MARIA ASUNCION RODRIGUEZ TIÑGA HIGH SCHOOL

DEVELOPMENT OF RFID-BASED STUDENT ATTENDANCE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM FOR MARIA ASUNCION RODRIGUEZ TIÑGA HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Senior High School

Department Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Practical Research 2

Course in Senior High School Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics

Abubakar, Patrick
Alioden, Fatimah
Baylon, Cyrelle
Bombita, Judiel
Dadia, Danielle
Dedace, Genevieve
Esah, Haimie
Lontoc, Rochelle Mae
Niebres, Florie Jane

November, 2024
 MARIA ASUNCION RODRIGUEZ TIÑGA HIGH SCHOOL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the researchers would want to express their gratitude to the almighty

god for his divine guidance, wisdom, and strength throughout this research.

Also, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to Ma. Cecilia A. Ilagan for his

invaluable supervision, support and guidance throughout our research.

Regardless, the researchers want to thank Mr. Jose Mark P. Bolivar principal of Maria

Asuncion Rodriguez Tinga High School, for granting us the opportunity to conduct our research

among the grade 11 Newton students.

The researchers would like to thank Ma’am Jane E. Forte for extending his knowledge and

skills to this work and all respondents for their cooperation and contributions to the study.

Lastly, I want to extend our deep appreciate our family and friends for their unwavering

support and encouragement. Their belief in our kept our motivated during challenging times.

Thank you all for your contributions to this research project and also lord for your

faithfulness and love.

- Researcher

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DEDICATION

This researcher’s work is the result of countless hours of dedication and sacrifice. With

heartfelt pride, the researchers dedicate it to those who have served as the researcher's inspiration.

This research is dedicated to the researcher's family, whose unwavering support and love provided

the foundation for this work; to the researcher's friends and classmates, whose collaboration and

encouragement enriched the journey; and ultimately, to God/Allah, for the strength and guidance

throughout.

- Researcher

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ABSTRACT

This research study focuses on the development and implementation of an RFID-based

student attendance monitoring system at Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School. The

research project aims to give a solution to the problems inherent in traditional attendance systems,

particularly time-consuming paper-based processes and susceptibility to errors, by using RFID

technology's high efficiency and dependability. The study employs a quantitative and descriptive

research design, with surveys and questionnaires distributed to Grade 11 STEM students who are

directly exposed to the system. The research will look at the system's efficiency, effectiveness,

usability, and features in order to improve attendance management practices and the overall

student experience. The findings will provide important information on the potential benefits and

drawbacks of deploying RFID technology in educational settings, leading to further improvement

of attendance management procedures and improved overall student life.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
DEDICATION ii
ABSTRACT iii

Chapter

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Page

Introduction……….……….……….……….……….……….……... 1
Background of the Study……….……….…….………….…………...3
Theoretical Framework……….……….……….……….….……........4
Conceptual Framework……….……….……….……….…….………5
Statement of the Problem……….……….……….……….….……….7
Significance of the Study……….……….……….……….……..........8
Scope and Delimitations of the Study……….……….…………...…..8
Definition of Terms……….……….……….……….………………...9
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Overview / Introduction……….……….……….……….……………11
Review of Related Studies……….……….……….……….…………11
Review of Related Literature……….……….……….……….………13
Synthesis……….……….……….……….……….…………………..15
III. METHODOLOGIES
Research Methods Used……….……….……….……….….…..........19
Research Instrument……….……….……….……….…….….……...19
Data Gathering Procedure……….……….……….……………….....19
Statistical Treatment……….……….……….……….……….….......20
IV. PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALIZATION OF DATA
Result………………..……….……….……….……….….…............23
Analysis ………………….……….……….……….…….….……....23
Interpretation ……….……………….….……….………………......23
V. SUMMARY OF FINDING, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary…………..……….……….……….……….….…..............30
Conclusion…….……….……….……….……….…….….…….......31
Recommendation...……….……….……….………………..............32

REFERENCES……….……….……….……….……….……...……34

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APPENDIX A………………………………………………………36

APPENDIX B………………………………………………………38

APPENDIX C………………………………………………………40

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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter presents the introduction, background of the study, theoretical framework,

conceptual framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis, significance of study, scope and

delimitation, and definition of terms. It contains details about the exploration and presentation of

the content and purpose of this study.

Introduction

Attendance plays a crucial role in academic institutions for various reasons. It helps in

keeping records, evaluating students, and promoting regular class attendance. Many schools in

developing countries require students to attend a specific percentage of classes. However, this rule

often faces challenges due to difficulties in recording attendance. The traditional method of using

paper or books to mark attendance can lead to problems such as impersonation and the loss of

attendance sheets. Calculating which students have met the required attendance percentage for

exams is also challenging and time-consuming. Therefore, a system that addresses these issues

effectively is needed.

To solve these problems, this study uses Radio Frequency Identification (Radio Frequency

Identification) technology. Radio Frequency Identification is an automatic identification method

that uses Radio Frequency Identification tags or chips to store and retrieve data. It consists of two

main parts: a Radio Frequency Identification reader and a Radio Frequency Identification tag.

There is a lot of ongoing research and development in this field, with many new applications and

study areas expected in the future. The growing interest in Radio Frequency Identification has

raised concerns about the safety of those who handle these tags regularly.

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Radio Frequency Identification technology has been used for various purposes, including

controlling access and tracking items. Although Radio Frequency Identification systems are not

new in educational settings, this research aims to demonstrate how they can address common

issues in modern universities. In developing countries, advanced technologies such as Radio

Frequency Identification, WIFI, Bluetooth, and robots have been developed. These technologies

can be used to improve daily routines and make life easier. Therefore, academic institutions should

work towards integrating these technologies to enhance their operations and student management.

Radio Frequency Identification technology uses radio waves to automatically gather

information from a Radio Frequency Identification tag and a Radio Frequency Identification

reader. The reader, which typically has one or more antennas, sends and receives radio waves to

and from the tags. The data stored on a Radio Frequency Identification tag is retrieved by the

reader. Some Radio Frequency Identification readers are always active, such as those used in

electronic toll collection systems that log every passing vehicle. In contrast, Radio Frequency

Identification scanners used in veterinary clinics often have triggers that activate the reader only

when needed.

Modern Radio Frequency Identification tags usually contain a small microchip with

memory, known as an integrated circuit. Some tags are called chip less because they lack a

microchip but are still useful for simpler tasks. Chip less tags are more cost-effective and can still

offer good accuracy and range for specific functions. In the future, tags without chips will be

referred to as integrated circuit-based tags.

There are two main types of Radio Frequency Identification tags: passive and active.

Passive Radio Frequency Identification tags are the most used. In a passive Radio Frequency

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Identification system, the reader sends a radio signal to the tag, which then activates and responds

with information using the energy from the signal. Passive tags generally work within a range of

less than 10 meters and do not have their own power source. Active Radio Frequency

Identification tags, on the other hand, have their own power supply and transmitter, usually

powered by a rechargeable battery. These tags create their own signal to send data from their

microchips. Active tags include transponders, which conserve battery life by activating only when

they receive a signal from the reader, and beacons, which are used in real-time locating systems

(RTLS). This project, however, uses passive Radio Frequency Identification tags.

Background of the Study

In today's technology driven educational environment the need for efficient and accurate

student attendance tracking systems has become increasingly crucial. Traditional methods of

manual taking are often time consuming and lack real time monitoring capabilities. As educational

institutions strive to enhance operational efficiency, improve student engagement, and ensure

campus security, the integration of advanced technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification

(Radio Frequency Identification) has emerged as a promising solution.

Radio Frequency Identification technology offers a seamless and automated approach to

student attendance management, enabling schools to streamline attendance tracking processes,

reduce administrative burdens on teachers, and provide real time monitoring of student presence.

By utilizing Radio Frequency Identification tags or cards integrated with unique identifiers,

educational institutions can enhance accuracy, efficiency, and security in monitoring student

attendance across various campus activities.

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This study aims to explore the design, implementation, and evaluation of a Radio

Frequency Identification based student attendance management system, focusing on the

integration of Radio Frequency Identification technology. By investigating the benefits,

challenges, and outcomes of adopting Radio Frequency Identification for attendance tracking, this

research seeks to contribute to the advancement of attendance management practices in

educational settings and enhance the overall student experience. technology.

Theoretical Framework

Using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in 1986 developed by Francis, he evaluates

student’s, teacher, and staff's engagement with and acceptance of a Radio Frequency

Identification-based student attendance management system.

Figure 1. Theoretical Framework of Technology Acceptance Model (2023)

Figure 1. Illustrate the Radio Frequency Identification-based Student Attendance

Management System. It initiates with the Radio Frequency Identification tags worn by every

student, and these tags start sending a signal to the Radio Frequency Identification reader. The

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reader forwards this data to the school attendance software application. This application processes

the information and updates the database with attendance records. The TAM theory underlies the

whole system, showing how perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness influence the

acceptance and effectiveness of the Radio Frequency Identification technology in managing

student attendance.

Fred Davis's Technology Acceptance Model tries to explain how users come to accept the

use of information technology through two very important variables: perceived ease of use and

perceived usefulness. Perceived ease of use refers to the degree by which one feels that using the

technology would be free of effort, Worthington, & Burgess, 2021. On the other hand, perceived

usefulness deals with the degree to which the individual believes that using the particular

technology will enhance the performance of his job. TAM measures the effects of the above

factors in user acceptance of new technologies (Marikyan, & Papagiannidis 2023).

This theory is very useful and relevant to the study in establishing how perceived ease of

use and perceived usefulness of a Radio Frequency Identification-based student attendance

management system influence the system's acceptance by students and staff. The present research

applies TAM with a view to learning how these factors impact the adoption of a Radio Frequency

Identification system and how effective it will be in improving attendance management.

Conceptual Framework

The Development of RFID-Based Student Attendance Management System for Maria

Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga Highschool is crucial for Students, faculty, and staff members are

provided with Radio Frequency Identification tags, which they present to the reader to mark their

attendance.

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The research paradigm of the proposed study is shown in figure 2. The researchers came

up with a conceptual framework. To address the information needed to develop the system, the

input requirements contain three categories, such as knowledge requirements, software, and

hardware. The software development process includes procedures which involve the system

planning, experiment, requirements gathering & analysis, designing, implementation or coding,

testing, deployment, and maintenance. Mohd, Faiz, Hilmi. (2022) The (IPO) model is a conceptual

framework used to analyze and document the flow of information and resources in various

systems, including education, business, and public participation.

The experiment design was also shown in a paradigm. Using an input-process-output

framework and produced a Development of RFID- Based Student Attendance Management

System for Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tinga High School.

Input Process Output

(Knowledge requirements) Planning the materials needed to Developed of Radio

Challenging taking of the output Frequency Identification

attendance Requirement Gathering & based student attendance

Software Analysis management system of

Microsoft Excel Experiment Maria Asuncion Rodriguez

Hardware Designing implementation or Tinga High School

Laptop/Computer Coding

Testing the product

Table 1. Conceptual Framework of the Development of RFID-Based Student Attendance

Management System for Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

ECONOMY

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Figure 2. Illustrate the research paradigm of Development of RFID-Based Student

Attendance Management System at Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School. The

researchers came up with a conceptual framework. In order to address the information needed to

develop the system, the input requirements contain three categories, such as knowledge

requirements, software, and hardware. The software development process includes procedures

which involve the system planning, experiment, requirements gathering & analysis, designing,

implementation or coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Mohd, Faiz, Hilmi. (2022) The

(IPO) model is a conceptual framework used to analyze and document the flow of information

and resources in various systems, including education, business, and public participation.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to develop RFID-Based Student Attendance Management System for

Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

This study aims to answer the following questions.

1. What are the challenges associated with the implementation of RFID-Based Attendance

Systems in Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School in terms of:

V. Efficiency c. User-Friendly

VI. Effectiveness d. Features

Hypothesis

There is significant difference between Development of Radio Frequency Identification

System-based Student Attendance Management System for Maria Asuncion Tinga High School.

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Significance of the Study

The result of this study will help for the speed of gathering attendance using the Radio

Frequency Identification system which is better and will make it easier to get the attendance data

of the students in Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

This study would benefit the following:

Students — This study will be beneficial for the students of Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga

High School because the use of the Radio Frequency Identification attendance system is more

accessible than the manual gathering of attendance data, which is more convenient for students.

Teachers — The result of this study can be used to reduce the work of teachers to speed up the

gathering of student attendance and also to monitor the young people in their school which is an

automatic and faster gathering of attendance.

School Administration — This study helps the school administrator to provide the school

attendance of the student that is more accessible and monitor the list of the students.

Future Researcher — This study will help the future researchers to innovate and come up with

an invention to make it easier to gather attendance using the Radio Frequency Identification

attendance system. They can also use it to upgrade this research.

Scope and Delimitation

This study evaluates the introduction and performance of a Radio Frequency

Identification-based attendance system at Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School. The

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primary focus is on deploying Radio Frequency Identification readers and tags, as well as building

the software required to efficiently track and manage student attendance. The study seeks to assess

the system's correctness, dependability, and use for students, teachers, and administrative

personnel.

The scope includes determining how well the Radio Frequency Identification system

maintains precise attendance records when compared to older techniques, as well as how it affects

everyday school operations. The target sample for this evaluation is the Grade 11 Newton class at

Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

However, the study is limited to Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School and does

not address the system's application to other schools or educational institutions with varied needs.

It does not look into alternative attendance tracking technology like biometric systems or mobile

apps, nor does it address long-term performance or advanced security and privacy concerns.

Furthermore, the study does not provide a thorough financial analysis of the Radio Frequency

Identification system's costs and advantages. By specifying these parameters, the study provides

a focused assessment of the Radio Frequency Identification system's immediate effectiveness and

operational implications within the specific context of the school.

Definition of Terms

The study's conceptual and practical definitions of the terminology listed below are

provided to promote clarity and comprehension.

Attendance System —In this study, the process of recording when individuals arrive and leave,

often using systems like time clocks or software.

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Accurate —In this study, the process of accurately recording and monitoring the times when

individuals arrive at and leave from a designated location, typically through electronic systems

such as time clocks or software applications.

Development — In this study, the development is a collection of guidelines and resources for

creating software programs and enabling interoperability between them.

Maintaining —In this study, maintaining refers to the ongoing process of ensuring that

technology systems remain functional, effective, and up-to-date.

Management —In this study, management refers to the tools, systems, and processes used to

support and improve operations, decision-making, and overall efficiency.

Radio Frequency Identification —In this study Radio Frequency Identification refers to radio-

frequency identification, which is a technology that automatically identifies objects, animals, or

humans using radio waves.

Student —In this study, students refer to the one who attended school as an attendance.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the related literature and studies. It contains concepts,

generalizations, conclusions, and others. The information presented within was gathered from

internet studies, articles, books, and other sources on the research topic. This will also present the

synthesis of the study.

Related Studies

The use of Radio Frequency Identification is to facilitate lecturers and students in

monitoring class attendance. On the Radio Frequency Identification card, there is a radio

frequency mounted affixed to the reading machine; the system will automatically send student

data into the database. Thus, students can do it quickly, and data can also be agreed promptly and

adequately. In addition, students and lecturers are also motivated to arrive early because the

system can store and display data directly (Mutammimul Ula et al., 2021).

Al-Mansor and Zaharah Ali (2021) proposed a secure system that provides information

about the attendance of students. In this framework when the card is brought close to the Radio

Frequency Identification module, it reads the card data and its contrasts and the information in the

program memory and showcases the corresponding name to that card. The attendance is saved in

a text file on the SD card then it is converted to an excel sheet on the computer.

Mrabet and Moussa (2020) conducted a study titled A Smart Attendance Management

System for Educational Institutions Using IoT, in which they demonstrated how their system can

facilitate the recording of students’ attendance via the Internet of Things (IoT) at educational

institutions while transmitting the attendance records to the administration. At the same time,

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parents can keep track of their children's attendance to classes through notifications they receive

via email or SMS. In addition, the system automatically sends missed lessons to absent students.

Database of students must be created. A GSM Module is used to send messages to parent’s

mobile about the student’s attendance status. A GPS module is used to detect the live location of

the student. This system will reduce a lot of manual work of teachers and administrators of any

institution. The proposed work comprises two most popular trends in technology research; IoT

and Radio Frequency Identification. (Ms.G.T.Bharathy, et al. 2021)

Ahmad and Nababa (2021) Found in their analysis that the Radio Frequency Identification

(Radio Frequency Identification) system is a very advanced technology for an automatic

attendance system in an institution, organization, or university and it provides a very higher

performance and accuracy than the traditional paper-based system that the students normally used

to sign. A combination of the model is needed which will confirm higher security, better

performance, and consistency of the system.

According to Elima Hussain, et al. (2014) the old-school way of taking attendance is

tedious and prone to errors. This paper dives into a new approach using Radio Frequency

Identification technology and open-source software to manage student attendance efficiently. The

system runs on Python to read tags and a desktop Java program for lecturer authentication and tag

recording in an XML file. This file is later sent to the server for processing and attendance

interpretation, accessible to users through a user-friendly web portal.

Traditional attendance methods can be time-consuming and inefficient. This study

proposes a new solution using Radio Frequency Identification technology, where students simply

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tap their Radio Frequency Identification tags to record their attendance. This system not only saves

time and reduces paperwork but also provides students and faculty with valuable information like

schedules and grading records. The researchers believe this technology has the potential to

revolutionize attendance management in schools ( Hasanein D. Rjeib, et al., 2018).

Toaff-Rosenstein (2017) The implication is that RFID-based ear tag recording of brush

proximity relative to continuous video observations of contact does not yield accurate results in

certain heifers and therefore, as currently configured, is not a reliable representation of this type

of grooming behavior.

Hasan (2020) The study shows that the RFID card of classroom security doors in

Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya based on arduino mega help the lectures improve the security,

comfortability and the analysis descriptively found that the device can run effectively.

Barahona (2014) Up to 5 same-coded chipless tags placed in-line are successfully decoded

at different distances from the reader, this enables the short-range counting of same tagged objects.

The technique is verified by simulation and measurements, confirming its viability to use the radar

cross section to perform the multi decoding of same-coded chipless tags.

Related Literature

Saleh Alghamdi (2019) Used an application called “Turck” to get the students' attendance

directly from the lecturer, regardless of whether they are present or absent, which enabled their

phones to use Radio Frequency Identification technology. The main goal of this study is to send

the system of obtaining the attendance of the students that is applicable lectures, which do not

require much time in the lecturer, and no longer preferable to the readers.

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Attendance is the act of claiming to have been present at an event. The use of a Radio

Frequency Identification along with face recognition will assist in data collection activities which

would not be a burden for every student matching them by name within schools, colleges and

universities (Unnati A. Patel, et al., 2014).

Aman Saxena (2021) By incorporating Radio Frequency Identification technology the

traditional method of recording attendance can undergo a transformation to align with

advancements in digitalization. This new system offers an organized, efficient and time saving

approach, for managing attendance records. A prototype of this system has been. Successfully

demonstrated the benefits of automating attendance tracking through Radio Frequency

Identification technology streamlining the process.

The significance of attendance tracking in educational institutes, highlights the prevalence

of paper-based systems in universities. It introduces an improved approach using Radio Frequency

Identification (Radio Frequency Identification) technology to enhance the attendance system. The

system includes a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) for communication between the application,

enabling message display upon identification and information transmission for display on the LCD

(Abbas Saleh Hassan et al., 2015)

Radio Frequency Identification technology, an automatic wireless identification system,

has been used to automate attendance taking. This system, which is simple, inexpensive, and

portable, has proven effective in reducing manual labor and improving efficiency. It is a promising

solution for commercial and academic purposes. (Hasan U Zaman 2017)

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Perumal (2023) The study highlights a proposed solution to a common issue in shopping

malls and supermarkets: long wait times for billing, which can lead to customer frustration and

inefficiencies. By introducing a smart cart equipped with RFID technology, the study aims to

automate the billing process as customers add items to their carts, reducing the need to queue at

checkout counters.

Erlangga (2022) This study highlights the transformative role of RFID technology in

logistics, specifically in inventory control and real-time monitoring systems. By replacing

traditional manual systems with RFID-based computerized systems, inventory management

becomes more efficient, accurate, and easier to control in real time.

Synthesis

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has gained significant attention for its

potential to automate and improve attendance tracking in educational institutions. Several studies

underscore the advantages of RFID, including enhanced speed, accuracy, and efficiency in

recording attendance, while also reducing manual labor. Ula et al. (2021) highlights how RFID

allows students to quickly log their attendance, with the data instantly sent to a database. This

system not only facilitates ease of use but also encourages punctuality among students and

lecturers by making attendance records immediately accessible.

Al-Mansor and Ali (2021) propose a secure system where RFID cards are scanned, and

the data is stored in a text file that is later converted into an Excel sheet. This method provides an

organized way to monitor student attendance, ensuring reliability in data collection. El Mrabet

and Moussa (2020) take it a step further by integrating RFID with the Internet of Things (IoT),

allowing parents to receive real-time updates via SMS or email when their children attend or miss

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classes. This system also automatically sends materials to absent students, ensuring that they stay

up-to-date with missed lessons.

Bharathy et al. (2021) introduce additional technologies such as GSM and GPS modules,

which send notifications to parents about their children’s attendance and provide real-time

location tracking. This combination of technologies helps reduce the manual workload of teachers

and administrators while enhancing communication with parents. Ahmad and Nababa (2021)

further emphasize the superior accuracy and performance of RFID-based systems compared to

traditional paper-based methods. They advocate for integrating models that ensure higher security

and better system performance to maintain consistency and reliability.

Hussain et al. (2014) and Rjeib et al. (2018) introduce RFID systems that integrate with

open-source software and user-friendly web portals, allowing both students and faculty to easily

access attendance data. These systems not only automate attendance tracking but also offer

additional features like schedules and grading records, making them efficient for academic

purposes. The use of RFID technology, combined with software solutions, ensures that the process

is streamlined, reducing the burden on administrative staff and improving the overall experience

for students and teachers alike.

In terms of security and operational effectiveness, Hasan (2020) discusses the use of RFID

in enhancing classroom security, where RFID-based security doors in Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

help improve the comfort and safety of educational spaces. Similarly, Saxena (2021) argues that

RFID can transform traditional attendance methods, aligning them with digital advancements and

offering a more organized and time-efficient system for managing attendance records.

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While most studies focus on educational uses, RFID technology has broader applications.

Barahona (2014) investigates RFID’s ability to track objects using chipless tags in non-

educational settings, such as inventory control. Studies by Perumal (2023) and Erlangga (2022)

extend RFID’s use to the retail and logistics sectors, where it improves processes like automated

billing in smart shopping carts and real-time inventory monitoring. These applications highlight

RFIDs versatility, showcasing how it can revolutionize systems not only in education but also in

commercial industries.

Overall, the research indicates that RFID technology offers numerous benefits in automating

attendance systems and improving efficiency, accuracy, and security. Its integration with other

technologies like IoT, GSM, and GPS expands its functionality, making it a valuable tool in

various sectors, from education to retail and beyond.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the research design used, the target population and sampling method,

the respondents of the study, the research instrument, the procedure of gathering data, and the

ethical considerations employed in conducting this study.

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Research Method

This study employs a quantitative and descriptive research methodology to rigorously

evaluate the development and impact of an RFID-based attendance system at Maria Asunción

Rodriguez Tiñga High School. By analyzing measurable outcomes and providing a

comprehensive description of the system's performance, the research aims to generate valuable

insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of RFID technology in enhancing attendance

management within an educational context.

Population and Sampling Technique

The target population for this study consists of students at Maria Asunción Rodriguez

Tiñga High School. The sample will specifically include Grade 11 students from the Science,

Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strand, Section Newton, totaling 24 students.

Purposive sampling will be employed to select participants. This method was chosen because it

allows for the targeted selection of individuals who have direct experience with and competence

in using the RFID attendance system, thereby ensuring high-quality and relevant data.

Research Instrument

This research will use surveys and questionnaires to gather feedback on the production

and use of an RFID-based student attendance management system. Most questionnaire questions

will be closed-ended to facilitate efficient data collection. These questions will cover production

methods, user experiences, and opinions on the system's effectiveness.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will distribute a letter to seek permission from the principal, requesting

cooperation in distributing the survey instrument, which will be accompanied by a letter

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requesting participation from the respondents. The survey questions will be validated by subject

matter experts to ensure their accuracy and relevance before being distributed. After informing

the respondents about the survey, the researchers will begin distributing the surveys. The

researchers will use Microsoft Excel to execute the final product, this will help the researchers to

have a visual data of the product has started the data-gathering process of distribution. After

conducting the survey, the researchers will analyze and synthesize the information given by the

respondents and have been able to answer the questions set for them in the questionnaire.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The descriptive statistics applied in this study will help summarize and analyze data

collected from respondents regarding the implementation and effectiveness of the RFID

Automatic Attendance System at Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School. The following

methods will be used:

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1. Mean

Purpose: Standard deviation determines the variation in user satisfaction or system

efficiency, highlighting the average level of consistency or disparity in responses.

Formula:

Where:

X = individual responses or values

N = total number of respondents or observations

2. Standard Deviation

Purpose: Standard deviation measures the variability in the RFID system's performance

(e.g., logging accuracy, response time) and user ratings, highlighting areas of consistency

or potential improvement.

Formula

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Where:

X = mean value

X = observed values

N = number of observations

3. One way ANOVA

Purpose: One-way ANOVA compares respondents' evaluations of the RFID system across

criteria like efficiency, effectiveness, user-friendliness, and features, identifying

significant differences and guiding system improvements.

Formula:

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALIZATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the statistical analysis and interpretation of the gathered data

regarding the implementation of the RFID-Based Attendance System at Maria Asuncion

Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

1. Students responses in each category

Table 1: The graph of the response from the respondents in the category of “Efficiency”

Table 1: This section presents the interpretation of the responses collected on the

effectiveness of the RFID-based attendance management system.

To better understand the respondents' perspectives, the mean was calculated for each

Likert scale rating across all five questions related to effectiveness. The responses were visually

represented in a bar graph, where the x-axis denotes the questions, and the y-axis denotes the

number of responses for each rating.

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The highest response counts were observed in the "Strongly Agree" category (rating 5),

particularly for Question 1 (21 responses), Question 3 (17 responses), and Question 4 (18

responses). This indicates that the majority of respondents perceive the RFID system as an

accurate tool for recording and tracking attendance.

Questions 2 and 5 had notable counts in both "Agree" (rating 4) and "Strongly Agree"

(rating 5) categories, with 7 and 8 responses in "Agree" and 14 and 15 responses in "Strongly

Agree," respectively. This suggests that while most respondents believe the system effectively

reduces errors and improves student safety, there is a slight variance in confidence compared to

accuracy and tracking.

Across all questions, responses in the "Strongly Disagree" and "Disagree" categories were

absent (0 responses). The "Neutral" category had minimal responses, with the highest count being

3 responses in Question 2. This implies that respondents have a largely positive perception, with

very few undecided opinions.

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Table 2: The graph of the response from the respondents in the category of “Effectiveness”

Table 2: To gain insights into the respondents' perceptions, the distribution of responses

across the Likert scale was examined. The responses are visually represented in a bar graph, where

the x-axis represents the questions, and the y-axis represents the number of respondents selecting

each Likert scale rating.

The highest responses were recorded in the Strongly Agree category (rating 5), particularly

for Question 1 (16 responses), Question 3 (20 responses), and Question 4 (17 responses). This

suggests that the majority of respondents perceive the RFID system as highly efficient in

registering attendance quickly, outperforming manual attendance processes, and saving time.

Questions 2 and 5 had a mixed distribution of responses, with a relatively higher number

of respondents selecting Agree (rating 4) and Neutral (rating 3). Specifically, Question 2 (8

responses in "Agree" and 6 in "Neutral") and Question 5 (7 responses in "Neutral" and 4 in

"Agree") suggest that while the system is generally perceived as efficient, some respondents

remain uncertain about its consistency in processing attendance without delays or interruptions.

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The Strongly Disagree (rating 1) and Disagree (rating 2) categories had almost no

responses, except for Question 5, which received 1 response in the "Disagree" category. The

limited disagreement reinforces the positive perception of the system’s efficiency, with only slight

concerns regarding interruptions in operation.

The data indicates that the RFID-based attendance management system is widely

perceived as efficient, particularly in registering attendance swiftly and outperforming traditional

manual processes. The high agreement rates confirm the system’s time-saving benefits.

However, the slightly lower agreement levels for processing delays (Q2) and system

stability (Q5) suggest potential areas for improvement. The presence of neutral responses indicates

that some users may have experienced occasional inconsistencies or may require further

familiarization with the system.

Table 2: The graph of the response from the respondents in the category of “User
Friendliness”

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The highest responses were recorded in the Strongly Agree (rating 5) category for

Question 1 (17 responses), Question 2 (14 responses), and Question 5 (14 responses). This

suggests that the majority of respondents perceive the RFID system as easy to use, accessible, and

preferable to manual attendance tracking.

Moderate Agreement on Clarity of Instructions and Distraction-Free Usage Questions 3

and 4 had a relatively higher number of Neutral (rating 3) and Agree (rating 4) responses.

Specifically, Question 3 (8 in "Agree" and 3 in "Neutral") and Question 4 (6 in "Agree" and 3 in

"Neutral") suggest that while most respondents find the system user-friendly, some remain

uncertain about its potential to minimize distractions and provide clear instructions.

The Strongly Disagree (rating 1) and Disagree (rating 2) categories had very few

responses. Notably, Question 4 and Question 5 each had 1 response in "Disagree," indicating that

a small percentage of respondents may have experienced issues with system clarity and preference

over manual attendance.

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Table 2: The graph of the response from the respondents in the category of “User
Friendliness”

The highest responses were recorded in the Strongly Agree (rating 5) category for:

- Question 1 (15 responses) – System delivers appropriate and consistent outcomes.

- Question 2 (19 responses) – System card/chip is accessible.

- Question 3 (18 responses) – System allows viewing attendance history.

- Question 4 (20 responses) – “Swipe” feature makes recording attendance easy.

- Question 5 (17 responses) – System is easy to access.

These results suggest that the majority of respondents find the RFID system’s features

effective, accessible, and user-friendly.

Very few responses were recorded in the "Strongly Disagree" (rating 1) and "Disagree"

(rating 2) categories across all questions, indicating minimal dissatisfaction. The Neutral (rating

3) category had very few responses (at most 1 per question), reinforcing the idea that most users

have formed a clear opinion about the system’s features.

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Question 3 (1 Neutral, 0 Disagree, 18 Strongly Agree) suggests that some respondents may

require additional training or features to fully utilize attendance history tracking. Question 5 (1

Disagree, 6 Agree, 17 Strongly Agree) shows a minor concern about accessibility, which could

be due to external factors like technical issues or device limitations.

The data indicates that the RFID-based attendance management system is well-received

in terms of its features. The high agreement rates confirm that users find the system consistent,

accessible, and effective in recording and managing attendance.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents a summary of the findings, the conclusion based on the accumulated

results and the recommendations of the study is based on the major findings to the future

researchers.

Summary

The study analyzed the ease of use, effectiveness, efficiency, and characteristics of an

RFID-based attendance system. All the categories achieved 24 marks after careful rating. From

the results, the system is delivering evenly and positively under all parameters. Nonetheless, if

there are any adjustments needed, a closer examination of each category might be able to pinpoint

areas for improvement.

The average Likert scale rating for every system effectiveness question was calculated to

establish respondent perspectives. A bar chart was produced to give a visual representation of the

data, presenting frequency distribution of responses for every rating across all five questions. The

Strongly Agree category was rated most highly, implying that most respondents are of the opinion

that the RFID system's capacity to easily capture attendance, surpass traditional procedures, and

save time is greatly successful.

An agreement with questions 2 and 5 was met with a varied distribution, and relatively

more responses fell under the category of Agree (rating 4) and Neutral (rating 3). Strongly Agree

was assigned the highest score, particularly with respect to Questions 1 (16), 3 (20), and 4 (17),

indicating that although the RFID system is generally recognized as being highly effective at

instantly taking attendance, there are some respondents who remain unconvinced of its reliability

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in handling attendance without interruption or delay.

Questions 3 and 4 regarding Moderate Agreement on Clarity of Instructions and

Distraction-Free Usage received significantly higher Neutral (rating 3) and Agree (rating 4)

feedback, which implies that while a majority of respondents considered the system to be user-

friendly, there are some who remain skeptical about its clarity of instructions and reducing

distractions.

Most of the respondents were content with the features of the system except for a few

respondents who were strongly disagreed with. Some of the respondents might require additional

features or training for accurate attendance history monitoring. There is a slight accessibility issue,

perhaps because of technological challenges or device limitations. In general, the RFID-based

attendance management system is popular and efficient.

Conclusion

This study, in conclusion evaluated four categories such as efficiency, effectiveness, user-

friendly, and the last features, where each received a score of 24. The highest scores observed in

the computation of the respondents' answers were almost strongly Agree and Agree, with some

answers being Neutral. The structured scoring system is organized and balanced, demonstrating

consistency and reliability across all criteria. However, further investigation into each category

will identify areas for improvement. The study on the implementation of the RFID Based

attendance management system at Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School found some

challenges. These challenges include efficiency, effectiveness, user-friendliness, and also the

features. By understanding and addressing these challenges, the school can successfully

implement this system and improve the convenience for the students.

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Recommendations

Based on the evaluation of the RFID-based Student Attendance Management System for

Maria Asuncion Rodriguez Tiñga High School.

Based on the study's findings, the following recommendations are proposed to enhance the

RFID-based attendance system:

System Performance Enhancements

• Optimize the RFID reader’s sensitivity and accuracy to reduce failed scans and ensure

seamless attendance logging.

User Training and Awareness

• Conduct orientation sessions for students, teachers, and staff to familiarize them with the

RFID system’s functionality and usage.

System Accessibility and Security Improvements

• Strengthen data security

measures, including encryption and multi-level authentication, to prevent unauthorized access

and protect student records.

By implementing these recommendations, the RFID-based attendance system can operate

more efficiently, ensuring accurate attendance tracking while enhancing user experience and

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data security.

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References

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system

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APPENDIX A – RESEARCH LETTER

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APPENDIX B – SURVEY QUESTION

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APPENDIX C - VALIDATION FORM

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