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Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)

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6 views

Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)

Uploaded by

Dth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRINTED CIRCUIT

BOARDS (PCB)

Introduction
2

• The most vital element in electronic circuits and equipment's is the Printed Circuit Board
(PCB).

• It is also possible to build an electronic circuit with bread boards and zero boards, but the
method is a low level and less efficient one where in the designing circuit is prone to
damage and the designing involves a complex process of placing the components of the
circuit.

• Electronic circuits in engineering and industry are normally manufactured by using printed
circuit boards (PCBs). These boards are made up of special materials that do not conduct
electricity such as fiber and glass.
3

• The circuits are designed on the boards with copper tracks, instead of wires for the
conduction of electricity between the electronic components.

• The electronic components are fixed in their respective positions, by drilling holes on the
board, placing the components. Then soldering them in appropriate positions so that the
copper tracks and components together form a circuit.

• It offer quick functioning, access, control, monitoring and precise and exact results when
compared to other wiring methods based devices.
PCB STRUCTURE

• Circuit connects components through board.


• Made of alternating layers of conducting and insulating materials.
• Types of PCBs:
- Single Sided
- Double Sided
- Multiple Layer
- Rigid
- Flexible
- Rigid-Flex
SINGLE SIDED PCB

• Single layer PCB, also known as single-sided PCB, which is a type of PCB which comes
with only one layer of conducting material on one side of the board and other side is
used for incorporating different electronic components on the board.

• Single layer PCB is widely used in the printed circuit board design in a variety of different
electronic sectors where low costs are required.
DOUBLE SIDED PCB

•Double Sided PCB, also known as two layer PCB is a type of PCB which has conductive
copper layers on both sides of the board.
•Simply put, double sided PCB comes with two sided traces or paths i.e. top layer and
bottom layer.
•It is extremely useful in many electronic applications because circuits on one side of the
board can be connected on the other side of the board with the help of holes drilled on the
board.
MULTI LAYER PCB

•Multilayer PCB consists of a minimum 3 and larger than three numbers of a layer that has
conductive paths.
•All these layers have some insulation material among them and connected with one
another through some adhesive material.
•This structure of large no of layers provides a large space for the construction of circuits.
•The linking among the layers of the circuit board are done by the plating through-hole
method.
RIGID PCB

• Rigid PCB is Solid, inflexible Printed Circuit Board.


• Rigid Circuit Board is a Board that we cannot bend or force out of shape. It is not
flexible. Once a Rigid Circuit Board is manufactured they cannot be modified or folded
into any other shape.
• Rigid Circuit Board is made of solid substrate with copper tracks and components.
FLEX PCB

• Made out of materials that can flex and move, such as plastic (Kapton,
polyester or polyamide).
• Higher fabrication costs, flexibility and weight savings.
RIGID-FLEX PCB

• They consist of a mixture of flexible copper conductor layers on dielectric film


and rigid copper material，
• Combine the best of both rigid boards and flexible circuits integrated together
into one.
• Aerospace, Medical, and Military electronic applications.
PARTS OF PCB

• Components
• Pads
• Traces
• Vias
• Top metal layer
• Bottom Metal Layer
• Soldier Mask
COMPONENTS

• Actual devices used in the circuit.


• Input/output connections

PADS

• Location that components connect to.


• You will soldier the components to pads in the
PCB.
• Pads will connect to traces.
• Pads have an inner and outer diameter.
TRACES

• Traces connects pads together.


• Traces are essentially the wiring of the PCB.
• Equivalent for wires for conducting signals.
• Traces sometimes connects to vias.
• High current traces should be wide.
• Signal traces usually narrower than power or ground traces.

VIAS

• Vias are tiny conductive paths that establish


electrical connections between different PCB
layers.
TOP METAL LAYER

• More component, few traces.


• Most of the components are soldered to the pads of the top layer.
• Higher circuit densities.

BOTTOM METAL LAYER

• Few components, more traces.


• Most soldering is done in this layer.
SOLDIER MASK

• Protect copper traces and outer layers from corrosion.


• Designed to keep soldier on certain areas.
• Prevent soldier from binding between conductors and creating short circuits.

SILKSCREEN

• Printing on soldier mask to designate


component locations. Readable information
about component part numbers and
placement.

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