CHAPTER-1 PHYSICAL EDUCATION

VERY ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

1) Write down any two definitions of Physical Education.

Ans: 1) According to Rosalind Cassidy, “Physical Education is the sum of changes in the individual
caused by experiences centering in motor activity”.
2) According to Delbert Oberteufer, “Physical Education is the sum of those experiences, which come
to the individual through movement”.
3) According to J.F William, “Physical Education is the sum of man’s Physical activities selected as to
kind and conducted as to outcomes”.

2) Briefly write the Meaning of Physical Education:

Ans: Physical Education is “education through the physical activities”. It aims to develop students’
physical competence and knowledge of movement and safety, and their ability to use these to perform
in a wide range of activities associated with the development of an active and healthy lifestyle.

3) Write down the Past concept of Physical Education.

Ans: In the past, Physical Education was often focused solely on physical training and muscle
development with little emphasis on mental health or overall well being. It was viewed mainly as a
supplementary activity rather than an integral part of education.

4) Write down the Modern concept of Physical Education.

Ans: Physical education in its modern concept is broader and more meaningful. There is no doubt that
it is conductive to build up organic health but it is helpful in developing mental and emotional health
and social qualities that are considered to be desirable by the society. It provides that much of energy
which is so very necessary for every person to withstand the wear and tear of the struggle for existence.

5) Explain the term harmonious growth and development.

Ans: Harmonious growth and development means where both the aspects of an individual go well
together and are in proportion to each other. In other words, it is overall development of an individual.

6) Why Physical Education is important day to day life?

Ans: Physical education teaches how to acquire ability to develop strength, speed, and endurance and
coordination abilities. It also emphasis on achieving social qualities such as empathy, cooperation,
friendliness, team spirit and respect for rules which are essential for healthy social relations with
others.

7) Explain briefly the purpose of Physical Education in School.

Ans: The Purpose of Physical Education in School is to develop in students:
a) Motor skills.
b) Better Concentration.
 c) Quality sleep.
d) Free from stress and anxiety.
e) Self discipline.
f) Teamwork and leadership skills.
g) Ethical Traits.
h) Competence and Confidence.

8) Write a short note on Physical development.

Ans: Physical development refers to the growth and improvement of the body’s Physical abilities,
including strength, flexibility, and coordination. It is essential for overall health and well being.
Impacting performance in sports and daily activities.

9) Write a short note on Social development.

Ans: Social development encompasses the acquisition of skills, values and behavior that enable
individuals to interact effectively and positively with others. It is crucial for building relationships and
functioning as a valued member of society.

10) What are the various aims of Physical Education?

Ans. The aim of physical education must be:

(1) To make every child physically, mentally and emotionally fit.
(ii) To develop in him such personal and social qualities is will help him to live happily with others and
build him up a good citizen.
(ii) Complete living through wholesome development of human personality.

Q.9. Write in brief importance of Physical Education?

Ans: (i) Physical education help students to become more aware of the importance of a healthy
lifestyle.
(ii) It also develops students' competence and confidence to take part in a range of physical activities
that become a central part of their lives, both in and out of school.

Q10.Write in short the objective of Physical Education.

Ans: Leslie has mentioned the following objectives of Physical Education:
(i) Organic Development.
(ii) Neuromuscular Co-ordination.
(iii) Emotional Development.
(iv) Social Development.
(v) Intellectual Development.

Q11 Why is Physical Education necessary?

Ans.(i) Physical education help students to become more aware of the importance of a healthy lifestyle.
ii) It also develops students' competence and confidence to take part in a range of physical activities
that become a central part of their lives, both in and out of school.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

1) What do you mean by Physical Education? Support the same with the appropriate definitions.
Ans: Physical Education is “education through the physical activities”. It aims to develop students’
physical competence and knowledge of movement and safety, and their ability to use these to perform
in a wide range of activities associated with the development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
Definitions:
1) Jesse Feiring William: “Physical Education is the sum of all organized educational processes which
are primarily concerned with the development of motor skills, physical fitness, knowledge, attitude,
and social skills through selected physical activities and experiences”.
2) Leslie S. Hartz: “Physical Education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences
centered on Physical activity”.

2) Elaborate the Modern trends of Physical Education.

Ans: Modern trends of Physical Education can be traced in following points:
a) Technology Integration: Incorporating wearable devices and apps for personalized fitness tracking
and Virtual training.
b) Holistic Approach: Expanding beyond Physical fitness to prioritize mental well-being, stress
reduction, and mindfulness.
c) Virtual Fitness: Offering online workouts and classes for flexibility and accessibility, especially
during remote situations.
d) Inclusive Practices: Implementing adaptive Physical Education to ensure participation for
individual with disabilities.
e) Interdisciplinary Connections: Linking Physical Education with fields like nutrition, psychology
and public health for comprehensive well-being.
f) Mind-Body Activities: Introducing practices like yoga and meditation to promote mental clarity and
emotional balance.
g) Personalized Fitness Plans: Designing tailored programs to cater to individual needs, preferences
and goals.

3) Explain the need and importance of Physical Education.

Ans: 1) Healthy habits.
2) Improved Physical fitness.
3) Skill development.
4) Self discipline.
5) Improved Judgement.
6) Stress reduction.
7) Strengthened Peer relationships.
8) Improved Self- confidence and Self-esteem.
9) Experience setting Goals.
10) Leadership.
11) National integration.

4) Write down the various objectives of Physical Education.

Ans: The main objectives of Physical Education are:
a) Physical development.
b) Mental development.
c) Social development.
d) Neuro Muscular Co-ordination.
e) Emotional development
f) Development of Health.

5) Discuss the relationship of Physical Education with General Education.

Ans: The relationship between Physical Education and General Education is multifaceted and vital for
holistic development.
a) Physical and mental well being.
b) Overall Development.
c) Enhanced Learning.
d) Life Skills.
e) Stress Management.
f) Motivation.
g) Balanced Development.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

1) Elaborate the objectives of Physical Education in detail.
Ans: The Aims and Objectives of Physical Education are to enable the students:
a) To appreciate and understand the value of Physical Education and its relationship to a healthy and
active lifestyle.
b) To work to their optimal level of Physical fitness.
c) To become aware of movement as a creative medium connected to communication, expression and
aesthetic appreciation.
d) To develop the motor skills necessary to participate successfully in a variety of physical activities.
e) To experience enjoyment and satisfaction through physical activity develop social skills that
demonstrate the importance of team work and cooperation in group activities.
f) To demonstrate a high level of interest and personal engagement showing initiative, enthusiasm and
commitment.
g) To show knowledge and understanding in a variety of Physical activities and evaluate their own and
other’s performances.
h) To demonstrate the ability to critically reflect upon physical activity in both a local and intercultural
context.
i) To demonstrate the ability and enthusiasm to pass on to other in the community the knowledge, skills
and techniques that have been learned.

2) Express the misconception about Physical Education in details.

Ans: Misconception about Physical Education includes:
a) Focus on Big Muscles and Strength only: It is wrongly assumed that physical education is solely
about building muscle and strength, ignoring its role in mental development.
b) Hinders Mental Development: Some believe that Physical activity hampers intellectual growth,
though it actually enhances brain function, decision making and emotional health.
c) Outdoor Games are a Waste of Time: It is thought that outdoor activities are unproductive yet they
are vital for building strength, energy and a balanced body and mind.
d) Leads to Rudeness and Indiscipline: Physical Education is mistakenly linked with Indiscipline, while
it actually promotes discipline and channels energy positively.
e) Waste of Money: Investing in Physical education is seen as unnecessary, but it reduces health care
cost and create economic benefits through career opportunities.
f) Only about Recreation and Games: Physical Education is often perceived as just recreational
activities or sports, overlooking its comprehensive nature, including academics subjects like
biomechanics, sports psychology and anatomy.
g) No Career Opportunities and Low social status: Physical Education is wrongly believed to offer
limited job prospects and to lower social status, yet it provides various career paths and can elevate one
standing through sports achievements.

3) Define Physical Education. Explain the various objective of Physical Education.

Ans. Physical education has been defined in different ways by the leaders in this field:
(1) "Physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centering in
motor activity." (Rosalind Cassidy)
(ii) "Physical education is the sum of those experiences, which come to the individual through
movement." (Delbert Oberteufer)
(iii) "Physical education is the social process of change in the behavior of the human organism,
originating primarily from the stimulus of social, big muscle play and related activities." Physical
education is therefore, a process, which relies on physical activities for realizing the objectives. It tries
to bring about desirable changes in the behavior and attitudes of individuals through physical activities.
It is not merely an activity, but a process. (C.C. Cowell)
The main objectives of Physical Education are:
(i) Physical development: Development of organ systems such as circulatory system, nervous system,
muscular system, digestive system etc.
(ii) Mental development: Physical activities require alertness of mind, deep concentration and
calculated movement. This objective is related to the mental development of an individual.
(iii) Social development: This objective is related to the development of social traits, which are
essential for better adjustment in life. It is a better source for attaining the qualities like. Co-operation,
fair play, sportsmanship, tolerance, and sympathy.
(iv) Neuro Muscular Co-ordination: This objective is centered with a better relationship between
nervous system. Education provides ample opportunities for physical neuromuscular coordination.
(v) Emotional Development: The emotional development of an individual is also one of the major
objectives of physical education. Every individual has various types of emotions viz. Pleasure, hope,
jealousy, hatredness, fear, depression, anger, wonder, lust, loneliness etc.
(vi) Development of Health: This develops healthy related habits through health education. This also
provides education about the prevention of communicable diseases.