lnit-5) Met ces and Detentnants

Q-1 Psue tht the clet bq -b be

Ca cb-ct

b,c common fnonm R1, Ryand Ry

[et Taking 4,
nesjetiuely
-a b
abc 4 -b

from (1, (2and (3

laking q, b, c common

|-1 1 1
= q'62c2| 1 -1 1
1 1 -1

-1+1 1t 4) 4
1+(-1) -1t1
-1
1+1 lt(-1)
ftst
" bjamding along
2 collun,
= a26'c =a'bc2 [2(2-0)J
2

. ence oed.
 (19)
( By using the þohen Hes o detenminamtz,show hat
det |1 q q?
= (a-6Dlb-c) le - a).
1 C
1 4 a
Lonstden uHs. 1 b b3

4 al
L2-a3

from R, and
fnon a fnom R,
Taking Ch-a)(ommo
q2

- (h-a)(-a) 1 bt4
A 1 acta

Bsjanding alorg Aoat

fst column,
bt
: (b-a)le-a ) 1

(b-a) le-a ) (ita -b-a)

- (ba) ll-a)(i-b)
=(a-b)b-c)le-a)

H..
" L-HoS. = R.
Hemce , þ o d
 Calulate the inuese off the
the matrix
2 4 iiDA 23
43 LS -7
1 -2 4

the cofeton od the element aij in

Lo Tet C1i be
m atal x A.
of the elementi of the
Now, he cofauary
-2))= (2+1o):2p
C (-1)1+1 - 1 (3xt -(sx
: - (26-5) = -23
Cn:(1"--1(24g
2= -1(tx4--Sx1)a
(?x-2-(3x1) ) =kit-3): -|}
C13 k1)*?
4-2
ae
ow elemeis
Co factOy o 4elond
=
(6x2)) -ls-12) =-4
4 -6
C21 =(-l ylt -2 4 -1(tnt-
(8-(-6 x1) ) = (8 +6)=J4
2 -6 -
4
-ta))- -(t-+) = &
-1(2x-2
elernet ane :
thld
" Co faten e
(ans-tox3))=(20+11) = 38
(1o42) =-s2
C72 -(-3+2
-(5-(sx))=-
(6-28) = -22
(2x33-
3 : (2x 4x7) =
C33=(-)3+3
 (23)
-23 -17
The co- faten mathix o =22
A
-4
L38 - S2 -22

Thene fanc
-4 38
22
adj A= -23 14 -S2

-1+ -22

betenminant of A =2 1 4

A = 2x 22 - 4xo23 -6 X-17
De+
44 -9 2 +10 2
= 44 +10
=54

Invense e A = adý A
Det A
38
22 -4
A - 3 14 -s2
54 -22

38/s4
22/54 -t/st
-52/54
j4/5 4
-23/54 -22/5 +
L 12/54 8/54
19/27
19 /23 -2/27
-13/s4 -26/17
L-?/54 +/27 91/2?
 24

to
ee, 441 aj = 3, 4 5 an d 422 =
So cofets ne i -5
Az = -a =
Aj1 4y2 2
-3 A = a11
A12 - -a|2

Thenefane,
ady A = 2.
= -29
3x5 = -14 - |5
Det (A )= 2x-4 -

Det(A)= -29
[-3 -5
Inuerse o< A - adj A - 2
de+(A) 9

S/29
A-1 (a/29
3/19 -2/29
 25)
Q-6 Define the falloutng temy
Elenmemts Matrix
’ Bn elememt matyix s a general term fan a mat1ik
thatcongsts of elemnerd avangcd in nous and
12 3
dollemmy,
Examble A=L7 t5 6
9 |

(6)Row matix
A now matoix s a mat1ix wtth a single
mutttple olemns
8B = [1 22 33 4
LoExamle
)Colemn Matrix
Acolmn mat x sa matlx tth aa stngle column an
multple nous. 4
Examle -
4

KdDiagonal Motiix
mati 's a a matrix tn wwbich
all elementi
Adlagona! maln diagonal ane zeno.
Gutide the
lo Excamplet D =Ro
e) Scalan Matlx
is a sbecial diagona! matik whene all
Ascalan mat1lx
diagonal elementi ane egual.
4 0
EX mple 4
(F)Unit Matiix (on Ident ty Matitx
mtdentiy matix c ascalan matix where all
cdtagona element ane 1 arel all ather elementsare .
Examnple : I 1 o o 1 0
0o 1

KTilangulas Matlx
Attamgulan matlx k a matrlx Po which all entales
above on below the 2 mato
3
diagona! as
are zer0.

Exanle: F
=t5
OConparalle Metites
Two matilces ane cormpanable If they hwe the same
onclen. (same no. of nons and ollmny).
fs 4 2| 11 6 9
oExeumple s ALs6 5 31 35 8 2
Matrces Aamd Bane companabe.
Eguality of Maticei
Matile ane egual f hey have the ame sncler and
Lonespondtng elememt, ane eaal.
Lo Example f n*amd 8=? 2,then A= B.
(iSkew -Symmet1ic Matix

matnix whose tramapose 1s eual to ts negatve.

h=0 -2 3
Erample | o -sTs a skew-symmetc.
2 2
 ftnd the matrix B such that 2A'+38=d
L12-5.
Solu 6-3 2
9 -6

2 6 -3 12.
2AT= L3 9 -6

2A+ 38 = 0 [oatvem]
2AT =-38

- 2A = B eguotion
p t hT value In it.
uSing equotion, we
3
4

B=
L3x2

2x-2 2 4x-2
B= -2
- 3x -2 -2x-2

8=
L- 2 -6 4
8 Ftncd AB anc BA uhere A= 2
-1nd B=!2 24+ 66
L-2 L1 i 2 ?
AxA: 1-2+1 2-4+2 3-6+3
-3+4 -1 -6t6-2 -9 +l2 -3
2t2+o -4+4 -6+6 t0

AxB=

-1+4+3 1-2 +0
a-6-6 2-4 0
BxA = 212-12 -2+8+ 6
1-2 + O
1-6-6 -1+4t3

-11 6 -1
BxA=-22 |2
11

andC 4 p'reue thact

A(B) -(AB)C
Boly L"L H.&, = A(BCJ F12++5 -+25
4 46
BxC = 9 5
42
-|33 4
40 66+432 3+240

6
A(8xc) = 2
231+144 28+80
 29)
A(Bc) -498 29 8
108

Rott-s. =(AB )C
-6 Io+48 -6
AxB
|-21 35 t l6 -21 51

-24+ 522 -42+29o

(AXB)C = -6-21S1 X 4 7
84 459 47+255

498 248
(AB)C = 108
375

L- H A. = Re H-5.

AlBc) = AB)C
Hene,broued.
0-10 Evaluate he ddeteminant A=1 2
|-1
44 1 o
Expand along thud ouumn,
4 4-1-12) -0 +0
=4(-13) = -52
|(11 bwi thout exfamchvng pree that ?
Xy t2
clet Z

1 1

t2 n+9 t2 ntyt7

1 1 1

Taking (hty+z) common from Ry

1N 1 1
- (nty t2)
1 1 1

R1 and Rz ae tdenttal coumny o< a

two Now an
"BY roherty : jf any them
cletenmn ant ne tclemtHeal
value o eletenminant 1s eno
Hence, broed.