Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

Present Modals Kullanımı

• OLASILIK
- He seems very strong. I think he can lift this rock.
• İZİN
- Students can have some coffee after the lesson.
CAN + v1 • RİCA
(-e bilmek) - Can you help me carry these boxes, please?
• YETENEK (BE ABLE TO)
- Birds are able to fly, people aren’t be able to fly.
But I believe I can fly, I believe I can touch the sky.

• DÜŞÜK OLASILIK
- He didn’t study but he may pass the exam.
• KİBAR İZİN İSTEME/VERME
MAY + v1
(SADECE ‘I’ VE ‘WE’)
(-e bilmek) - May I come in Sir?
- Yes, You may come in.

• DÜŞÜK OLASILIK
- She might come here at 12.00 but I don’t think he will as she is
not a punctual person.
MIGHT + v1
• KİBAR İZİN İSTEME/VERME
(-e bilmek) (SADECE ‘I’ VE ‘WE’)
- Might I borrow your pen?

• TAVSİYE
- I should help my father in the morning.
SHOULD & OUGHT TO + v1 • %90 EMİN OLMA/İHTİMAL
(- meli) - She should pass the exam!
(future only, not present)

• GEREKLİLİK & ZORUNLULUK

(SADECE OLUMLU)
- I must go to class today.
• GÜÇLÜ TAHMİN
MUST + v1 (SADECE OLUMLU)
(-meli) - Mary isn't in class. She must be sick (present only)
• YASAKLAMA
(SADECE MUSN’T)
- You must not smoke here!

•
GEREKLİLİK & ZORUNLULUK
(SADECE OLUMLU)
- I have to go to class today because I have an exam.
HAVE TO + v1
• GEREK YOK
(-meli) (SADECE OLUMSUZ)
- I don't have to go to class today because it’s Sunday.

• GEREK YOK
NEEDN’T & DON’T / DOESN’T
- I needn’t go to class today because it’s Sunday.
NEED TO + v1
- You don’t need to buy a guitar. I can give you mine.
(-mesine gerek yok)
•
YAPSAN İYİ OLUR / GEREKLİLİK
HAD BETTER + v1 (UYARI VE TEHDİT ANLAMI)
(-melisin) - You had better come early tomorrow. There’s a meeting and big
boss will be there.

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

• DÜŞÜK OLASILIK
- He didn’t study but he could pass the exam.
COULD + v1
• KİBAR SORU
(-e bilmek) - Could I borrow your pen?
- Could you help me?
• BEKLENTİ & YAPMAN BEKLENİR
BE TO & BE SUPPOSED TO + v1
- You are to be on time, or we will leave without you.
(-mesi beklenir) - He is supposed to come at 12.
• TERCİH ETME
WOULD RATHER & WOULD
- Julia would rather stay at home than go to cinema.
SOONER + v1
- Maria would sooner study medicine at university than study law.
(-meyi…. –maya tercih ederim)
• İSTEME (=WANT TO)
WOULD LIKE TO + v1 - I would like to have a cup of tea.
(-mayı isterim) - She would like to join to meeting.

• KİBAR SORU
- Will you please pass the salt?
• İSTEKLİLİK
WILL + v1
- The phone's ringing. I'll get it.
(-eceğim) • KESİNLİK(FUTURE TENSE)
-He will be here at 6:00 ((future only)

• TEKLİF YAPMAK İÇİN KİBAR SORU

SHALL + v1
- Shall I open the window?
(-ım mı?) - Shall we go to the park?

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

Past Modals Anlamı Kullanımı

- Yesterday, I was ill but ı had to go

Yapmak zorunda kaldık ve a meeting. My boss appreciated
HAD TO + V1
YAPTIK. me for appearing at the meeting
being ill.

DIDN’T NEED TO + V1 - I didn’t need to buy milk because

Yapmamıza gerek kalmadı,
we already had 3 boxes of milk at
DIDN’T HAVE TO + V1 YAPMADIK.
home.

- Oh, you needn't have done the

washing up!
Yapmana gerek yoktu ama
NEEDN’T HAVE + V3 - She need't have gone to the
YAPTIN.
airport to buy the ticket; there is a
branch of THY in Taksim.

Geçmişteki alışkanlık. I used to smoke when I was in Ankara but ı

USED TO + V1
…yaparDIM. have quited.

Geçmişteki alışkanlık. I would go fishing every Sunday before I

WOULD + V1
…yaparDIM. got married.

COULD + V1
Geçmişte beceri I could whistle when I five 5 but now ı
WAS/WERE ABLE TO + …. yapaBİLİRDİM. can’t.
V1

- Russia was able to launch its 35th

WAS/WERE ABLE TO +
rocket.
V1 BaşaraBİLDİK
- China managed to land on the
MANAGED TO + V1
dark side of the moon.

WASN’T/WEREN’T
ABLE TO + V1 YaPAMADIM. - I wasn't able to sleep last night.
FAILED TO +V1

- You should have stayed at home

SHOULD HAVE V3 Yapmalıydın.(EYLEM today, you need to rest.

OUGHT TO HAVE V3 YAPILMAMIŞ) - The party was such fun last night!
You ought to have come!

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

- I shouldn't have watered the

SHOULDN’T HAVE V3 flower that much, they are
YapMAmalıydın.(EYLEM witherred.
OUGHT NOT TO HAVE YAPILMIŞ)
V3 - You ought not have been so frank
with him.

- I could have passed my driving test

COULD HAVE V3 if I'd really tried.
Olabilirdi ama olMAdı.
MIGHT HAVE V3 - We might have missed the train,
why are you so late?

- I guess I may have been a bit hard

on her when she came home an
MAY/MIGHT/COULD Bir ihtimal yapmış olabilir. hour late.
HAVE V3 (düşük olasılık geçmişe dair) - Can I stay a little bit longer? My
mum may not have come home
and I don't have the keys.

- He must have known how much it

was going to cost. (I'm sure he
Yapmış olmalı.
MUST HAVE V3 knew.)
(geçmişe dair güçlü tahmin)
- Someone must have noticed the
mistake but no one warned me.

CAN’T HAVE V3 Yapmış olamaz, MÜMKÜN - He can't have been at home last
COULDN’T HAVE V3 DEĞİL) night. I saw him at the bar.

WOULD RATHER HAVE

V3 Tercih EDERİM. - I’d rather have stayed home than
geçmişte şunu yapmaktansa (have) gone to the cinema last
WOULD SOONER HAVE şunu tercih ederdim. night.(But I went to the cinema.)
V3

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

1. The company had sent the advertisement 6. A: Are you going to enroll on the second
to the newspaper when they realised course when we finish this one?
they’d mistyped the salary they were B: I don’t know. It’s tiring coming every
offering for the position. Luckily, they ---- day after work. I ---- a month before I start
the newspaper to correct their mistake the second course.
before they printed it.
A) may wait
A) could have asked B) am supposed to wait
B) were able to ask C) have waited
C) must have asked D) have to wait
D) were supposed to ask E) could have waited
E) might have asked
7. James will book the hotel rooms for the
2. A: I wish I hadn’t criticised Mark’s German representatives and you ---- them
drawings yesterday because he hasn’t at the airport at eight o’clock. Is that
spoken to me today. Do you think he’ll clear?
come to my party on Friday?
B: Possibly, he ---- you by then. A) have met
B) can meet
A) has forgiven C) are to meet
B) was able to forgive D) had met
C) might have forgiven E) would meet
D) must have forgiven
E) used to forgive 8. ---- lending me $20 so that I don't have to
give the taxi a $100 dollar note?
3. Since the day his manager transferred
him to the foundry section of the steel A) Would you like
works, he ---- safety goggles. B) Would you rather
C) Would you mind
A) will be wearing D) Had you better
B) has had to wear E) Do you mind if
C) ought to wear
D) must have worn 9. A: Jack doesn’t work for a computer
E) is wearing company, so why has he gone to the
computer exhibition?
4. A: This student has circled the mistakes B: I don’t know. He ---- interested in
in the text, but he hasn’t corrected them, buying a computer to use at home or
so he’ll only get half marks. perhaps he’s thinking of starting his own
B: He ---- the instructions properly. company.

A) would rather not read A) must be

B) had better not read B) has to be
C) needn’t have read C) will be
D) shouldn’t have read D) ought to be
E) must not have read E) could be

5. As a single woman, Lucy ---- quite a lot of 10. You ---- anything to me. If you want to
money on clothes, jewellery and spend virtually your entire wages on
cosmetics, but now married with two lottery tickets, then that’s up to you.
children, she can’t spare so much money
on them. A) couldn’t have explained
B) don’t have to explain
A) might spend C) weren’t able to explain
B) had spent D) shouldn’t have explained
C) would rather spend E) weren’t supposed to explain
D) would spend
E) should have spent 11. You ---- anything until after your
operation. The nurses will tell you when it is all
right.
A) needn’t eat
B) don’t have to eat
C) couldn’t eat
D) mustn’t eat
E) might not eat

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

12. Oh dear, my fruit cake is a little too sweet. 18. Amy Johnson, the first woman pilot who -
I ---- the amount of sugar I add to the --- from England to Australia, ---- several
mixture next time. times during her flight to fill her plane
with petrol.
A) have been reducing A) had flown / has stopped
B) should have reduced B) could fly / was stopping
C) will have to reduce C) used to fly / might stop
D) have had to reduce D) was flying / would rather stop
E) must be reducing E) flew / had to stop

13. Isn’t it great that Tim and Sue have given 19. ---- you take this screwdriver back to Mr.
up smoking? The both ---- too much. Smith next door and thank him for
lending it to us?
A) used to smoke A) Will
B) ought to be smoking B) Must
C) must be smoking C) Ought
D) would rather smoke D) Shall
E) have been smoking E) May

14. A: What’s happened to Mr. Meyer? 20. They ---- their house yet. They only put it
B: He’s ill in hospital. They ---- keep him up for sale yesterday.
in overnight, and if they do, he ---- travel A) haven’t been selling
back to Germany tomorrow morning. B) might not be selling
C) needn’t have sold
A) may / won’t be able to D) ought not to sell
B) would / ought not to E) can’t have sold
C) shall / doesn’t have to
D) can / couldn’t 21. We ---- get a visa before we ---- go to
E) ought to / didn’t use to Bulgaria.

15. A: ---- we paint the kitchen this A) could / would

weekend? B) are to / must
B: We could, but I ---- wait until the C) have to / can
weather gets better because we’ll have to D) may / have to
open the windows. E) will / shall

A) Ought / prefer 22. I only had a brief chat with Mary at the
B) May / must bus stop, so I ---- to ask her how she ----
C) Can / would like on in her new job.
D) Shall / would sooner
E) Would / had better A) might forget / could get
B) forgot / was getting
16. A: I couldn’t persuade John to come to C) have forgotten / used to get
the match with us. He said he couldn’t D) would forget / gets
afford it. E) must have forgotten / should get
B: You ---- to lend him the money.
A: I did, but he said he ---- borrow any
money at the moment.

A) have offered / ought not to

B) could have offered / would rather not
C) may have offered / used not to
D) must have offered / wouldn’t like
E) can offer / had better not

17. ---- I ask you a favour? ---- you work on

Thursday night this week instead of
Friday night?

A) Can / Did
B) Would / Will
C) May / Could
D) Might / Shall
E) Must / Would

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

23. A: Well, I’ve got lots of great ideas, but I 29. Film music —- significant in many ways,
haven’t written anything down yet. of course, but not as music, which is why the
B: But you ---- us a written outline of your proposition that better composers —- better film
section of the project today! music is not necessarily true.
A: Don’t panic. I’ll do it tomorrow.
A) had been / shall produce
A) would rather have given B) has been / should have produced
B) were able to give C) is / could produce
C) must have given D) can be / had produced
D) were supposed to give E) would be / produced
E) had to give
30. A: I missed this week’s episode of “The
24. Our father ---- a small present for me and Simpsons”. What happened?
my sister every month when he ---- his B: I don’t know. I don’t watch it any more.
salary. A: Why not? I thought you were a fan of
the show like me.
A) was buying / had received B: Yes, I ---- it three times a week, but now
B) has had to buy / was receiving I go to German lessons every night.
C) must have bought / could receive
D) would buy / received A) used to watch
E) bought / could have received B) had watched
C) must have watched
25. I ---- listening to pop music at all, but D) have watched
recently I have realised that I quite like E) was able to watch
certain pop-songs.
31. I believe you ---- this computer
A) didn’t use to enjoy programme in your previous job, so you --
B) ought not to enjoy -- it difficult at times. Please don’t hesitate
C) must not have enjoyed to ask me for help.
D) can’t have been enjoying
E) wasn’t enjoying A) didn’t use / might find
B) haven’t used / must find
26. When their baby was born, Lucy ---- up C) couldn’t use / have found
work until they found someone to look D) may not use / will find
after the baby. E) hadn’t used / can find

A) must give 32. Apparently, the man across the road ----
B) ought to give his car after all because he took down the
C) had to give for-sale sign a week ago and he is still
D) used to give driving to work.
E) has given
A) used to keep
27. They had their baby daughter in June B) had better keep
and, since then, they ---- in restaurants C) was keeping
very often. D) was able to keep
E) is keeping
A) didn’t use to eat
B) couldn’t eat 33. A: Hopefully, Peter booked the tickets for
C) aren’t supposed to eat us yesterday.
D) haven’t been able to eat B: He ---- them yesterday. The booking
E) weren’t able to eat office is closed on Saturdays.
A: Oh well, I’m sure he’ll order them
28. One of the great advances of astronomy tomorrow then.
over recent years —- the discovery of
planets outside our solar system, and it is A) had better not look
the first real clue that we —- alone in the B) hasn’t booked
universe. C) couldn’t have booked
D) needn’t have booked
A) is going to be / mustn’t be E) wasn’t supposed to book
B) is / were not
C) had been / will not be
D) was / would not be
E) has been / may not be

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 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

34. As a comedian he is no longer D) Vasıflı ve vasıfsız işçiler arasındaki fark açıldıkça

appreciated but ten years ago people …….. at gelir eşitsizlikleri artabilir.
his jokes. E) Vasıflı ve vasıfsız işçiler, aralarındaki gelir
eşitsizliğinin arttığını biliyorlar.
A) used to laugh 40. So far we haven’t been able to get any
B) have been laughing reliable information about the extent of the food
C) arc used to laughing poisoning on the campus.
D) have laughed
E) had laughed A) Kampüsteki gıda zehirlenmesinin boyutları ile
ilgili şu anki bilgilerimiz hiç de güvenilir değil.
35. My dictionary isn’t in its usual place; B) Şu ana kadar edindiğimiz bilgiler, kampüsteki
someone ……… it. gıda zehirlenmesinin gerçek boyutlarını gösterir
A) should be borrowed nitelikte değil.
B) can borrow C) Şu ana kadar elimize, kampüsteki gıda
C) might borrow zehirlenmesinin nedenleri ile ilgili güvenilir bilgiler
D) must have borrowed ulaşmadı.
E) ought to borrow D) Şu ana kadar, kampüsteki gıda zehirlenmesinin
boyutları ile ilgili hiçbir güvenilir bilgi edinemedik.
36. I ……… travel by coach to Istanbul last E) Kampüsleki gıda zehirlenmesinin boyutlarına
week because the airline pilots were on strike. ilişkin bilgilerimizin hiçbiri yeterince güvenilir değil.
A) ought to
B) need to
C) had to 41. Sally worked all the weekend to finish
D) am to the project in time, but actually she …… so.
E) should
A) couldn’t have done
37. You ……………. your doctor before you B) wouldn’t have done
started dieting. C) doesn’t have to do
A) might consult D) may not do
B) can consult E) needn’t have done
C) have to consult
D) should have consulted 42. I don’t want us to be late for the
E) have consulted meeting, so we — take a taxi.

38. You ………… wear jeans or trainers at a A) have had to

formal gathering. It wouldn’t be right. B) are able to
C) had to
A) needn’t D) had better
B) don’t have to E)needed
C) might not
D) weren’t able to 43. In southern California, half the region’s
E) mustn’t water needs _____ by rainfall, but most of its
rain________ straight into the sea.
39. I ………. at a research centre but I
decided to work for an oil company since the A) are being met/would be channelled
pay was much better. B) could be met/is channelled
C) could have been met/will be channelled
A) could have worked D) had been met/is being channelled
B) may work E) were being met/will have been channelled
C) had to work
D) had better work
E) have been working 44. One of them must be lying, and I
suspect that it’s Emma.
39. Inequalities of income could grow as the
difference between skilled and unskilled A) It’s probably Emma who is lying, it can’t be one of
workers widens. the others.
B) Emma is the one who is lying; it’s clearly not one
A) Gelirlerdeki eşitsizlik arttıkça vasıflı ve vasıfsız of the others.
işçiler arasındaki fark belirginleşebilir. C) Clearly it’s Emma who is lying and the others are
B) Vasıflı ve vasıfsız işçiler arasındaki fark not.
büyüdüğü için gelir, eşitsizlikleri artıyor. D) If anyone is lying, it’s got to be Emma.
C) Vasıflı ve vasıfsız işçiler arasındaki gelir E) I have a feeling that it’s Emma who is lying; one
eşitsizliği gittikçe artmaktadır. of them certainly is

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23.07.2020
 Modals Konu Çalışması & Çıkmış Sorular

1 B 12 C 23 D 34 A
2 C 13 A 24 D 35 D
3 B 14 A 25 A 36 C
4 E 15 D 26 C 37 D
5 D 16 B 27 D 38 E
6 A 17 C 28 E 39 A
7 C 18 E 29 C 40 D
8 C 19 A 30 A 41 E
9 E 20 E 31 A 42 D
10 B 21 C 32 E 43 B
11 D 22 B 33 C 44 E

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23.07.2020