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MODALSs

This document provides a summary of English modal verbs including their meanings and uses. It discusses modal verbs such as can, can't, could, couldn't, may, must, mustn't, have to, don't have to, should, shouldn't, need to, needn't, used to, shall, will, would, had better, can't have, might/may have, should have, could have, needn't have, and would have. For each modal verb, it provides 1-3 examples to illustrate their different uses and meanings in English.

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Elgun Eminov
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64 views26 pages

MODALSs

This document provides a summary of English modal verbs including their meanings and uses. It discusses modal verbs such as can, can't, could, couldn't, may, must, mustn't, have to, don't have to, should, shouldn't, need to, needn't, used to, shall, will, would, had better, can't have, might/may have, should have, could have, needn't have, and would have. For each modal verb, it provides 1-3 examples to illustrate their different uses and meanings in English.

Uploaded by

Elgun Eminov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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L D TO

T E
US OU AY AV
AD ER
M SH M H H TT
BE

N
MODALS in
ENGLISH MODALS D
TO
A A
C
ENGLISH H

TO
LD HT
COU
İNGİLİZCE’de OU
G

KİPLER
UL
D
D
TO
HT and
O S E IG PERFECT
W U M
MODALS
Can (-ebilmek)
1- Ability (yetenek) I can play the guitar
2- Giving permission (izin verme): You can use my laptop
3-Asking for permission (izin isteme) : Can I go out?
4- Request (rica): Can you open the door, please?
5- Possibility (olasılık) : It can be a good idea to set off earlier
Can’t (-ememek)
1- Lack of ability(yetersizlik) : He can’t drive a car
2- Impossibility(imkansızlık): He can’t be at home. I saw him outside
3-Prohibition(yasaklama) : You can’t use my laptop
Could (-ebil[ir]di)
1- Ability in the past(geçmişteki yetenek) :
He could swim very well when he was young
2- Polite request (kibar rica): Could you please explain that again?

3-Asking for permission (izin isteme) : Could I use your laptop?

4- Managing to do sth (bir şey başarıldığında) : I could fix the radio by myself.

5- Unreal Present(Farazi durumlar) : If you called him, he could come here.


6- Possibility (olasılık): It could get very hot in İzmir
Couldn’t (-eme(z)di)
1- Lack of ability in the past(geçmişte yetersizlik) :
She couldn’t play the flute in music class when she was in school.

2- Something you didn’t manage to do in the past : ( Yakın geçmişte


başaramadığımız eylemler)
I couldn’t catch the train in the morning.
May (-ebilir)
1- Possibility (Olasılık): It may rain tonight
2- Asking for permission (İzin isteme): May I go to the toilet?
3- Saying good or bad wishes (İyi ya da kötü dilek dileme):
May God give you patience !
may = might
must (-meli / malı)
1- Personal obligation (kişisel zorunluluk) :
I must study harder to get into university

2- Recommendation ( tavsiye ): You must come and visit Istanbul

3- Possibility (olasılık – çıkarım) : He must be at home


mustn’t (-mamalı[sın])
Prohibition (yasaklama- güçlü uyarı ) :

You mustn’t touch his personal belongings.


have to / has to (-mek zorunda)
1- Obligation coming from outside (Dışardan gelen zorunluluk) :

I have to wear glasses.


She has to look after her mother.

I – you – we – they = have to He- she- it = has to


Don’t / doesn’t have to (-mek zorunda değil)

1- not necessary (gerekli olmadığında) :

You don’t have to get up early. Tomorrow is Sunday.


She doesn’t have to work . Her father is very rich

I – you- we- they = don’t have to he – she – it = doesn’t have to


should (-sen iyi olur)
1- advice (tavsiye) : You should take an aspirin.

2- if any = should (eğer ki ) : Should you need any help, you can call
me
Shouldn’t (-mesen iyi olur)

1- advice (tavsiye) :You shouldn’t watch too much television.


need to (-me[m] lazım)

1- necessity (gereklilik) :

I need to learn English in a short time.

She needs to learn English in a short time

I – you – we – they = need to he-she-it = needs to


needn’t(-me[ye] gerek yok)

1- not necessary (gerek yok) :

I needn’t go shopping today. We have enough food.


used to(-erdi / ardı )

1- past habits (geçmiş alışkanlıklar) :

I used to smoke in the past

I didn’t use to go to the cinema before.


shall (-elim / alım mı? )

1- suggestion (öneri) :

Shall I make you some tea?

Shall we go to the cinema after dinner?


will (-er/ar – ecek/acak)
1- request (rica) :Will you please turn on the aircon?
2- prediction (tahmin ) : I think GS will win the match
3- Promise ( söz verme) : I won’t tell lies to you again.
4- Decision at the time of speaking (konuşma anında
verilen karar)
A: I am very hungry.
B: OK. I will buy you some pizza.
would(-ecekti – er/ar mısın)
1- wish or request ( dilek yada rica ) : Would you lock the door, please?

2- habits in the past ( geçmiş alışkanlıklar ) : we would play near the


school in our childhood.

3- advice ( tavsiye ): If I were you, I would tell him the truth

4- unreal present ( farazi durumlar): I would give you the money you
need if I were rich.
had better(-se[k] iyi olur / (yoksa )
1- advice (öneri) :

We had better buy some petrol. Otherwise, we will be stranded.

You had better not go there alone


Can’t have V(3) (-mış olamaz)
1- impossibility (imkansızlık) :

He can’t have finished the university. He is just 18 years old.


might /may have V(3) (-mış olabilir )
1- % 50 possibility in the past (geçmişte olasılık) :

I might have left my keys at home.


Should have V(3) (-meliydi / malıydı)
1- Something you did or didn’t do in the past and regret(geçmişte
yapılan ya da yapılmayan şeyden dolayı duyulan pişmanlık ) :

We should have invited them to the party. They took offence at


us.

I shouldn’t have left the door open. The cat had spilt the whole
milk.
could have V(3) (-ebilirdi)
1- past alternatives (geçmişteki alternatifler)(sitem) :

You could have at least asked someone how to do that.

2- possibility in the past (geçmişte olasılık ) :

If you hadn’t stopped on the road, we could have had an


accident.
needn’t have V(3) (-me[n]e gerek yoktu)

1- unnecesarry past action(geçmişte gereksizlik) :

You needn’t have bought any bread. We have plenty at home.


would have V(3) (-erdi / ardı)

1- possibility in the past but not done (geçmişte gerçekleşmemiş


olasılık) :

I would have visited you when I came to Antalya. But, I lost your
phone number.

I wouldn’t have finished my work if you hadn’t helped me


Thanks for
watching
by Emrah Hoca

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