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MA107 Tutorial

This document is a tutorial from the Department of Mathematics at Birla Institute of Technology, covering various mathematical concepts and problems related to Wronskians, linear independence, and differential equations. It includes specific problems to solve, such as proving linear independence of functions, evaluating Wronskians, and solving different types of differential equations including Cauchy-Euler and Legendre's equations. The tutorial is intended for the MA107 Mathematics-II course for the Spring 2024 session.

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nishantkumar28112005
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9 views1 page

MA107 Tutorial

This document is a tutorial from the Department of Mathematics at Birla Institute of Technology, covering various mathematical concepts and problems related to Wronskians, linear independence, and differential equations. It includes specific problems to solve, such as proving linear independence of functions, evaluating Wronskians, and solving different types of differential equations including Cauchy-Euler and Legendre's equations. The tutorial is intended for the MA107 Mathematics-II course for the Spring 2024 session.

Uploaded by

nishantkumar28112005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MESRA, RANCHI


MA107 Mathematics-II, Session: (SP-2024)
Tutorial - 1 (Module I)

1. a) Show that the Wronskian of eax cos(bx) and eax sin(bx) (b ̸= 0) is be2ax .
b) Prove that the Wronskian of functions em1 x , em2 x , em3 x is equal to (m1 − m2 )(m2 − m3 )(m3 −
m1 )e(m1 +m2 +m3 )x .
′′
c) Show that y1 (x) = sin x and y2 (x) = sin x−cos x are linearly independent solutions of y +y = 0.
d) Show that the Wronskian of function x2 , x2 log(x) is non-zero. can these functions be independent
solution of an ordinary differential equation; if so determine this equation.
e) Evaluate the Wronskian of the functions ex , xex . Hence conclude whether or not they are linearly
independent. If they are independent, set the differential equation having them as its independent
solution.
f) Check whether ex , xex , sinh(x) are linearly independent or dependent.

2. Solve the following differential equations:


′′ ′ ′′′ ′′ ′
a) y + 3y − 10y = 0. b) y − 9y + 23y − 15y = 0.
′′ ′′ ′
c) y (iv) + 8y + 16y = 0. d) y + 3y + 4y = x2 − 2x.
′′ ′ ′′ ′
e) y − 3y + 2y = e3x . f) y − 4y + 4y = e2x + x3 + cos 2x.
′′′ ′ 2 ′′′ ′′ ′
g) y − 12y + 16y = ex + e−2x . h) y − 5y + 7y − 3y = e2x cosh(2x).
′′ ′ ′′
i) y − 4y + 4y = 8x2 e2x sin 2x. j) y − (a + b)y ′ + aby = eax + ebx
′′ ′′
k) y + 9y = sec 3x l) y + a2 y = tan ax
′′
m) y iv + 3y − 4y = cos2 x − cosh x

3. Solve the following Cauchy-Euler equations:


′′ 1 ′ 12 log x ′′ ′ 42
a) y + y = . b) x2 y − 4xy + 6y = .
x x2 x4

4. Solve the following Legendre’s linear equations:


′′ ′ ′′ ′
a) (3x + 2)2 y + 3(3x + 2)y − 36y = 3x2 + 4x + 1. b) (1 + x)2 y + (1 + x)y + y = 2 sin(log(1 + x)).

5. Solve by the method of variation of parameters


′′
a) y + y = x.
′′
b) y + 9y = sec 3x.
′′ 2
c) y − y = .
1 + ex

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