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Week 4 Science

The document explains the concepts of land and sea breezes, monsoons, and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), highlighting their causes and effects on weather patterns. It details how breezes are influenced by temperature and pressure differences between land and water, and describes the seasonal variations of the ITCZ in relation to the Philippines. Additionally, it includes activities for identifying and assessing understanding of these meteorological phenomena.

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EM Gina
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1 views5 pages

Week 4 Science

The document explains the concepts of land and sea breezes, monsoons, and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), highlighting their causes and effects on weather patterns. It details how breezes are influenced by temperature and pressure differences between land and water, and describes the seasonal variations of the ITCZ in relation to the Philippines. Additionally, it includes activities for identifying and assessing understanding of these meteorological phenomena.

Uploaded by

EM Gina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Land and Sea Breeze, Monsoons, and Intertropical

Module 4 Convergence Zone (ITCZ)

le
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Account for the occurrences of land and sea breezes, monsoons, and
intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). S7ES-IVf-7

What’s In

One important indication of weather condition is the wind, how fast it is


moving, and where it is heading to. In the succeeding discussions, you will
learn the effect of temperature and pressure to movement of the air and the use
of map in determining the wind movement during different seasons and
locations in the Philippines.

Sea Breeze and Land Breeze

People living near the shorelines feel the blowing wind and observe that
they change direction at different times of the day. A gentle wind is called as
breeze. Breezes are evident near bodies of water. There are two types of
breezes, land breeze and sea breeze. These winds occur near the coastal
areas and have an impact on the humidity level, atmospheric temperature, and
precipitation rates. The source of the wind dictates the name of the breeze. Sea
breeze is the breeze that appears to come from the sea toward the land. It is
often called the onshore winds. It occurs during daytime as water retain heat
and warm up longer than land. Land breeze is the breeze that appears to come
from the land toward the sea. It is often called the offshore winds and occurs
during night- time. The difference in air pressure over the land and sea are
caused by temperature differences.
Monsoons

Monsoons are comparable to sea and land breezes, except that they
involve a greater mass of air that move horizontally. In monsoons, the wind
blows either to the continent or to the oceans because of the difference in
temperature and pressure. Monsoons are large-scale land and sea breezes
that affect larger areas. There are two kinds of monsoons in the Philippines: the
northeast monsoon and the southwest monsoon. The names of the monsoon
are derived from the origin where these wind system blow.
Table 2. Difference between Southwest Monsoon and Northeast Monsoon

The Intertropical Convergence Zone


(ITCZ), known as the equatorial trough or doldrums because of the lack of
horizontal air movement, appears as a band of clouds, usually thunderstorms,
that encircle the earth near the Equator where trade winds in the Northern and
Southern Hemispheres converge or meet. Its specific position varies
seasonally. It affects the Philippines from May to October. From November to
April, it is located south of the Philippines. With the change of the seasons, the
zone of convergence moves back and forth across the equator. In the ITCZ, air
motion is mainly vertical. This provides moderate to strong surface winds and
frequent cloudiness and thunderstorms. Its poleward movement is more visible
over land than over water and over Northern Hemisphere than over Southern
hemisphere. In July and August, the ITCZ is between 5 degrees and 15
degrees north of the equator over the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean, over
the landmasses of Africa and Asia. It is further north. It may move up to 30
degrees north of the equator.
Ref:
https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-mindanao-intertropical-convergence-
zone-itcz-06-july-2015
https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Inter_Tropical_Convergence_Zone_(ITCZ)

Activity 1: Identify Me!


Directions: Read the statements carefully. Identify what is being described in the
sentences. Choose your answer from the word bank.
Land breeze Monsoon Intertropical
Convergence Zone
Southwest Monsoon Sea breeze Northwest
Monsoon
1. It is comparable to sea and land breezes, except that they
involve a greater mass of air that move horizontally.
2. It is the breeze that appears to come from the sea toward
the land.
3. It is characterized by oppressive heat and humidity known as
the “October Heat”.
4. It is the breeze that appears to come from the land
toward the sea.
5. It is known as the equatorial trough or doldrums
because of the lack of horizontal air movement.
Activity 2: FACT or BLUFF

Directions: Identify if the statement is correct by writing FACT. If the statement


is false write the word BLUFF.
__________1. The Land breeze is the breeze that appears to come from the sea
toward the land.
__________2. The Sea breeze is the breeze that appears to come from the land
toward the sea.
__________ 3. The Land breeze happens during nighttime.
__________ 4. Hangin Amihan is also known as Southeast monsoon.
___________5. Hangin Amihan is characterized by hot season and heavy rains.
___________6. Hangin Habagat is also known as Northeast monsoon.
___________7. Hangin Habagat blows during the months of January to mid-
March.
___________8. The acronym ITCZ stands for Intertropical Convergence Zone.
___________9. The ITCZ affects the Philippines all year round.

___________10. The ITCZ appears as a band of clouds, usually thunderstorms, that


encircle the earth near the Equator where trade winds in the Northern and Southern
Hemispheres converge or meet.

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