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Lecture4 021424

The document discusses antenna radiation properties including radiation intensity, beamwidth, and directivity. It provides definitions and examples of calculating directivity for different antenna types and radiation patterns. Approximation methods for determining directivity such as Kraus's formula and Tai & Pereira's formula are also covered.

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NNARII
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13 views31 pages

Lecture4 021424

The document discusses antenna radiation properties including radiation intensity, beamwidth, and directivity. It provides definitions and examples of calculating directivity for different antenna types and radiation patterns. Approximation methods for determining directivity such as Kraus's formula and Tai & Pereira's formula are also covered.

Uploaded by

NNARII
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

ENE/EIE429
Antenna Theory

Lecture 4 RS

Radiation Properties II
Antenna Radiation Intensity, Beamwidth, and
Directivity

Reference: Antenna Theory, 3rd edition, by Constantine A. Balanis


2

RS

Overview
• Radiation intensity
• Beamwidth
• Directivity
3

Directivity
4

Definitions
D = Directivity (dimensionless)
Dmax = Maximum directivity
U = Radiation intensity (W/unit solid angle)
Umax = Maximum radiation intensity
U0 = Radiation intensity of isotropic source
Prad = Radiated power (W)
5

Partial directivities (1)


6

Partial directivities (2)


7

Partial directivities (3)


8

Ex3 As an illustration, find the maximum directivity of the


*+,-
antenna whose radiated power is 𝑊"#$ = 𝑊" 𝑎'r = 𝐴) . 𝑎'r
"
W/m2. Write an expression for the directivity as a
function of the directional angles q and f.
9

Ex4 The radial component of the radiated power density of an


infinitesimal linear dipole is given by
sin 2 q
Wav = aˆrWr = aˆr A0
r2
where A0 is the peak value of the power density. Determine the
maximum directivity of the antenna and express the directivity as a
function of the direction angles q and f.
10

Three-dimensional radiation patterns


11

Summary
12

Summary
13

2D directivity pattern
14

3D directivity pattern
15

Far field radiation


16

Summary
17
18

General formulation of directivities


19
20
21

Non-symmetrical pattern Symmetrical pattern


22

Kraus’s formula
23

Tai & Pereira’s formula


Ex5
25

Directional pattern
Comparison between Krauss and Tai&Pereira’s
approximations
26
27

Exact and approximate directivities


28

Exact and approximate directivities


29

Omnidirectional patterns
With minor lobes Without minor lobes
30
31

Ex6 Design an antenna with omnidirectional


pattern with a HPBW = 90°. Determine n
and directivity.

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