Scribd
Upload
20 views30 pages

2. 3 Why Elements React to Form Compounds

The document explains the structure of ions and their comparison with atoms, detailing how ionic and covalent bonds are formed. It describes the reactivity of elements based on atomic size and the process of ion formation through electron loss or gain. Additionally, it provides examples of ionic and covalent compounds, emphasizing the differences between ionic and covalent bonds.

Uploaded by

dafdhashim1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views30 pages

2. 3 Why Elements React to Form Compounds

The document explains the structure of ions and their comparison with atoms, detailing how ionic and covalent bonds are formed. It describes the reactivity of elements based on atomic size and the process of ion formation through electron loss or gain. Additionally, it provides examples of ionic and covalent compounds, emphasizing the differences between ionic and covalent bonds.

Uploaded by

dafdhashim1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

2.

3 Why elements react to


form compounds part 2
•Describe the structure of an ion and compare it with that of an atom
•Explain how ionic and covalent bonds are formed
• Explain what a molecule is
• Write the formulae of some ionic and covalent compounds.
.
Pre assessment
Use a pencil to answer the following
questions in your copy of periodic table
1. Shade group 7 elements.
2. Shade Period 3 elements in the periodic table.
3. Put X on a metal in the same group as magnesium
4. Put Y on a gas in the same period as magnesium.
5. Put Z on a more reactive element than Sodium in the same
group.
Look at the electronic structures for the
elements lithium, sodium and potassium.
Which one is more reactive and why?

As the atomic size increases the electrostatic attraction


force between positive protons and negative electrons
will decreases
So it’ll be easy for the atom to lose electrons
look at the electronic structures for the elements fluorine
and chorine.
Guess which element is more reactive than the other and
why?

As the atomic size increases the electrostatic attraction


force between positive protons and negative electrons
will decreases
So it’ll be difficult for the atom to gain electrons
1. Which group in the Periodic Table each of
these elements are in?
2. How fluorine ion is formed from fluorine
atom?
3. How lithium ion is formed from Lithium
atom?
4. What is meant by ionic bond?
1- Lithium in group 1 while Fluorine is in group 7
2- Fluorine ion gains one electron to become negative ion
3- Lithium ion loses one electron to become positive ion
4- it’s the attraction between positive ion and negative ion
Why ions are formed?
• Because the outer shell in an atom isn’t full.

• So atoms lose or gain or share electrons to become


saturated.
Workbook
P 36
Group 1 elements react with Group
7 elements forming ionic bond

Ionic
compounds

Note:
 Start with the metal name
 Non metal name is slightly
changed by adding suffix ide
Other ionic compounds
• In some elements more than one electron is lost or gained.
For example, when magnesium combines with oxygen to
form magnesium oxide, MgO.
If the metal atom loses more than 1 electron and the
non metal atom can gain only one electron, The metal
atom will react with more than one non metal atom.
Guided practice Learner’s book
P 66
Workbook
P 37 -38
Covalent Bond
Sharing electrons
EX. 1 Hydrogen and chlorine
• When non-metals form compounds they do so by sharing electrons to
• fill their outermost electron shells.
• a molecule of hydrogen chloride is formed; its formula is HCl.
1- draw electric
structure
2- how many
electrons in the
outer shell.
3- how many
electrons needed.
4- decide how many
covalent bonds will
be formed
Sharing electrons
EX. 2 Hydrogen and Hydrogen
Guess how to form Hydrogen Molecule then ,Draw the chemical
formula of it

 An atom of Hydrogen has one electron in the outer shell ( 1st energy level).
 It needs one electron to be full and stable.
 Each hydrogen atom will share with one electron forming covalent bond.
 A molecule of hydrogen is formed. It’s formula is
Sharing electrons
EX. 3 Hydrogen and Nitrogen

 An atom of Nitrogen
 An atom of Hydrogen has five electron in
has one electron in the outer shell and
the outer shell and needs three electrons
needs one electron to to be full and stable.
 Each Nitrogen atom
be full and stable.
 Each hydrogen atom can share with three
can share with one electrons
 So one nitrogen atom
electron
will bond with 3
Hydrogen atoms.
More examples of
covalent compounds
Learner’s book
P 70
Ionic bond Covalent bond
It’s a link formed by the It’s a link formed when
attraction between atoms share electrons to
positive ion and negative form a molecule
ion
It includes losing and It includes sharing
gaining electrons electrons
Between metal and non Between 2 non metals
metal
• stable: firmly fixed
• chemical bond: ways in which elements are joined together to form
compounds
• ion: an atom with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more
electrons
• ionic bond: a link formed between two or more ions to form a compound
• ionic compound: a compound formed when the ions of a metal and a non-
metal react together
• molecule: a particle formed when atoms are bonded together with covalent
bonds
• covalent bond: a link formed when atoms share electrons to form a
molecule
• dot and cross diagram: a way of showing atoms sharing electrons to form
a covalent bond
Describe What happens when
Na reacts with Cl?
Ionic bond
• The metal loses electrons to form + ion.
• Non-metal gains electrons to form – ion.
• Electrostatic attraction force between + and
– ions.
Click and Play
Dot and Cross Diagram
•Time to Play
Learner’s book
Page 63

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy