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Matrices part 2

Matrix with my sir contact

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20 views20 pages

Matrices part 2

Matrix with my sir contact

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2dsnhsjbnb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Delermivart To every £quare -™matréx A= fay] of co we can ascocfalt a numbey Creal or Complex) Sha emt Cth sade males A, where A= C15)" element of A. This way be though s of a a fonekion WES ental Agden rome Yell og wpe ambe Coat O° comply. If m4 the st of Square Matric, K is tha cet of numbers (real or com plex) and f:M—>k is dufined by flA)=h where AEM and hek | then fa is called the determinant of A. Jt i alto denoted by JA] or deb Aw a It az cue thon determinant of Anu r ah per matrix A JA) Io vind a cao of A and nel modulus of A only aquare mahiea have delerminank polenninenst of 0 mabix of order one pe [atte the ndufind de be eqpal to a "eso qs mabrix of _orday two Ld anf wn be a mabsix of ordes 240 Qz, ! Os then the Aulerminand of Ae dlfred ax ” a, Oe ae a, 1 Qs Example 4. Evaluate 2 *| - Solutton: |: s “a = 20) -4C= 41853 a1 2 m1 & Example2 § bvaluat |< | x(x) —( 44) (e-1) = xt- (x1) = £?-x7 F1>4 Ao mabrix of ordsy 4, then dihsrninarl om OPP Velevrinard of @ malyts of order 313 E xparnion clong fe! Pont) | a, Ay, % Ajo (oe Au Gy, A, As | As, Agr Ass 1" +61) ay /% 9, a Wee In Ox, 3 Q. Osy Oy Aa, Ls 3 31 4, . O,Q.~4 gy Qgy~ B23 23,) Fs (42:2s,"4,9 , (ara % 222452) ~ 4 (% ) il iB }3 o 10 Ev 3: Evaluate the determinant 83 a oes a column, wo enbtx are xe70 = 4(-1-12) -Oto= -52 eva: Evoluok A= 0 Sing = Los “Sing 0 Sing cpt ~Sinp 0 A= ef 0 "| aha stop “0 : ep? PBK ce Lond Dr = 0 —Stnw(o - Stopeosa) cosa ( Stn + -i-o= | 4 “| : ' ’ As, = (+184 Gi2) =~) May > | a = 8-3 qx O = ~o2 As. = C0"? C555 = 22 = O43 w jg é oO M,, = | 2 “| Asa = (- 343 C18) = yg At, = Wl aye oe ae Ase BF 12 Ass an Aas ls _ ST a, As: + O12 Aaa + O13 Aas - 2 C12) t 63) (22) + 5018) = "24-66 +90 =0 Aart Soe and Inverse of . Malrtx The adyeind of a aguare mattx A = [4g] nxn ts defined os the Fran spose of the matrix LAi] nm. hove Aij ts the Cofactor of the element aj. iS Adjotnd of the matrix A & denoted by adj A A= An Ai A Thon adj A = Tromspore of n c 2B Ax, Az Aas Ay As. Ass An As 431 Aj, Asr, As2 Ay Ass 433 4 3 Ex tn: Find adj A for anf? ) --3 »A,F2 Sol: We hove Ayoot,Aaer4 »Aa zt [3 E adj A= a al. lee ‘] Hence adj fae ao a doy 2, gf { Note: Fer 0 Square mahix of ordoy iver &, a, A —— The adj A can alo be obbacned by interchanging a, Ond O,, Wd by *angtng ~ 92, @y, Signs of A and a,,, te, By ‘fd ) Tri YA be ang given Square Mabix of Osder hn, then A lod A) = lady AAS Jay tohove T a tBo identity Matrix of order n. f Pefortton A Square matstx A fe Zaid fo he Singular tf JA}=o Foy exs the detesmtnant of matrtx A= pk 2 Kk 2 Hene A tsa Singular mato, A square malyix A te satd 40 f Nem "iq ll, 1) inlfe J a ‘ wt A [. ‘| 1 then latest 3] ofc Hence A fee ae matre x an 2! HooA and B are she non- alnguloy motrtce, of same Oder, thon AB and BA ove obec non-singular matte, of the zame ord, product of mahicen & equal fo produch of thoty suapechtve dutevrminamd® » that uw JAB] = |All B), where hm 3: The oletermtnand of the A amd B axe AQuore matric, of the same order f Nok : YA & o Square mabex of Orde n, Shon 1 J adj (A)| = JAI" Thin 4° A square mocsix ix invertible 1f and only if A fp Ton-atngules matréx. te ATs —— adj A [A] Ex 13; S | g 13 A | |e dhon verity thal a og ba A.adj A = fA) 1. Abo find A Sl: faj= 4 (16-9) -3(4-3) + 3(3~4) = 410. . Aa)=~3 Now, Ass = 7% a Aan = As,= 4 ' or | As3= 4 ace gta at Gd BA SED 1 qi ; ae : : oo 3 A (adj A) = ~ “ eats ace igt ° . a 3 4 < : vb ” T-3-3 -343+40 ae 4 i © tiSnnrseuso, Si 7-3-4 “34340 -3t044 aap a = o of = (alo, 8 tans Cc oe -4 Ate As A ody A 1A) ce ae = Ser lt ie “I 6 vnlfy that (AB)? = pias Sol’ Lee have AB: | 2 4 4afe[~ & ‘ rallt 2)>] | JAB) = —41 #6 a & d éven (AB) exh am od by ae fem « (AB) taal adj (AB) - | 14 °] ey JAl = -ll#o and 18) =4 fo. Aland B! Both oxut and are an ty Jj _t, {-4# 3 [hk B= 3 2 Ae [2 2] ee eee (ee os gl aoe Ag ae ey ae ey Hence (AB) = Bla! yr vty fhat (AB) = RIA” we have aw [2 diecak ~1 6 sel a <4 ls G -« Jab) =~ ¥6 cap)! exuk and is geen by | : ‘ “in bee jaa) adj(an) aL. 4 2] io. 42 J {Al = -ll #0 and |8) =4 #o. Aland 8! Both oxut and are given by wogpe ap Ld] = st Hence (A8)'= BA om OA [2 ‘| amet PD then] ix A=]? 3 Chow that the matrix | ; es hada, -4A1I=0, where J ty 15 th equation A ae | flent ity matrix, and O, 4 2X2 yr0 mat, | Ling dha equation, find Av 4 Sol: We have Are ans [a dic Sig [ bs Ja a“ 2 4a 2 4 | a 4 A vast | )- [3 Js mee ot he o } 0 feo Now AL-4A+T=06 AA - 4A =-IT AANAN OS AB” = -Tal (Fe : ‘ont rnubttplytng by At becouse IA l29) A(As') ~ 42 =~ AT AT -47 =-,7 Cor) A “rede deg m2 i ai PELL Applications of Deleominant ard «Mabie. (onsisler! Sytem! fA inte of aquatlons le said conmulent Uf it solatton (one or rnove Jextls to be smigranen! Syxtem: A ay tem of equations ie raf b fo encortutont tf nf tolubton does nok exut- caption ol type of Krenn eguetees es ogee inverse of a mahty. ae Comsides the os of equattore a,x in y +ez22d, Q2X rhyraesds asx + boy $c ds a, bite og, Of REE x d, Lt I hoochie y and [a a, 4, & 2 ds Then , the aypbem of equations com be sorttlen om Ax =B fe» ap: 4, oy x & as Fe es [3] [2] a3 3 63 Pr Cae fe: Sf Aba non Ayes mattx, 4h, Care . + en tk fnverge evi Ax =B BiG) ade (Promultiplying by A”) (ATA) Xx = alg (by easocative Prepest, Ix= A‘g Page = Lx=x 8} “Ths mebytx equation pro vich unique Solutio, ven system of Cyrattons oy fh very of a matty & untajie This methoof of Solving of equations tc tron on Makex Metheg fo the a Coe D: YoAa ° Alngulay matrix othen JA}~o Fn I dA) B xO Co bes, 9 Zex0 maki) then Solution dow hot extet and the Ayton, of equa tom, & called neonitent. ¥ (adja) B= 9. thm system mag be etttn Consistent oy tnconsis Len| according a the System have etthey Enferi bely many Soluktony, 7 no 4oluk Foy, , a Solve the typlen of equation. = 2x +5y= 1 3x4 24 =% mi the systere of egprccbtons can be wrtlen in “1? the fom AX = B, where ax fo Z1f [3] and Bf] Now [A] = -44 #0. Hence AL non- Kingulor Pee cad @ aot aaa untgue solubton. = ALB — ae i D) ' 1 > eb ote — ra * os tte te wo a ; ie wa i oz 3 i Exit: Solve the folle wing sytim of equations By matetx method. 3x-2y +3z= 8 axty aed 4x ~3y faze t = gt The Sip fom of equad tons can be wrt, | the form AX=B. where mf ~ ls 2 t “] d + --3 2 / " “/ y JAl= s(a-3) + 20424) + 3(-¢-4) - a xe Hene , A & nom -singulary and 4 Ph bp vi Now “re of A= - 44 a Ag, = -& Ae) Ay. 2 = = 8 An= ~¢ A 32 = Ais =-lo Asse 2549 As,=%

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