Products
1. Choose the correct option with regard to statement A and B.
A: Microbes are present everywhere on earth.
B: They cannot live in thermal vents where temperature is as high as 100°C.
(a) Statement A is correct and B is incorrect
(b) Statements A and B are correct
(c) Statement A is incorrect but B is correct
(d) Statements A and B are incorrect
2. What would happen if oxygen availability to the activated sludge flocs is
reduced?
(a) It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter.
(b) The centre of flocs will become anoxic, which would cause the death of
bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs.
(c) Flocs would increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs.
(d) Protozoa would grow in large numbers.
3. Microbes after growth on a nutritive medium forms _________.
(a) Group (b) Colonies (c) Species (d) Family
4. _________ is/are responsible for converting milk into curd.
(a) Lactobacillus only (b) Lactobacillus and other microbes
(c) Microbes other than lactobacillus (d) (a) or (c)
5. Choose the correct option with regard to statement A and B.
A: Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are responsible for converting milk into curd.
B: LAB creates acidic medium necessary to coagulate and fully digest the milk
proteins.
(a) Statements A and B are correct (b) Statements A and B are incorrect.
(c) Statement A is correct but B is incorrect
(d) Statement B is correct and A is incorrect
6. If someone wants to make curd from milk, a small amount of curd is added to
fresh milk. The small amount of curd containing millions of LAB is known as
(a) Accelerator (b) Promoter (c) Inoculum (d) Germ
7. Mycorrhiza does not help the host plant in
(a) Enhancing its phosphorus uptake capacity
(b) Increasing its tolerance to drought
(c) Enhancing its resistance to root pathogens
(d) Increasing its resistance to insects
8. Which vitamin is synthesized by LAB?
(a) Vitamin B2 (b) Vitamin B6 (c) Vitamin B5 (d) Vitamin B12
9. The puff ed-up dough of dosa and idli is due to _________.
(a) Fermentation by bacteria and production of O2.
(b) Hydrolysis by bacteria and production of CO2.
(c) Fermentation by bacteria and production of CO2.
(d) Hydrolysis by bacteria and production of O2.
10. Which microbe helps us in the preparation of bread?
(a) Bacteria (b) Yeast (c) Fungi (d) Algae
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 1
11. Baker’s yeast is _________.
(a) Saccharomyces cariocanus (b) Saccharomyces florentinus
(c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (d) Saccharomyces spencerorum
12. _________ is a traditional drink of south India.
(a) Wine (b) Toddy (c) Tequila (d) Rum
13. The traditional drink of south India is made by fermenting sap from _________
tree.
(a) Eucalyptus (b) Coconut (c) Palm (d) Date
Figure given for questions 14 and 15.

14. The bacteria shown in figure (a) and (b) are at which level of magnification?
(a) 150X (b) 1500X (c) 15000X (d) 1.5 lacX
15. The rod shaped bacteria showing flagella is magnified at _________.
(a) 5 × 103 (b) 5 × 104 (c) 1.5 × 103 (d) 15 × 104
16. ‘Swiss cheese’ bears large holes due to the production of CO2 by which microbe?
(a) Lactobacillus (b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(c) Propionibacterium shermanii (d) Aspergillus niger
17. Just as, Swiss cheese is to bacteria, Roquefort cheese is to _________.
(a) Algae (b) Yeast (c) Bacteria (d) Fungi
18. Roquefort cheese is ripened by growing a specific fungus on it which gives it a
particular _________.
(a) Texture (b) Large holes (c) Flavour (d) Colour
19. Vessels for growing microbes on industrial scale are known as _________.
(a) Incubators (b) Sterilizers (c) Fermentors (d) Microbial vessels
20. Alcoholic beverages are produced by microbial fermentation of
(a) Malted cereals (b) Fruit juices (c) Vegetable juices (d) Both (a) and (b)
21. Brewer’s Yeast is
(a) Saccharomyces cariocanus (b) Saccharomyces florentinus
(c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (d) Saccharomyces spencerorum
22. _________ is the alcoholic beverage obtained without distillation.
(a) Whiskey (b) Brandy (c) Wine (d) Rum
23. Point the odd one out.
(a) Rum (b) Beer (c) Whiskey (d) Brandy
24. ‘Antibiotics’ literally means
(a) Protecting life (b) Against life (c) Healing life (d) Accelerating life
25. Penicillin was discovered by _________.
(a) Edward Jenner (b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Alexander Fleming (d) Howard Florey
26. Penicillin was discovered by chance as the organism producing it retarded the
growth of _________.
(a) Lactobacilli (b) Staphylococci (c) Streptococci (d) E. Coli

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 2

27. The name penicillin was given after the mould _________.
(a) Penicillium notatum (b) Penicillium chrysogenum
(c) Penicillium candidum (d) Penicillium glaucum
28. The full potential as an effective antibiotic in the context of penicillin was
studied by _________.
(a) Sutton and Boveri (b) Chain and Florey
(c) Watson and Crick (d) Edward Jenner
29. Penicillin was extensively used during which war?
(a) World War I (b) World War II (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Cold War
30. _________ soldiers were extensively treated with penicillin during World War II.
(a) German (b) Austrian (c) American (d) Japanese
31. ‘Gal ghotu’ is a common name for which disease?
(a) Whooping cough (b) Diphtheria
(c) Plague (d) Leprosy
32. ‘Kusht rog’ is a common name for which disease?
(a) Dermatitis (b) Plague (c) Leprosy (d) Whooping cough
33. Citric acid is produced by _________.
(a) Aspergillus niger (b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(c) Lactobacillus (d) Clostridium butylicum
34. Acetobacter aceti essentially produces _________.
(a) Citric acid (b) Acetic acid (c) Butyric acid (d) Lactic acid
35. Which microbe produces butyric acid?
(a) Sachharomyces cerevisiae (b) Clostridium butylicum
(c) Aspergillus niger (d) Propionibacterium shermanii
Figures given for questions 36 and 37.

36. What is depicted in figure (a)?

(a) Fungal colony (b) Algal colony (c) Bacterial colony (d) Viral colony
37. What is depicted in figure ‘b’?
(a) Fungal colony (b) Algal colony (c) Bacterial colony (d) Viral colony
38. A bacterium which is a rich source of lactic acid is _________.
(a) Lactobacillus (b) Aspergillus (c) Clostridium (d) Saccharomyces
39. Which enzyme produced by microbes is an important ingredient in detergent
formulations?
(a) Urease (b) Lipase (c) Pectinase (d) Cleansase
40. The fruit juices available commercially are clearer than ones which are
homemade. Which ingredient is added in commercially available fruit juices?
(a) Lipase and protease (b) Pectinase and hydrolase
(c) Pectinase and protease (d) Hydrolase and protease
41. Which enzyme is known as ‘clot-buster’?
(a) Protease (b) Thrombokinase (c) Streptokinase (d) Hydrolase

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 3

42. ‘Clot-buster’ is produced by which microbe?
(a) Staphylococcus (b) Streptococcus
(c) Penicillium (d) Aspergillus
43. The enzyme streptokinase is used medicinally to
(a) Check growth of microbes in body fluids
(b) Remove blood clots from the blood vessels
(c) Weaken walls of blood vessels
(d) Create blood clots in blood vessels
44. Which drugs are often administered before and after organ transplant
procedure?
(a) Immunomodulators (b) Immunosuppressants
(c) Vaccination (d) Anabolic steroids
45. Which drug is generally administered at the time of organ-transplant procedure?
(a) Actinomycin-D (b) Bleomycin
(c) Cyclosporin-A (d) Paclitaxel
46. Cyclosporine-A is produced by fungus _________.
(a) Trichoderma polysporum (b) Penicillium notatum
(c) Micromonospora (d) Aspergillus niger
47. Blood cholesterol lowering agents are known as _________.
(a) Steroids (b) Statins (c) Lipolytics (d) Diuretics
48. Monascus purpureus is a commercial source of _________.
(a) Antibiotics (b) Statins (c) Pectinase (d) Ethanol
49. The mechanism of action of statins is _________.
(a) Allosteric inhibition of enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol.
(b) Competitive inhibition of enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of
cholesterol.
(c) Irreversible inhibition of enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of
cholesterol.
(d) None of the above
50. The major portion of waste water in cities and towns is _________.
(a) Household waste (b) Industrial waste
(c) Human excreta (d) Both (a) and (b)
MICROBES IN SEWAGE TREATMENT
51. Municipal waste water is also known as _________.
(a) Drainage (b) Sewage (c) Spillage (d) Gutter
52. Sewage is treated in _________.
(a) STD (b) STP (c) SPT (d) SDT
53. STP stands for
(a) Sequential Topographical Projection (b) Standard Test Procedure
(c) Sewage Treatment Plant (d) None of these
54. Which microbes help in sewage treatment?
(a) Autotrophic (b) Heterotrophic (c) Symbiotic (d) Saprophytic
55. Sewage water treatment is done in how many stages?
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 4
56. Primary treatment of sewage waste involves which processes?
(a) Filtration and incubation (b) Sedimentation and decantation
(c) Filtration and sedimentation
(d) Sedimentation and microbial proliferation
57. In sewage treatment plant, primary treatment involving removal of floating
debris is done by
(a) Vacuum filtration (b) Pressure filtration
(c) Sequential filtration (d) Sedimentation

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58. In primary treatment of sewage water, removal of grit involves which process?
(a) Decantation (b) Picking (c) Filtration (d) Sedimentation
59. In primary treatment of sewage water, after sedimentation, the solids that settle
form _________.
(a) Activated sludge (b) Primary sludge
(c) Secondary sludge (d) Both (a) and (c)
60. The supernatant left after sedimentation of sewage water during primary
treatment is known as
(a) Affluent (b) Flocs (c) Sludge (d) Effluent
61. Which of the following is transferred from primary settling tank to another tank
for secondary treatment?
(a) Grit (b) Sludge (c) Effluent (d) Floc
Figures given for questions 62 – 70.

62. What does figure (a) depict?

(a) Adenovirus (b) Rhinovirus (c) Bacteriophage (d) Tobacco mosaic virus
63. What does ‘s’ represent in the figure (a)?
(a) Plate (b) Head (c) Tail (d) Prongs
64. What does ‘p’ indicate in the figure (a)?
(a) Plate (b) Head (c) Collar (d) Prongs
65. What does ‘r’ indicate in the figure (a)?
(a) Head (b) Collar (c) Tail (d) Plate
66. What does ‘u’ represent in the figure (a)?
(a) Prongs (b) Pins (c) Plate (d) Collar
67. What does ‘q’ indicate in the figure (a)?
(a) Head (b) Collar (c) Tail (d) Plate
68. What does ‘t’ represent in the figure (a)?
(a) Collar (b) Prongs (c) Tail (d) Pins
69. What does figure (b) depict?
(a) Adenovirus (b) Rhinovirus
(c) Bacteriophage (d) Tobacco mosaic virus
70. Which does figure (c) depict?
(a) Fungal cells (b) Sclereids
(c) TMV (d) Bacteria
71. The secondary treatment of sewage waste is also known as _________.
(a) Chemical treatment (b) Physical treatment
(c) Biological treatment (d) Detoxification
72. Which of the following is used in secondary treatment of sewage water?
(a) Fermentation tanks (b) Digester tanks
(c) Detoxification tanks (d) Aeration tanks
73. What kind of microbes is present in ‘flocs’ formed during secondary treatment of
sewage?
(a) Aerobic (b) Anaerobic (c) Symbiotic (d) Aero tolerant
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 5
74. In context of secondary treatment of sewage, ‘flocs’ is associated with which
microbes?
(a) Bacteria and algae (b) Algae and fungus
(c) Fungi and bacteria (d) Fungi and lichen
75. What is BOD?
(a) Bacterial Oxygen Demand (b) Biological Organic Debris
(c) Biochemical Organic Demand (d) Biochemical Oxygen Demand
76. The ‘flocs’ present in large aeration tanks causes _________ in BOD.
(a) Decrease (b) Increase (c) No change (d) Either (a) or (b)
77. BOD can be defined as
(a) Amount of CO2 consumed if all the inorganic matter in one litre of water is
oxidized by bacteria.
(b) Amount of O2 consumed if all the organic matter in one decilitre of water is
reduced by bacteria.
(c) Amount of O2 consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water is
oxidized by bacteria.
(d) Amount of O2 consumed if all the inorganic matter in one litre of water is
oxidized by bacteria.
78. BOD is the measure of _________ in water.
(a) Organic matter (b) Inorganic matter
(c) Bacterial load (d) Toxicity
79. BOD _________ polluting potential of waste water.
(a) Is not proportional to (b) Is directly proportional to
(c) Is inversely proportional to (d) None of these
80. Once BOD from the sewage is reduced significantly, the ‘flocs’ are allowed to
sediment and it is known as _________.
(a) Primary sludge (b) Secondary sludge
(c) Activated sludge (d) Inactivated sludge
81. What is shown in this figure?

(a) Biogas plant (b) Sewage treatment plant

(c) Fermentors (d) Distillation apparatus
82. The remaining major part of activated sludge is pumped into large tanks called
_________.
(a) Aerobic fermenters (b) Anaerobic fermenters
(c) Aerobic Sludge digesters (d) Anaerobic sludge digesters
83. In an anaerobic sludge digester, anaerobically digesting bacteria digest which
microbes?
(a) Fungi (b) Bacteria (c) Algae (d) Both (a) and (b)

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 6

84. What is shown in the figure?

(a) Transmission electron microscope (b) Fermentation plant

(c) Sewage treatment (d) Large Hadron Collider
85. In an anaerobic sludge digester, during the digestion process, mixture of gases
like _________ are produced.
(a) CH4, H2O, O2 (b) C2H6, H2S, CO2
(c) CH4, H2O2, CO2 (d) CH4, H2S, CO2
86. The gases that evolve from anaerobic sludge digester constitute _________.
(a) Natural gas (b) Biogas (c) Water gas (d) None of these
87. After secondary treatment, the effluent is released into
(a) Digester tank (b) Filtration unit
(c) Water bodies (d) Chemical treatment unit
88. Which ministry has initiated Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan?
(a) Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
(b) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
(c) Ministry of Community Health and Diseases
(d) Ministry of Environment and Forest
89. Which gas is the main constituent of biogas?
(a) H2S (b) CH4 (c) C2H6 (d) C3H8
90. The gas produced as end-product during growth and metabolism of microbes
depends on
(a) Nature of microbe and substrate (b) Nature of digester tank and microbe
(c) Nature of microbe only (d) Oxygen levels in the digester tank

Microbes in Production of Biogas

91. Methanogens produce certain gases by growing on cellulosic material. What
kind of organisms are they?
(a) Fungi (b) Algae (c) Bacteria (d) Lichen
92. Methanogens are _________ microbes.
(a) Anaerobic (b) Aerobic (c) Microaerophiles (d) Aerotobront
93. Methanogens produces which gases amongst the following list of gases?
CH4, O2, CO2, H2O2, H2S, H2
(a) CH4, H2O2, H2 (b) H2S, H2, CO2
(c) CH4, H2, CO2 (d) H2S, H2O2, CO2

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 7

94. The most commonly found methanogens in anaerobic sludge is _________.
(a) Ethanobacterium (b) Methanobacterium
(c) Cyanobacterium (d) Both (b) and (c)
95. The rumen of cattle harbours which bacteria?
(a) Methanogens (b) Cyanobacteria
(c) Cellulogens (d) Ethanogens
96. What is the role of bacteria present in the rumen of cattle?
(a) Production of methane (b) Regulation of digestion
(c) Breakdown of cellulose (d) Synthesis of polysaccharides
97. Gobar gas is the same as _________.
(a) Water gas (b) Biogas (c) Natural gas (d) None of these
98. The depth of concrete tank, a part of biogas plant, ranges from _________ to
_________.
(a) 10–15 feet (b) 10–15 metre (c) 15–20 feet (d) 15–20 metre
99. What is the input material for a biogas plant?
(a) Bio wastes (b) Slurry of dung (c) Industrial waste (d) Both (a) and (b)
100. A _________ is placed over the slurry in biogas plant.
(a) Gas holder (b) Floating cover (c) Digester (d) Gas filter
101. The spent slurry in a biogas plant is used as _________.
(a) Pesticide (b) Fertilizer (c) Insecticide (d) Herbicide
102. Apart from cooking, biogas is generally used in rural areas for _________.
(a) Mechanical work (b) Lighting
(c) Chemical transformation (d) None of these
103. Which institutes have actively participated in the development of technology for
biogas production?
IARI, IIT, IISC, KVIM, KVIC.
(a) IIT and KVIM (b) IISC and KVIC (c) KVIC and IARI (d) IARI and KVIM
104. IARI stands for
(a) Indian Aviation Research Institute
(b) Indian Aerospace Research Institute
(c) Indian Atomic Research Institute
(d) Indian Agricultural Research Institute

Microbes in Biocontrol Agents

105. Biocontrol refers to
(a) Indiscriminate use of microbes for human welfare
(b) Use of microbes to control plant diseases
(c) Use of microbes to control cattle diseases
(d) Both (b) and (c)
106. A beetle with ‘red and black’ markings is known as _________.
(a) Dragonfl y (b) Ladybird (c) Clever Wasp (d) Queen Ant
107. Dragonflies are useful to get rid of _________.
(a) Ladybird (b) Aphids (c) Mosquitoes (d) Both (b) and (c)
108. Butterfly caterpillars can be controlled by use of the microbe _________.
(a) Bacillus stearothermophilus (b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Bacillus Chemophilus (d) Bacillus terminates
109. ‘Bt’ is available in sachets as dried _________.
(a) Spores (b) Capsules (c) Seeds (d) Both (a) and (b)

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 8

110. The figure shows:

(a) Primary treatment (b) Activated sludge

(c) Secondary treatment (d) Flocs
111. ‘Bt’ spores are mixed with _________ and sprayed on vulnerable plants.
(a) Only alcohol (b) Any organic solvent
(c) Only water (d) Any aqueous solvent
112. Scientists have introduced _________ gene into plants to impart resistance to
insect pests.
(a) Ct gene (b) Bt gene (c) Tt gene (d) Mt gene
113. Which fungus is used in plants to provide control against pests?
(a) Aspergillus (b) Trichoderma (c) Trichophyton (d) Rhizopus
114. _________ are the pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods.
(a) Rhinovirus (b) Baculovirus (c) Ranikhet Virus (d) Bean Virus
115. Baculovirus belongs to the genus
(a) Retrohedro Virus (b) Nucleohedero-Virus
(c) Nucleopolyhedro Virus (d) Polyhedral Virus
116. IPM stands for
(a) Indian Pollution Management (b) Institute of Pest Management
(c) Integrated Pest Management (d) Institute of Pollution Management
117. Root nodules of leguminous plants bear which microbe?
(a) Rhizopus (b) Rhino virus (c) Rhizome (d) Rhizobium
118. This image is an aerial view of a _________ .

(a) Nuclear reactor (b) Sewage plant

(c) Biogas plant (d) Fermentation plant
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 9
119. _________ are free living bacteria which fi x atmospheric nitrogen in soil.
(a) Azobacterium (b) Acetobacterium (c) Azotobacter (d) Azabacterium
120. Fungi which form symbiotic associations with plants are _________.
(a) Rhizobium (b) Mycorrhiza (c) Azospirillum (d) Oscillatoria
121. Mycorrhiza absorbs _________ from soil and passes it to the plant.
(a) K (b) P (c) Fe (d) Mg
122. _________ bacteria fixes atmospheric N2 in aquatic and terrestrial environments.
(a) Cyanobacteria (b) Azotobacter
(c) Methanobacteria (d) Mycorrhiza
123. _________ serve as an important bio-fertilizer in paddy fields.
(a) Cyanobacteria (b) Azotobacter
(c) Methanobacterium (d) Mycorrhiza
124. Which microbe adds organic matter to the soil to increase its fertility?
(a) Azotobacter (b) Blue-green algae
(c) Rhizobium (d) Trichoderma
Figure given for questions 125 – 129.

125. What does ‘P’ indicate in the figure?

(a) Dung and vegetable waste (b) Water and dung
(c) Vegetable and human excreta (d) All of these
126. What does ‘R’ indicate in the figure?
(a) Effluent (b) Gas (c) Gas holder (d) Filtration
127. What does ‘S’ indicate in the figure?
(a) Digester (b) Gas purifier (c) Gas holder (d) Sludge tank
128. What does ‘T’ indicate in the figure?
(a) By-product collector (b) Sludge
(c) Digester (d) Gas holder
129. What does ‘U’ indicate in the figure?
(a) Gas holder (b) Digester (c) Sludge (d) Waste collector
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
130. When domestic sewage mixes with river water [AIPMT MAINS 2010]
(a) Small animals like rats will die after drinking river water.
(b) The increased microbial activity releases micronutrients such as iron.
(c) The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen.
(d) The river water is still suitable for drinking as impurities are only about 0.1
per cent.
131. Which one of the following is not a nitrogen fixing organism?
(a) Anabaena (b) Nostoc (c) Azotobacter (d) Pseudomonas

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 10

132. Select the correct statement from the following. [AIPMT PRE 2010]
(a) Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on animal waste.
(b) Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle.
(c) Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is pure methane.
(d) Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tank of sewage treatment plant is a
right source of aerobic bacteria.
133. A common biocontrol agent for the control of plant diseases is
[AIPMT PRE 2010]
(a) Baculovirus (b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Glomus (d) Trichoderma
134. Big holes in Swiss cheese are made by a
(a) Machine
(b) Bacterium that produces methane gas.
(c) Bacterium producing a large amount of carbon dioxide.
(d) Fungus that releases lot of gases during its metabolic activities.
135. Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B).
“A drug used for A patients is obtained from a species of the organism B”
The one correct option for the two blanks is [AIPMT MAINS 2011]
A B
(a) Heart Penicillium
(b) Organ-tranplant Trichoderma
(c) Swine flu Monascus
(d) AIDS Pseudomonas
136. Which one of the following is a wrong matching of a microbe and its industrial
product, while the remaining three are correct? [AIPMT MAINS 2011]
(a) Yeast – statins (b) Acetobacter aceti – acetic acid
(c) Clostridium butylicum – lactic acid (d) Aspergillus niger – citric acid
137. The residue left after methane production from cattle dung is
(a) Burnt (b) Buried in landfills
(c) Used as manure (d) Used in civil construction
138. Which one of the following helps in absorption of phosphorus from soil by
plants? [AIPMT PRE 2011]
(a) Rhizobium (b) Frankia (c) Anabaena (d) Glomus
139. Methanogens do not produce
(a) Oxygen (b) Methane (c) Hydrogen sulphide (d) Carbon dioxide
140. Secondary sewage treatment is mainly a [AIPMT PRE 2011]
(a) Mechanical process (b) Chemical process
(c) Biological process (d) Physical process
141. Which one of the following is not a biofertilizer? [AIPMT PRE 2011]
(a) Rhizobium (b) Nostoc (c) Mycorrhiza (d) Agrobacterium
142. Activated sludge should have the ability to settle quickly so that it can
(a) Be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank.
(b) Absorb pathogenic bacteria present in waste water while sinking to the
bottom of the settling tank.
(c) Be discarded and anaerobically digested.
(d) Absorb colloidal organic matter.
143. Ethanol is commercially produced through a particular species of
[AIPMT PRE 2011]
(a) Clostridium (b) Trichoderma (c) Aspergillus (d) Saccharomyces
144. In gobar gas, the maximum amount is that of [AIPMT MAINS 2012]
(a) Methane (b) Propane (c) Carbon dioxide (d) Butane

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 11

145. Match the items in ‘Column-A’ and ‘Column-B’ and choose the correct answer.
Column-A Column-B
(i) Lady bird (A) Methanobacterium
(ii) Mycorrhiza (B) Trichoderma
(iii) Biological control (C) Aphids
(iv) Biogas (D) Glomus
The correct answer is
(a) i-B, ii-D, iii-C, iv-A (b) i-C, ii-D, iii-B, iv-A
(c) i-D, ii-A, iii-B, iv-C (d) i -C, ii-B, iii-A, iv-D
146. The domestic sewage in large cities [AIPMT MAINS 2012]
(a) Is processed by aerobic and then anaerobic bacteria in the secondary
treatment in Sewage Treatment Plant (STPs).
(b) When treated in STPs does not really require the aeration step as the sewage
contains adequate oxygen.
(c) Has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts.
(d) Has a high BOD as it contains both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
147. Monascus purpureus is a yeast used commercially in the production of
[AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Ethanol (b) Streptokinase for removing clots from the blood vessels
(c) Citric acid (d) Blood cholesterol lowering statins
148. A patient brought to a hospital with myocardial infarction is normally
immediately given [AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Penicillin (b) Streptokinase (c) Cyclosporin-A (d) Statins
149. Which of the following microbes forms symbiotic association with plants and
helps them in their nutrition? [AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Azotobacter (b) Aspergillus (c) Glomus (d) Trichoderma
150. Yeast is used in the production of [AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Citric acid and lactic acid (b) Lipase and pectinase
(c) Bread and beer (d) Cheese and butter
151. A nitrogen-fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice field is
[AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Spirulina (b) Anabaena (c) Frankia (d) Tolypothrix
152. Which one of the following is an example that carries out biological control of
pests/diseases using microbes? [AIPMT PRE 2012]
(a) Trichoderma sp. against certain plant pathogens
(b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus against white rust in Brassica
(c) Bt-cotton to increase cotton yield
(d) Ladybird beetle against aphids in mustard
153. A good producer of citric acid is [AIPMT 2013]
(a) Aspergillus (b) Pseudomonas
(c) Clostridium (d) Saccharomyces
154. Which of the following are likely to be present in deep sea water? [AIPMT 2013]
(a) Archaebacteria (b) Eubacteria
(c) Blue-green algae (d) Saprophytic fungi
155. During sewage treatment, biogas is produced which includes [AIPMT 2015]
(a) Methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide
(b) Methane, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide
(c) Hydrogen sulphide, methane, sulphur dioxide
(d) Hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, methane
156. What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters? [AIPMT 2014]
(a) Methane and CO2 only (b) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and CO2
(c) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and O2 (d) Hydrogen sulphide and CO2

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157. High value of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) indicates that [AIPMT 2015]
(a) Water is pure (b) Water is average polluted (c) Water is less polluted
(d) Consumption of organic matter in the water is higher by the microbes
158. Match the following list of microbes and their importance:
Column I Column II
(A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (i) Production of immunosuppressive agents
(B) Monascus purpureus (ii) Ripening of Swiss cheese
(C) Trichoderma polysporum (iii) Commercial production of ethanol
(D) Propionibacterium shermanii (iv) cholesterol lowering agents
Production of blood
[RE-AIPMT 2015]
(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D)
a) iv iii ii i b) iv ii i iii c) iii i iv ii d) iii iv i ii
159. Which of the following is wrongly matched in the given table? [NEET - I, 2016]
Microbe Product Application
a) Trichoderma Cyclosporin A Immunosuppressive
polysporum drug
b) Monascus Statins Lowering of blood
purpureus cholesterol
c) Streptococcus Streptockinase Removal of clot from
blood vessel
d) Clostridium Lipase Removal of oil stains
butylicum
160. Match Column – I with Column – II and select the correct options using the
codes given below: [NEET - II, 2016]
Column – I Column – II
A. Citric acid 1. Trichoderma
B. Cyclosporine A 2. Clostridium
C. Statins 3. Aspergillus
D. Butyric acid 4. Monoscus
(a) A:3, B:1, C:4, D:2 (b) A:1, B:4, C:2, D:3
(c) A:3, B:4, C:1, D:2 (d) A:3, B:1, C:2, D:4
NCERT EXEMPLAR QUESTIONS
161. The vitamin whose content increases following the conversion of milk into curd
by lactic acid bacteria is
(a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin D (c) Vitamin B12 (d) Vitamin E
162. Wastewater treatment generates a large quantity of sludge, which can be treated
by:
(a) Digesters (b) Activated sludge (c) Chemicals (d) Oxidation pond
163. Methanogenic bacteria are not found in
(a) Rumen of cattle (b) Gobar gas plant
(c) Bottom of water-logged paddy fields (d) Activated sludge
164. Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products.
Bacterium Product
(i) Aspergillus niger (A) Lactic acid
(ii) Acetobacter aceti (B) Butyric acid
(iii) Clostridium butylicum (C) Acetic acid
(iv) Lactobacillus (D) Citric acid
Choose the correct match:
(a) i-B, ii-C, iii-D, iv-A (b) i-B, ii-D, iii-C, iv-A
(c) i-D, ii-C, iii-B, iv-A (d) i-D, ii-A, iii-C, iv-B

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE Page No : 13

165. Match the following list of bioactive substances and their roles:
Bioactive substance Role
(i) Statin (A) Removal of oil stains
(ii) Cyclosporin A (B) Removal of clots from blood vessels
(iii) Streptokinase (C) Lowering of blood cholesterol
(iv) Lipase (D) Immunosuppressive agent
Choose the correct match:
(a) i-B, ii-C, iii-A, iv-D (b) i-D, ii-B, iii-A, iv-C
(c) i-D, ii-A, iii-B, iv-C (d) i-C, ii-D, iii-B, iv-A
166. The primary treatment of waste water involves the removal of
(a) Dissolved impurities (b) Stable particles
(c) Toxic substances (d) Harmful bacteria
167. BOD of waste water is estimated by measuring the amount of
(a) Total organic matter (b) Biodegradable organic matter
(c) Oxygen evolution (d) Oxygen consumption
168. Which one of the following alcoholic drinks is produced without distillation?
(a) Wine (b) Whisky (c) Rum (d) Brandy
169. The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India
largely due to the efforts of
(a) Gas Authority of India (b) Oil and Natural Gas Commission
(c) Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi and Village Industries
Commission
(d) Indian Oil Corporation
170. Which one is the most important role of micro organism for the wellbeing of
humans?
(a) Sewage treatment (b) Production of methane
(c) Biological control of plant disease (d) Conversion of milk to curd
ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
a a b b c c d d c b c b c b b
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
c d c c d c c b b c b a b b c
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
b c a b b c a a b c c b b b c
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
a b b b c b b c b c c c d b d
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
c c a b c a b d a c c d a c d
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
a c a b c c d d b d b c d b a
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
c a c b a c b a d b b b c d b
106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
b c b a c c b b b c c d b c b
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
b a a b b b c b b c d d d c b
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
c c d a c d a d a b a d b c c
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165
c a a a a b d d d a c a d c d
166 167 168 169 170
b a a c d

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