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Mathematical Problem On Thermo Cycle

The document contains 11 mathematical problems related to thermodynamic cycles including: 1) A Carnot cycle problem to calculate efficiency and power output 2) An Otto cycle problem to calculate efficiency and temperatures at key points 3) A Diesel cycle problem to calculate air-standard efficiency given a compression ratio

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Maher
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11 views5 pages

Mathematical Problem On Thermo Cycle

The document contains 11 mathematical problems related to thermodynamic cycles including: 1) A Carnot cycle problem to calculate efficiency and power output 2) An Otto cycle problem to calculate efficiency and temperatures at key points 3) A Diesel cycle problem to calculate air-standard efficiency given a compression ratio

Uploaded by

Maher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematical Problem

Problem - 1 : While undergoing a Carnot cycle, the working fluid receives


heat at a temperature of 317 ° C and rejects heat at a temperature of 22 ° C.
Find the theoretical efficiency of the cycle. If the engine working on this
cycle absorbs 2,100kJ/min from the hot body, calculate the net work done
in kJ per sec. and the theoretical power of the engine. [50%, 17.5 kJ/sec,
17.5 KW]

Problem - 2: An engine working on the ideal Otto Cycle has a clearance


volume of 0.03 m3 and swept volume of 0.12 m3. The pressure and
temperature at the beginning of compression are 100 kPa and 100 ° C
respectively. If the pressure at the end of constant volume heat addition is
2,500 kPa, calculate:
i. the air-standard efficiency of the cycle, and
ii. the temperatures at the salient (key) points of the cycle. Assume γ=
1.4 for air.
iii. Mean effective pressure
[i. 47.5%, ii. 437 ºC, 1592 ºC, 707 ºC]
Mathematical Problem
Problem - 3: An engine working on Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of
15 and cut-off takes place at 5% of the stroke. Find the air-standard
efficiency. Assume value of γ= 1.4 for air.

Problem - 4: An engine working on Diesel cycle has engine cylinder bore


150 mm and stroke 200 mm. The clearance volume is 10% of the swept
volume. Determine the compression ratio and the air standard efficiency of
the engine if the cut-off takes place at 6 % of the stroke.

Problem - 5: An air engine works on the following cycle: Air is taken in at


atmospheric pressure of 110 kPa and temperature of 16°C, and is compressed
adiabatically, the pressure at the end of the stroke being 3,500 kPa. Heat is
taken in at constant pressure; the expansion afterwards takes place
adiabatically, the ratio of expansion being 5. The air is exhausted at the end
of the stroke, the heat is assumed to be rejected at constant volume. Find
the ideal thermal efficiency. Take the specific heats of air as Cp = 1.0035
kJ/kg K and Cv = 0.7165 kJ/kg K.
Mathematical Problem
Problem-6: An oil engine working on the dual-combustion cycle has a
cylinder diameter of 25 cm and stroke of 36 cm. The clearance volume is
i,600 cm3 and cut-off takes place at 5 per cent of the stroke. The explosion
pressure ratio is 1.4. Find the air-standard efficiency of the engine. Assume
γ = 1.4 for air.

Problem-7: An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the


beginning of the compression process, air is at 100 kPa and 17°C, and 800
kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the constant-volume heat-addition
process. Accounting for the variation of specific heats of air with
temperature, determine
(a) the maximum temperature and pressure that occur during the cycle,
(b) the net work output,
(c) the thermal efficiency, and
(d ) the mean effective pressure for the cycle.
Mathematical Problem
Problem-8: A gas-turbine power plant operating on an ideal Brayton cycle
has a pressure ratio of 8. The gas temperature is 300 K at the compressor
inlet and 1300 K at the turbine inlet. Utilizing the air-standard
assumptions, determine (a) the gas temperature at the exits of the
compressor and the turbine, (b) the back work ratio, and (c) the thermal
efficiency.

Problem -9: Assuming a compressor efficiency of 80 percent and a turbine


efficiency of 85 percent, determine (a) the back work ratio, (b) the thermal
efficiency, and (c) the turbine exit temperature of the gas-turbine cycle
discussed in problem-8.

Problem -10: Determine the thermal efficiency of the gas-turbine


described in problem-8 if a regenerator having an effectiveness of 80
percent is installed.
Problem-11: Steam is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle as per figure. The
net power output of the cycle is 100 MW.
Determine for the cycle (a) the thermal efficiency, (b) the back work ratio, (c) the mass
flow rate of the steam, in kg/h, (d) the rate of heat transfer, Qin, into the working fluid
as it passes through the boiler, in MW, (e) the rate of heat transfer, Qout, from the
condensing steam as it passes through the condenser, in MW, (f ) the mass flow rate of
the condenser cooling water, in kg/h, if cooling water enters the condenser at 15 C and
exits at 35 C.

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