CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS MATHEMATICS ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034

CHAPTER 7
FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS

69 139
(c) (d)
MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS QUESTION 8.
4 4

8. What is the remainder on dividing

2x3 + 6x2 - 17x - 4 by 2x + 1 ?:
(a) 394 (b) 1234
23
(c) 4 (d) 1394
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
QUESTION 9.
QUESTION 1. 9. If the sum of remainders obtained on dividing
1. The remainder when f ]x g = x2 - 5x + 7 is divided x3 + ^kx + 8h x + k by x + 1 and x - 2 is 1, then
by x - 1 , is: the value of k is:
(a) 3 (b) 8 (a) 2 (b) 1
(c) 4 (d) 12 (c) – 1 (d) – 2
QUESTION 2. QUESTION 10.
2. What is the remainder obtained on dividing 10. If ^x - 2h is a factor of 2x3 - x2 - px - 2 , then the
f ]x g = 6x3 - 3x2 - 8x + 7 by x - 2 : value of p is:
(a) – 37 (b) 27 (a) 6 (b) 4
(c) 37 (d) –27 (c) 5 (d) 8
QUESTION 3. QUESTION 11.
3. What is the remainder when f ^x h = x2 - 4x + 2 is 11. If both ^x - 2h and ^x - 2 h are the factors of
1

divided by 2x + 1 ? px2 + 5x + r , then:

(a) 12 (b) 94 (a) p = r (b) p = 2r
3
(c) 4 (d) 174 (c) 2p = r (d) p = r + 2
QUESTION 4.
QUESTION 12.
4. What is the remainder when 2x3 - 7x2 + 5x - 9 is 12. If ^x - a h is a factor of the polynomial
divided by 2x - 3 ? p ]x g = x3 - ax2 + 2x + 2 ,
21 21
(a) - 2 (b) - 4 then the value of a is:
(a) –1 (b) –3
129 129
(c) - 4 (d) - 2 (c) –2 (d) – 2
QUESTION 13.
QUESTION 5. 13. If x - 2 is a factor of x3 + 2x2 - kx + 10 , then the
5. What is the value of the polynomial 3x + 5x - 4
2
value of k is:
at x = - 3 ?
(a) 23 (b) 5
(a) 28 (b) 22
(c) 13 (d) 16
(c) 64 (d) 8
QUESTION 14.
QUESTION 6. 14. If both ^x - 2h and ^x + 3h are the factors of the
6. What is the value of the polynomial
expression x3 + ax2 + bx - 12 , then the value of
3x3 + 7x2 + 11x - 1 at x = 1 ? ^a + bh is:
(a) 20 (b) 30
(a) 14 (b) – 4
(c) – 30 (d) – 8
(c) 6 (d) – 1
QUESTION 7.
7. What is the remainder on dividing 3x2 - 5x + 11 QUESTION 15.
15. Given that ^x + 2h and ^x + 4h are the factors
by 2x + 5 ?
of 3x3 + ax2 - 6x - b . The values of a and b
(a) 394 (b) 1694
respectively are:

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ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034 MATHEMATICS CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS

(a) 4, 7 (b) 7, 4 (c) 26 (d) – 26

(c) 13, 40 (d) 40, 13 QUESTION 25.
QUESTION 16. 25. If polynomial f ^x h = x3 - 3x2 + 4x + 50 is divided
16. If 8x 4 - 8x2 + 7 is divided by 2x + 1, the remainder by x + 3 , the remainder will be
is (a) - 16 (b) - 12
(a) 172 (b) 112 (c) - 20 (d) - 10
15
(c) 2 (d) 192 QUESTION 26.
QUESTION 17. 26. The value of a for which ^x + a h is a factor of the
17. If 2x3 + kx2 - ^5x - 3h x + 8 is divide by x + 2 , polynomial x3 + ax2 - 2x + a + 6 is
the remainder is 30, then the value of k is: (a) 4 (b) 2
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) - 4 (d) - 2
(c) 10 (d) 11 QUESTION 27.
QUESTION 18. 27. If ^x - 3h is a factor of x2 + x - a , then the value
18. When the polynomial x + 2x - kx + 4 is divided
3 2
of a is_______.
by x - 2 , the remainder is k. The value of k is: (a) – 12 (b) 12
(a) 10 (b) - 283 (c) 6 (d) – 6
(c) - 3
20
(d) 20 QUESTION 28.
QUESTION 19. 28. Assertion : ^x + 2h and ^x - 1h are factors of the
19. What number should be added to the polynomial polynomial x 4 + x3 + 2x2 + 4x - 8 .
p ^x h = 2x3 - 3x2 - 8x so that it leaves a remainder Reason : For a polynomial p ^x h of degree$ 1,
10 when divided by 2x + 1 ? x - a is a factor of the polynomial p ^x h if and
(a) 3 (b) 7 only if p ^a h $ 1.
(c) 10 (d) 13 (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason
QUESTION 20.
is the correct explanation of assertion.
20. If x - 2 is a factor of the expression (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason
x3 + ax2 + bx + 6 . When the expression is divided is not the correct explanation of assertion.
by ^x - 3h , it leaves a remainder 3. Then the (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
values of a and b respectively are: (d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
(a) – 4, 1 (b) 1, 4 QUESTION 29.
(c) – 1, 4 (d) 4, – 1 29. Assertion : The remainder when p ^x h
QUESTION 21.
p (x) = x3 - 6x2 + 2x - 4 is divided by ^3x - 1h is
21. If the polynomials kx3 - 7x2 + 7x - 2 and - 107 .
27
x3 - 2kx2 + 8x - 8 leave the same remainder when
Reason : If a polynomial p ^x h is divided by ax - b
divided by x - 2 , then the value of k is:
(a) – 1 (b) 1 , the remainder is the value of p ^x h at x = b .
a
(c) – 2 (d) 2 (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason
is the correct explanation of assertion.
QUESTION 22. (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason
22. If ^x + 2h and ^x + 3h are the factors of the
is not the correct explanation of assertion.
polynomial f ^x h = x3 + ax + b , then the value of
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
a is_______.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
(a) – 19 (b) – 30
(c) 30 (d) 19
QUESTION 23.
23. If the polynomial ax3 + 3x2 - 9 and 2x3 + 4x + a
leaves the same remainder when divided by x + 3
, then the value of a is______. SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
(a) 3 (b) – 3 QUESTION 30.
(c) 6 (d) – 6 30. Find the remainder when x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 divided
by
QUESTION 24.
24. If dividing 2x3 + 3x2 - kx + 5 by x - 2 , we get a (i) x + 1 (ii) x - 1
2
remainder 7, then the value of k is: (iii) x (iv) x + p
(a) 13 (b) – 13

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CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS MATHEMATICS ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034

(v) 5 + 2x QUESTION 44.

44. If x - a is the factor of 3x2 - mx - na , then prove
QUESTION 31. that a = m + n .
31. Find the remainder when x3 - ax2 + 6x - a is 3
divided by x - a . QUESTION 45.
45. If x - 2 is one factor of quadratic polynomial
QUESTION 32.
3
32. Check whether 7 + 3x is a factor of 3x + 7x . kx2 + 3x + k , then the what is the value of k ?

QUESTION 33. QUESTION 46.

33. Find the remainder, when x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 is 46. If one of the factor of the quadratic polynomial
divided by ^x - 1h . ^k - 1h x2 + kx + 1 is x + 3 , then what is the value
of k ?
QUESTION 34.
34. Using remainder theorem find the remainder
when x3 - 2x2 - 4x + 3 is divided by x + 1. QUESTION 47.
47. Find the remainder (without division) when
QUESTION 35. x2 - 2x + 4 divided by x - 1
35. Determine which of the following polynomial has
(x + 1) a factor : QUESTION 48.
(i) x3 + x2 + x + 1 48. Find the remainder (without division) when
(ii) x 4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1 2x3 - 3x2 + 7x - 8 is divided by x - 1.
QUESTION 36. QUESTION 49.
36. Determine which of the following polynomial has 49. Find remainder using remainder theorem if
(x + 1) a factor : x3 + 4x + 2 is divided by x + 2
(i) x 4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + x + 1 QUESTION 50.
(ii) x3 - x2 - (2 + 2 ) x + 2 50. Find remainder using remainder theorem if
QUESTION 37. 4x3 - 3x2 + 5x + 4 is divided by 2x + 1.
37. Use the factor theorem to determine whether g (x) QUESTION 51.
is a factor of p (x) in each of the following cases : 51. Find remainder using remainder theorem if
(i) p (x) = 2x3 + x2 - 2x - 1, g (x) = x + 1 4x3 + 5x2 + 6x - 7 is divided by 2x - 1.
(ii) p (x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1, g (x) = x + 2
QUESTION 52.
(iii) p (x) = x3 - 4x2 + x + 6, g (x) = x - 3 52. What number should be added to x2 + 5 so that
QUESTION 38. the resulting polynomial leaves the remainder 3
38. Find the value of k if x - 1 is a factor of p (x) in when divided by x + 3 ?
each of the following cases :
QUESTION 53.
(i) p (x) = x2 + x + k 53. What number should be subtracted from 3x2 + 5x
(ii) p (x) = 2x2 + kx + 2 so that the resulting polynomial leaves the
(iii) p (x) = kx2 - 2 x + 1 remainder 1 when divided by 2x + 5 ?
(iv) p (x) = kx2 - 3x + k
QUESTION 54.
QUESTION 39.
54. Find a if the remainder is a when x3 + 3x2 - ax + 3
39. Find the value of k if x - 1 is a factor of p (x) in is divided by x - 2 .
each of the following cases : QUESTION 55.
(i) p (x) = kx2 - 2 x + 1 55. Find the value of k if the remainder is - 3 when
(ii) p (x) = kx2 - 3x + k kx2 + 8x2 - 4x + 10 is divided by x + 1.
QUESTION 56.
QUESTION 40. 56. If both ax3 + 2x2 - 3 and x2 - ax + 4 leaves the
40. Factorise x3 - 2x2 - x + 2 . same remainder when divided by x - 2 , find a .
QUESTION 41. QUESTION 57.
41. Factorise x3 - 3x2 - 9x - 5 . 57. Prove by Factor Theorem that x - 2 is a factor of
x3 - 3x2 + 4x - 4 .
QUESTION 42.
42. Factorise x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20 . QUESTION 58.
58. Prove by Factor Theorem that x + 3 is factor of
QUESTION 43.
x2 - 8x + 15
43. If f ^x h be a polynomial such that f b- 1 l = 0 ,
3
then find one factor of f ^x h .

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ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034 MATHEMATICS CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS

QUESTION 59. QUESTION 76.

59. Prove by factor theorem that x2 - ax - bx + ab is 76. If x - 2 is a factor of 3x2 + px - 2 , find p . Also
divisible by x - a . factorize the polynomial.
QUESTION 60. QUESTION 77.
60. Verify 2x - 1 is a factor of 6x3 - x2 - 5x + 2 77. Show that polynomial px2 - 11x - 6 is divisible
QUESTION 61.
by 5x + 2 if p = 10 . Factorize the polynomial.
61. Verify if 3 - x is a factor of 5x2 - 21x + 10 . QUESTION 78.
QUESTION 62.
78. If 2x2 + x + a is divided by x - 3 , the remainder
62. Find the value of a so that x2 - 3x + 5a is divisible is 1. Factorize the polynomial 2x2 + x + a - 1
by x - 2 . completely.
QUESTION 63. QUESTION 79.
63. Find the value of a so that x + 1 is a factor of 79. Prove that x - 3 is a factor of x3 - 4x2 + x + 6
x3 - 9x2 + ax + 15 . Hence factorize the polynomial.
QUESTION 64. QUESTION 80.
64. Find the value of a so that x - a is factor of 80. Using factor theorem, show that x - 3 is a factor
x3 - a2 x + x + 2 of x3 - 7x2 + 15x - 9 . Hence factorize the given
expression completely.
QUESTION 65.
65. For what value of m, x2 - mx + 2 has a factor QUESTION 81.
x - 1? 81. Prove that 4x + 1 is a factor of 4x3 + x2 - 36x - 9
. Hence factorize the polynomial.
QUESTION 66.
66. What number should be added to QUESTION 82.
3 2
27x - 54x + 36x - 11 so that the resulting 82. Obtain a factor of y3 - 13y - 12 by factor theorem.
polynomials becomes divisible by 3x - 2 ? Hence factorize it completely.
QUESTION 67. QUESTION 83.
67. If x2 - ax + b and x2 - cx + d are divisible by 83. Obtain a factor of x3 - 3x2 - 4x + 12 by factor
x - m , prove that m = cd -- ab theorem. Hence factorize it completely
QUESTION 68. QUESTION 84.
68. If x - 1 and x + 3 are factors of x3 - ax2 - 13x + b 84. If ax2 - 5x - 3 is divisible byx - 3 , then find a
, find a and b . and factorize f (x).
QUESTION 69. QUESTION 85.
69. If x2 + x - 2 divides 2x2 + px2 + qx - 14 completely, 85. If 6x3 + ax2 - 10x - 3 has a factor x + 1, then
find p and q . factorize f ^x h completely.
QUESTION 70. QUESTION 86.
70. Find the values of the constants a and b if x - 2 86. If 24x3 + px2 - 5x + q has two factors 2x + 1 and
and x + 3 are both factors of the expression 3x - 1, then find p and q . Also factorize f (x)
x3 + ax2 + bx - 12 . completely.
QUESTION 71. QUESTION 87.
71. Prove that x - 5 is a factor of 2x2 - x - 45 Hence, 87. If px3 + 4x2 - 3x + q is divisible by x2 - 1 then
factorize 2x2 - x - 45 completely. find p and q . Also factorize f (x) completely.
QUESTION 72.
72. Prove that 2x - 5 is a factor of 4x2 - 4x - 15
Hence, factorize 4x2 - 4x - 15 completely.
QUESTION 73.
73. Prove that x + 1 is a factor of x3 - 6x2 + 5x + 12 .
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Hence factorize the polynomial completely. QUESTION 88.
88. Box : For the box to satisfy certain requirements,
QUESTION 74. its length must be three unit greater than the
3 2
74. Prove that 5x - 4 is factors of 5x - 4x - 5x + 4 .
width, and its height must be two unit less than
Hence factorise the polynomial completely.
the width.
QUESTION 75.
75. Prove that x - 1 is a factor of x3 - 7x2 + 14x - 8 .
Hence factorize the polynomial completely.

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CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS MATHEMATICS ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034

x from the corners of a 30 cm by 20 cm piece of

aluminium, as shown in the figure. The sides are
then folded up and the corners sealed.
(i) Find a polynomial function V (x) that gives
the volume of the pan.
(ii) Find the volume of the pan if the height is 6
cm. Use remainder theorem.
(i) If width is taken as x , find the polynomial
that represent volume of box.
(ii) Find the polynomial that represent the area
of paper sheet used to make box.
(iii) If it must have a volume of 18 unit, what
must be its length and height ?
(iv) If box is made of a paper sheet which cost is
Rs 100 per square unit, what is the cost of QUESTION 92.
92. Square Pan : Suppose that the pan in previous
paper?
example is formed from a square piece of
QUESTION 89. aluminium that is 30 cm on each side.
89. Cubic Coating : Frozen specimens are stored in (i) Find a polynomial function V (x) that gives
a cubic metal box that is x inches on each side. the volume in cubic cm.
The box is surrounded by a 2 inch thick layer of (ii) The cost is Rs 5 per square cm of aluminium
foam insulation. used in the finished pan. Find a polynomial
(i) Find a polynomial function V (x) that gives function C (x) that gives the cost.
the total volume in cubic inches for the box
and insulation. QUESTION 93.
93. Volume of a Bird Cage. A company makes
(ii) Find the total volume if x is 10 inches.
rectangular shaped bird cages with height b
(iii) Use the remainder theorem to find the total
inches and square bottoms. The volume of these
volume when x is 10 inches.
cages is given by the function V = b 3 - 6b2 + 9b .
QUESTION 90. (i) Find an expression for the length of each side
90. Swimming Pool : The volume of water in a of the square bottom.
rectangular, in-ground, swimming pool is given (ii) Use the function to find the volume of a cage
by V (x) = x3 + 11x2 + 24x where V (x) is the with a height of 18 inches.
volume in cubic feet when the water is x ft high. (iii) Use the remainder theorem to find the volume
(i) Find the dimension of base of pool. of a cage with a height of 15 inches.
(ii) Use the remainder theorem to find the volume (iv) Verify the result of (iii) using function ?
when x = 3 ft.
(iii) If the volume is 100 ft 3 of water, what is the
height x ?
(iv) If the maximum capacity of the pool is 520 ft
3
what is the maximum depth?

QUESTION 91.
91. Overflow Pan : A metalworker makes an overflow
pan by cutting equal squares with sides of length

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ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034 MATHEMATICS CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS

QUESTION 96.
96. A bulk dog food storage bin with dimensions 2
QUESTION 94.
94. Propylene Storage Tank : R K Agrawal is feet by 3 feet by 4 feet needs to be increased in
designing a propylene tank in the shape of a size to hold five times as much food as the current
cylinder with hemispherical ends. If the length of bin. Assume each dimension is increased by the
the cylinder is to be 20 unit larger than its radius same amount.
and the volume is to be 3321p cubic unit, then
what is the radius?

QUESTION 95.
95. Cereal Box : An independent marketing research
agency has determined that the best box for
breakfast cereal has a height that is 6 inches
larger than its thickness and a width that is 5
inches larger than its thickness. QUESTION 97.
(i) If we let the thickness be x inches, find a 97. Cost of Production : The cost to produce bottled
polynomial function V (x) that gives the total spring water is given by C (x) = 16x - 63 where x
volume. is the number of thousands of bottles. The total
(ii) If such a box is to have a volume of 112 income (revenue) from the sale of these bottles is
inches3, then what should the thickness be? given by the function R (x) = - x2 + 326x - 7463 .
(i) Since Profit = Revenue - Cost , find the
profit function.
(ii) How many bottles sold will produce the

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CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS MATHEMATICS ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034

maximum profit?
(iii) What is the maximum profit?
(iv) Find the profit when 245 thousand bottles
are sold. Use remainder theorem

(i) Find the polynomial for the volume of

remaining solid.
(ii) Use the remainder theorem to determine the
volume of remaining solid at x = 8 inch.
(iii) Use the polynomial to determine the volume
QUESTION 98. at x = 8 inch and verify the result in (ii).
98. Display of Soda Cans : The number of soda (iv) Use the remainder theorem to determine the
cans S needed to build a square pyramid volume at x = 10 inch.
display with n levels is given by the function
L (n) = 13 n 3 + 12 n2 + 16 n . Use the Remainder QUESTION 100.
100.The Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief
Theorem to determine the number of soda cans
in Emergency Situations Fund was created on 28
needed to build a square pyramid display with
March 2020, following the COVID-19 pandemic
n = 6 levels.
in India. The fund will be used for combating,
and containment and relief efforts against the
coronavirus outbreak and similar pandemic like
situations in the future.

QUESTION 99.
99. Volume of Solid : A cuboidal solid of base x by
x + 1 is shown in figure. Height of original solid The allotment officer is trying to come up with a
is x + 2 . A small cuboidal solid of base x - 2 by method to calculate fair division of funds across
x - 2 and height 2 is cut from this solid as shown various affected families so that the fund amount
in figure. and amount received per family can be easily
adjusted based on daily revised numbers. The total
fund allotted for a village is x3 + 6x2 + 20x + 9 .
The officer has divided the fund equally among
families of the village and each family receives an
amount of x2 + 2x + 2 . After distribution, some
amount is left.
(i) How many families are there in the village?
(ii) If an amount of < 1911 is left after distribution,
what is value of x ?

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ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034 MATHEMATICS CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS

(iii) How much amount does each family receive?

(iv) What is the amount of fund allocated?
(v) How many families are there in the village?

QUESTION 101.
101.Pyramid, in architecture, a monumental structure
constructed of or faced with stone or brick and
having a rectangular base and four sloping
triangular sides meeting at an apex. Pyramids
have been built at various times in Egypt, Sudan,
Ethiopia, western Asia, Greece, Cyprus, Italy,
India, Thailand, Mexico, South America, and on
some islands of the Pacific Ocean. Those of Egypt
and of Central and South America are the best The frame will have a solid base and will be cut
known. out of a piece of steel. The final area of the frame
should be 54 sq m. The digram of frame is shown
below.

In order to input the right values in the AutoCAD

The volume and surface area of a pyramid with a software, the engineer needs to calculate some
square base of area a2 and height h is given by basic values.
ha2
V = 3 and S = a2 + 2a ^ a2 h + h2 (i) What are the dimensions of the outer frame ?
2

A pyramid has a square base and a volume of (ii) A metal sheet of minimum area is used to
3y 3 + 18y2 + 27y cubic units. make the frame. What should be the minimum
(i) If its height is y , then what polynomial area of metal sheet before cutting ?
represents the length of a side of the square (iii) What is the area of required final metal frame
base ? ?
(ii) If area of base is 576 metre, what is the side (iv) If the area of the frame is 54 sq m, what is
of base? the value of x ?
(iii) What is the height of pyramid at above area (v) What is the perimeter of the frame?
of base ? QUESTION 103.
(iv) What is the ratio of length of side to the 103.An barrels manufacturer can produce up to 300
height ? barrels per day. The profit made from the sale
(v) What is surface area of pyramid ? of these barrels can be modelled by the function
P (x) = - 10x2 + 3500x - 66000 where P (x) is the
QUESTION 102. profit in rupees and x is the number of barrels
102.SBL Fabricators has got a order for making made and sold.
a frame for machine of their client. For which,
they are using a AutoCAD software to create a
constructible model that includes the relevant
information such as dimensions of the frame and
materials needed.

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CH 7 : FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIALS MATHEMATICS ICSE CLASS 10TH 2023-2034

can be built cheaply using cement-like materials.

Underground water tank are typically chosen
by people who want to save space. The water in
the underground water tank is not affected by
extreme weather conditions. The underground
water tank maintain cool temperatures in both
winter and summer.

Based on this model answer the following

questions:
(i) When no barrels are produce what is a profit
loss?
(ii) What is the break even point ? (Zero profit
A builder wants to build a tank to store water
point is called break even)
in an apartment. The volume of the rectangular
(iii) What is the profit/loss if 175 barrels are
tank will be modelled by V (x) = x3 + x2 - 4x - 4 .
produced
(i) He planned in such a way that its base
(iv) What is the profit/loss if 400 barrels are
dimensions are (x + 1) and (x + 2) . How
produced
much he has to dig ?
(v) What is the maximum profit which can
(ii) If x = 4 meter, what is the volume of the
manufacturer earn?
water tank?
QUESTION 104. (iii) If x = 4 and the builder wants to paint the
104.Lavanya throws a ball upwards, from a rooftop, entire inner portion on the water tank, what
which is 20 m above from ground. It will reach a is the total area to be painted ?
maximum height and then fall back to the ground. (iv) If the cost of paint is Rs. 25/ per square
The height of the ball from the ground at time t metre, what is the cost of painting ?
is h , which is given by h = - 4t2 + 16t + 20 . (v) What is the storage capacity of this water
tank ?

(i) What is the height reached by the ball after 1

second?
(ii) What is the maximum height reached by the
ball?
(iii) How long will the ball take to hit the ground?
(iv) What are the two possible times to reach the
ball at the same height of 32 m?
(v) Where is the ball after 5 seconds ?
QUESTION 105.
105.Underground water tank is very popular in India.
It is usually used for large water tank storage and

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