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k|wfgdGqLn] /flhgfdf lbg'sf] ljsNk nf] s tGqkl5 hGd] s f] u0ftGq NofpF 5 g\ . d' n ' s nfO{ ;+ s 6af6 ljZn]if0f 5 . d'ns ' df nf]stGq cfP b:tvt x'gk' 5{ . t/ dGqL cf]emfn]
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b]zdf u[xo'4 lgDtg] / To;sf] bf]ifL u0ftGq 3f]if0ff x'bF f;Dd ;xdlt u/]sf jif{ k'us ] f] cj;/df bnx¿n] /fli6«o ;jf]R{ rtf geP nf]stGq x'g g;Sg] pkbkmf ! cg';f/ kl/ifb\n] cfˆgf]
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h]7 !$ ut] gofF ;+ljwfgsf] 3f]if0ffsf] bdgåf/f lhTg g;Sg'sf] sf/0f zf]if0f, pTkL8gn] hghLljsfsf] eof] . Tof] jftf{sfnd ;+ljwfg;ef ;xdt
Jou| t fk" 0 f{ k| t LIff u/L a;] s f zflGtk|lqmofaf6 lhTg ;lsG5 ls eGg] ;dflKt x'bF 5 } , oL ljifo uDeL/ aGb} ePsf] eP Tolt 7"nf] /Qmkft x'g] lyPg .
Oltxf;b]lv 7luFb} / n'l6Fb} cfPsf b'/fzo xf] . ljutdf /fhfn] ;d]t uPsf]n] oL s'/f ;dfKt kf/]/ /fli6«o of] 36gfn] eg\ 5n{Ë kf¥of] ls pgLx¿sf]
hg;d'bfo olta]nf ;+ljwfg g} gaGg] x'TofOlbPkl5 afWofTds kl/l:yltn] :jfwLgtf, hgtfsf] k| f lKt / OR5fljk/Lt afWotfn] 8f]¥ofPsf]
jif{ #, c+s #$, j}zfv !@ ut] cfOtaf/ @)^& cfz+sfn] r]lkPsf 5g\ . ;'?sf ;]gf;lxtsf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 1fg]Gb| hghLljsfsf] Uof/]G6Lsf] lnlvt dfu ;+ljwfg;ef ag]sf] sf/0f sfFu;]| –Pdfn]
lbgx¿df gofF / qmflGtsf/L ;+ljwfg k|zf;glj?4 k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] p2]Zo /flvPsf] xf] . z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg glbg] v]ndf olta]nf
aGg] cfzf af]s] klg em08} Ps jif{kl5 lnP/ glhP klg cfh /fhtGq g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] lro/s';gd'lg nfu]sf 5g\ .
;DkfbsLo Tof] ;Defjgf sdhf]/ aGb} uof] . xl6;s]sf]n] p;nfO{ klxn]s} 9Ën] bdg cf]5o\ fP/ a:of] . ptf cfk"mnfO{ emfkf t];f| ] kIf– ;]gf kl/rfngkl5 klg
o;sf] pQ/fw{df s'g} klg k|sf/sf] jf hgtfaf6 cnUofP/ g]kfnsf kl/jt{g ljb|f]xaf6 cfPsf] sDo'lg:6 7fGg] pgLx¿sf] ;Qfdf emg\ ;+s6 ePkl5
ljb]zL k|es' f] xf]Og, hgfb]zsf] kfngf u/ ;+ljwfg gcfpg] lglZrt ag]kl5
cfz+sf tLj|¿kdf a9]sf] xf] .
rfxg] ax';V+ os hgtfnfO{ g]tT[ jljxLg
/ lbzfljxLg agfP/ k'/fg} ;Qf sfod
Pdfn]n] klg Pp6f k|ultzLn kIfn]
dfGg'kg]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ ;sf/fTds
km]l/ jftf{sf] csf]{ hfn kmflnof],
Tolta]nfsf] hfn ;"oa{ xfb'/ yfkfdfkm{t\
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] tf]lslbPsf] ;do;Ldf hgtfdf a9]sf] of] cljZjf; / ug]{ cfzo k|i6 ePsf] 5 . b[li6sf]0f /fv]g . pm cfkm}F klg ( dlxgf kmflnof] . Tof] hfn kmfNbf klg sfFu; ]| ,
cfz+sfsf] w/ftndf 6]s/] ;Qf u'dfP/ gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof ;Qfdf x'bF f afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ v's/' L Pdfn]n] hfnsf] 8f]/L ;dft]s} x'g\ .
k"/f x'g nueu #) lbg dfq afFsL 5 . ;/sf/ ;+ljwfg a;]sf d[tfTdx¿ ;nanfpg yfn]sf eP/ k"0f{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f;lxt 3f]if0ffsf] xfGg]n] s'g} xfntdf ;dy{g ug]{ s'/f bf];f| ] jftf{df klg dfcf]jfbn] o'4 /f]Sg
5g\ . pgLx¿ cfˆgf] k'/fg} syg lbg glhlsFb} hfFbf pgLx¿ …;+ljwfg lyPg . g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;xof]u, ToxL Pp6f ;lhnf], ;Dej cfjZos
lgdf{ 0 fk| l t pbf;Lg aGb} uPsf] 5 . a[ x t\ …nf]stGq–u0ftGq g]kfndf kmfKb}g oxfF ;dodf gaGg]Ú 3f]if0ff ug'{ b'ef{Uo xf] . ;dy{g / ;+nUgtfdf x'g] ;+3if{n] dfq} / nf]stflGqs ljlw ;+ljwfg;efsf]
zflGt;Demf}tfljk/Ltsf xs{tx¿ ug{ ;/sf/ sDd/ s;]/ t /fhfafx]s c?n] b]z rnfpg} ;Sb}gÚ olta]nf ;+ljwfg gaGg] / o;sf] lhDd]jf/ /fi6« k/flwgtfaf6 d' Q m x' g ] , r'gfjsf] k|:tfj ;/sf/;Fu / /fhgLlt
bf]xf]¥of/x]sf 5g\ . olta]n} pgLx¿ lxGb' dfcf]jfbL ePsf] xNnf dRrfO/x]sf 5g\ . /fhtGqsf] cGTo x'g,] hghLljsfsf] kf6L{ sfFu; ]| –Pdfn];uF dfu / 5nkmn
nfu]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf gofF ;+ljwfg jf ;d'bfosf] xsclwsf/sf ;'lglZrt ;+ljwfg aGg afws dfcf]jfbL ePsf] Uof/]G6L ug]{ ;Qf :yfkgf x'g] 7x/ ub}{ u¥of] . bf];f| ] jftf{df klg sfFu; ] –Pdfn]
k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] sl/a–sl/a kSsfkSsL ePsf] 5 eg] x' g glbg lxhf] s f slyt pRr e|d kf/]/ cfˆgf] /fhf;lxtsf] …ldlnh'nL hgo'4sf] yfngL eof] . s] oL ljifon] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfudf 6;d; glhs
hfltx¿sf] ;+u7g lgdf{0f u/]/ eGb}5g\– hfpF, afF9Lr'F8L vfpFÚ sf] gLltsf] ;+ljwfg aGg glbg] sf] xf] eGg] cfPgg\, pN6f] /fhf / ;]gfafx]ssf]
ljutdf bz jif]{ hgo'4 ef]us ] f g]kfnL hgtfn] k'gM To:t} æva/bf/ xfd|f] clwsf/ s6f}tL gxf];,\ k'g:yf{kgf ub}5 { g\ . pgLx¿ olta]nf ;f]lw/xg'k5{ / < kb}g{ , ;+ljwfg aGg ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf ;xdlt x'g
k|sl[ tsf] csf]{ åGå ef]Ug'kg]{ ;Defjgf lbgk|ltlbg a9\b} xfdLn] vfO{kfO{ cfPsf] ;'ljwf / k|of]u s'g ljifo, s'g jfSo k|of]u u/] e|d glbg] t sfFu; ]| / Pdfn] g} x'g\ . ;lsg] r'6l\ snf ;'gfP . Tolta]nf klg
ub}{ cfPsf] clwsf/ s6f}tL ul/g' x'bF g} , 5g{ ;lsG5, ToxL vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . bf];f| ] s'/f, o'4 yfngLsf] cf7 Tof] dfu k"/f u/]sf] eP yk /Qmkft
uPsf] 5 . ;/sf/ zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0feGbf cfˆgf] cGoyf xltof/ p7\5 .Æ Oltxf;sf] of] cfˆgf] leqL nIo n'sfP/ ;+ljwfg jif{kl5 hgo'4 tLj|Q/ ljsf; eP/ x'g] lyPg . ToxL d'2fn] k'gM b]z o'4df
;Qfsf] cfo' nDAofpgd} Jo:t 5 . ljb]zL k|ex' ¿sf] u'nfdL kZrufdL wf/f;Fu hf]l8P/ sDo'lg:6 ;dodf aGb}g eg]/ Dofb yKg'k5{ eGg' cfof] / k'gM z]/axfb'/s} ;/sf/sf] uof] . o;n] emg\ 5n{Ë kf¥of] ls
eGg]x¿ klg s/fpFb5} g\, …;+3Lotfdf hfg} pgLx¿sf] k|ltudgsf] tof/Lsf] ;do kfnfdf jftf{sf] k|:tfj cfof] . klxnf] pgLx¿ olta]nf ;+ljwfg agfpg]eGbf
ub}{ b]zL k|ltlqmof / k|ltqmflGtsf/L zlQm;Fu sfFwdf sfFw x'Gg b]z 6'lqmG5 .Ú k~rfot, b/af/ / yKg' dfq xf] . pgLx¿ hgtfn] vf]hs ] f] jftf{ / o'4lj/fd @)%* dfcf]jfbLn] klg k5fl8 kmls{g rfx5g\ .
/fhfsf] kIfaf6 qmflGt, qmflGtsf/L / ;+ljwfg n]Vgsf] nflu xf]Og . yfngLsf] a]nf k|:tfljt ul/Psf zg}–zg} 1fg]Gb|nfO{ k"0f{ ;Qfsf]
ldnfpFb} ;/sf/ zflGtk|lqmof cj?4 kfg{ nfluk/]sf] 5 . k|ultsf] lj?4 jsfnt ub}{ cfPsf] of] ;lDemg] Ifdtf sdhf]/ ePsf] 5}g d'2fsf] nflu u0ftGq / ;+ljwfg;ef nf]en] bnx¿ -;+;b\jfbL_ nfO{ wf]sf /
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf k/flhtx¿sf] e'm08 cfˆgf] ;d"x sDo'lg:6 lj/f]wL jlsnsf] eg] sfFu|];–Pdfn]nufotsf k'/fgf r'gfjdf cf]ln{P/ k|:tfj /fVof] ls ljZjf;3ft ub}{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf v8f
nfO;]G;sf] nflu nl8/x]sf] 5 . kf6L{x¿n] /fd|/L x]//] eGg'k5{ æs] u0ftGq / cGo d' 2 fsf] nflu x'g} rkfOlbP/ sfFu; ] –Pdfn]sf] ljrNnL
k/fhosf] kL8f g]kfnL hgtfdfly yf]kg{ pBt ePsf csf]l{ t/ ;a} s'/f ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg aGg glbg] dfcf]jfbL xf] <Æ ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ xn ug'k{ g]{ dfu eof] . aGbL, cfTd;dk{0f / efubf}8sf]
5g\ . oL k/flhtx¿sf] e'm08 cyf{t\ jt{dfg ;/sf/;Fu x'g] lg0f{oaf6} g]kfnnfO{ 8f]¥ofpg] pgLx¿sf] if8\oGqn] el/Psf] b'uG{ wsf] /fVof] . Pp6f ;z:q ;+3if{sf] ljlwaf6 l:yltdf /x]sf sfFu; ]| –Pdfn]sf g]tfx¿
k|lta4tf;lxt /fhtGqsf lj?4 kf]sf] b]v/] hgtf gfs y'Gb}5g\ / qmflGtdf xf]ldPsf] zlQmn] hgdtsf] g'g nfu]sf s'v/' f e}mF eP . 1fg]Gb| hf];uF
zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf nflu g s'g} :ki6 vfsf 5 g s'g} Psl9Ssf eP/ ;+oQ ' m ;+3if{ 5]8/] xf:b}5g\ . hgtf k|:6 5g\, ;ljwfg sb/ ug]h { :tf] nrstf s] x'G5 < zfxL gfdsf] ;]gf 5, 6Ss/ u/]/ cfˆgf]
:ki6 c8fg g} . ljb]zL k|ex' ¿sf] Ozf/fdf gfRg] of] e'm08nfO{ ;kmnf xfl;n u/]sf P= dfcf]jfbL, aGg glbg] Pdfn]–sfFu|]; g} x'g\ . ckzf]r M cfk"mnfO{ hgdtsf kIfw/, ;Qf kmsf{pg c? s'g} pkfo gePsf],
sfFu|];, Pdfn]nufotsf bnx¿sf] lsgeg] ;+ljwfg h:tf] k|hftflGqs k|hftGqsf lxdfotL eGg] sfFu; ]| – dfcf]jfbLnfO{ bdg ug{ 7"nf7"nf
/fi6«, /fli6«otf, zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] s'g} lrGtf / rf;f] aLrdf ;DaGw olta]nf r's xfn]sf] ljlwsf] dfu ug]{ dfcf]jfbL xf] . gofF Pdfn]n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;dy{g gug]{ cleofg rnfPsf]n] pm;Fu glhs cfpg
5}g . rf;f] 5 t s]jn cfˆgf k|ex' ¿nfO{ v';L t'Nofpg / b"wh:tf] ag]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg aGg] hgjfbL u0ftGq cyjf /fli6« o dfq geP/ hd]/ lj/f]w ub}{ 1fg]Gb|sf] klg nfh nfUof] . t}klg cGo pkfo
s'/fsf] l9nfO{ / clglZrttfsf] bf]if :jfwLgtf;lxtsf] u0ftGqsf] gf/f tn'jf rf6\g k'u] . dfcf]jfbL dfusf] b]vk] l5 dfcf]jfbLsf] dfudf ;xdlt
pgLx¿sf] cfzLjf{baf6 cfˆgf] ;Qfsf] cfo' nDAofpFb} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lbP/ cfˆgf] t'R5 :jfy{ cufl8 ;fg]{ dfcf]jfbL -tTsfnLg ;+oQ' m ;Daf]wg ug's { f] pN6f] if8\oGqk"0f{ 9Ën] x'gs' f] ljsNk gb]v/] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
k"/f ug{ b]zdf uTofj/f]w l;h{gf hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf tkm{af6_ g} xf] . ;]gf kl/rfngsf] tof/L ug'n { ] jftf{ r'gfjsf] d'2fdf ;xdlt ePsf x'g\ .
eQfsf] :jfb rfVg'df g} ;Lldt b]lvG5 . ub}5{ g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ ;+ljwfg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ glbg] / gofF efFl8of] / b]z k'gM o'4df k'Uof] . ToxL o;af6 k|:6 x'G5 s/sfkn] / afWotf]
ljutdf b; jif{ hgo'4 n8]sf] PsLs[t g]skf gaGg' s f] sf/0f dfcf] j fbL xf] . ;+ljwfg agfpg] p2]Zo g} gePsf sf]– ;fn d+l;/ !! ut] Pdfn]sf] ;dy{gdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] lj/f]wLsf] dfu pgLx¿n]
pgLx¿sf cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLn] ;]gf sf] x'g,\ eGg] s'/fx¿ lgDg 36gfqmdn] b]pjf ;/sf/n] ;+s6sfn nfu" u/L k"/f u5{g\ eGg' d"vt{ f x'G5 . o; sf/0f
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ shfP/ zflGt / ;+ljwfgdfly gh/cGbfh lj36g u/]/ jfOl;Pn rnfO{ /fVof], k'li6 u5{ . klxnf] t dfcf]jfbL ;]gf kl/rfng u¥of] . ;]gf kl/rfngsf] sfFu; ]| –Pdfn] g} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] k/flht e'm08sf] ;f]rfO xf] eg] o;n] ;}Go -v's/' L_ tflnd u/fpF5, 3/hUuf hgo'4sf] p7fg\sf] ljifosf] cWoog b'O{ jif{;Dd klg hgo'4 ;dfKt x'gs ' f] lj/f]wL ePsf]n] pgLx¿af6 ;do dfq
lkmtf{ u/]g / ljutsf ;xdlt kfng ug'k{ 5{ . To;df k|:6 5 ls g]kfndf ljk/Lt emg\ zlQmzfnL eP/ cfof] . xf]Og, s';dodf Tof] aGb}g egL a'‰bf
b]zdf k'gM åGå lgDTofpg] kSsf 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;Qf u/]g . pgLx¿sf] ljifosf] ;f/df j} b ] l zs x:tIf] k 5, /fhtGqsf] of] k/fhon] Pdfn]–sfFu; ]| sf] ;Qf / 7Ls xf]nf .

dfOkf]v/L ;+/If0fsf] lrGtf / rf;f]

sAhf ug{ vf]Hof] eGg] cf/f]k nufpFb} cfkm}F ;QfsAhf
ul//xg] of] k/flht e'm08sf] rlt{snf g]kfnL hgtfn]
a'lem;s]sf 5g\ . t;y{, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgaf6 k|fKt
dËnaf/] . dfOkf]v/L /fd;f/ If]qdf s;/L / s;n] ug{d] f lrlGtt ePsf sf]zL6Kk', /f/f tfn, kmf]S;'G8f] tfn, g]tfsf nflu dfOkf]v/L efif0f ug{]
hgfb]zsf] sb/ ub}{ /fli6«o ;/sf/ u7g u/L ;xdlt / ;"rLs[t ePsf] va/n] bË ePsf sdn x'g\ . dfOkf]v/Lsf] ljsf;sf nflu /sd hubLzk'/ hne08f/, 3f]8f3f]8L tfn, ljifo ag]sf] 5 . sltko lhNnfjf;L
;xsfo{af6 cl3 a9\fF} o;df g} b]z, hgtf ;a} /fhg}lts d'lvof clxn] lvGg 5g\ . h}ljs g5'l§g' Onfdsf nflu dfq xf]Og b]zs} uf];fOs'08 / cf;kf;sf tfnx¿, /fd;f/ If]q 3f]if0ff ePkl5 ljZj
ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{dfOkf]v/L /fd;f/ If]q nflu b'ef{Uok"0f{ePsf] h}ljs ljljwtfdf sf]zL6Kk', uf]Sof]nufot gf}j6f l;d;f/ hutn] g} dfOkf] v /Lsf] ljsf;
bn / ;Qf;Lg k/flht e'm08;d]tsf] nflu lxts/ 5, 3f]if0ffkl5 ;+/If0fdf ;/sf/n] rf;f] lbg] rf;f] /fVg] lji0f' sfˆn] atfpg'xG' 5 . If]qdWo] dfOkf]v/L gjf} /fd;f/ If]q ul/lbG5 eGg]df 5g\ . lhNnfdf cfPsf]
cGoyf ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bn PsLs[t g]skf pgsf] ljZjf; lyof] . t/, /fd;f/ If]q lhNnfsf] ko{g ljsf;sf nflu cfly{s xf] . dxf;lGwsf] ;b:otfkl5 cfˆgf] ljsf; ah]6;d]t dfOkf]v/Lsf nflu
3f]if0ff ePsf] 8]9 jif{ lalt;Sbf klg jif{ @)^% )^^ df ?= %) nfv d' n ' s sf] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu 5'§Øfpg ;/f]sf/jfnfn] sGh'of{OF ub}{
dfcf]jfbLsf] cfXjfgdf hgtfsf] e]n ;8sdf pqg] 5 / ;/sf/L kIfaf6 rf;f] glbFbf d'lvof 5'§ØfOPsf] lyof] . /fd;f/df ;"rLs[t l;d;f/h:tf ;|ft] x¿sf] oyf;Dej cfPsf] dfOkf]v/L wfld{s jgsf cWoIf
oL tdfd k/flht e'm08x¿sf] gfdf]lg;fg d]6fpg]5 . dfq} xf]Og h}ljs ljljlwtf dfl;g] ePsf] !( dlxgf k'/f x'bF f dfOkf]v/L pkof]usf nflu j}wflgs Joj:yf ug{ k"0f{ d'lvof atfpg'xG' 5 . ToxfF /x]sf
To;}n] ljb]zL k|ex' ¿sf] xf]Og, g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfb]zsf] lrGtfn] dfOkf]v/Ljf;LnfO{ ;tfPsf] 5 . hfg] Jojl:yt ;8s lgdf{0f aGg ;s]sf] d2t k'Ub5 . /fd;f/ ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t b' n { e tyf /} y fg] hLjhGt' /
dfOkf]v/L /fd;f/ dxf;lGwsf] ;+/If0f 5}g . dfOkf]v/L k'Ug] ko{6ssf nflu l;d;f/n] ljZjJofkL k|rf/ kfpg] af]6lj?jfsf] ;d]t ;+/If0f gx'bF f nf]k
kfngf u/f},F o;}df ;a}sf] lxt 5 . ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ePsf] dËnaf/ !( oftfoft / a:gsf nflu Jojl:yt xf]6n ePsfn] ltgsf] ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]usf x'g] lrGtfn] ;tfPsf] 5 . h}ljs
dlxgf k'/f ePsf] 5 . ;+/If0fsf] ;"rLdf 5}gg\ . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt !( cj;/x¿ v' N b5g\ . o;n] ljljwtf tyf wfld{s b[li6sf]0fn]
cfGbf]ng lx+;fTds agfpg lelhnfGt] kl/rfng
;fu/ kGt kfpg] clwsf/dfly wfjf af] N b}
;"rLs[t eP klg dfOkf]v/L !(
dlxgfcl3 h:tf] lyof] clxn] To:t} 5 .
dlxgfkl5 ;+/If0f / ljsf;sf nflu
lgb{l] zsf agfpg] tof/Ldf 5 . lgb{l] zsf
l;d;f/;DaGwL kl5Nnf hfgsf/L /
;"rgf;d]t k|bfg ub{5 . l;d;f/sf]
dxTjk"0f{ dflgPsf] dfOkf]v/L g]kfndf
dfq xf]Og ljZjdf g} kl/lrt 5 .
;g\ @))* cS6f]a/ @* df blIf0f kl5 :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/Lsf] ;+/If0f tyf pkof]usf nflu /fd;f/ ko{6sx¿sf nflu d'Vo cfsif{0f s]Gb|
sf7df8f} F . Pdfn] g] t [ T jsf] xltof/sf] andf ;Qf l6sfO/fVg]
jt{dfg ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLn] cfufdL b'ik|of;df nfu]sf] 5 . hghgsf] sf]l/ofsf] rfËjfËdf ;DkGg !) ;+of]hsTjdf ;+/If0f ;ldlt aGg] :yfgLo ;lGw ;lrjfnodf sfo{t lj1x¿sf] dfOkf]v/LnfO{ h}ljs ljljwtfsf nflu
!* ut] b ] l v ug] { zflGtk" 0 f{ ljdlt /x]sf] jt{dfg lvr8L ;/sf/n] …/fd;f/ dxf;lGwsf] a} 7 sn] ljsf; clwsf/L e" k /fh /fO{ n ] ;]jf lng ;/n x'G5 . l;d;f/n] h}ljs clt ;+ j ] b gzLn If] q sf ¿kdf
cfGbf] n gnfO{ lx+ ; fTds agfpg hgtfdfly ug]{ bdgn] cfGbf]ng emg\ dfOkf]v/LnfO{ ljZj ;+/If0f ;"rLdf atfpg'eof] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ljljwtfsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ / xfjfdf lrlgG5 . dfOkf]v/Ldf kfOg] un}r]
zfxLsfnLg s' z ntf b] v fpF b } prfOdf k'Ug] ljZn]ifsx¿sf] 7x/ 5 . ;"rLs[t u/]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/n] cfly{s ah]6n] gk'Ug] ePsfn] :yfgLo ljsf; ePsf] sfj{8fOcS;fO8 zf]if0f ug{;Sg] ‰ofp ljZjsf cGo b]zdf kfOFbg} .
lelhnfGt] k|of]u ug]{ ePsf] 5 . 1fg]Gb|s} lsQfdf hfg cft'/ Pdfn], jif{ @)^^ )^& sf nflu Onfdsf] dGqfnodf ljz]if ah]6 dfu ul/Psf] j}1flgsx¿sf] bfaL 5 . …/fd;f/Ú s] tLg ;oeGbf a9L k|hfltsf r/fx¿,
zflGt / hg;+ l jwfg lgdf{ 0 fsf] sfF u | ] ; x¿ hgtfåf/f ;~rflnt ljsf;df cl3Nnf t'ngfdf ?= !( s/f]8 /fO{n] atfpg'eof] . lhNnf k|fljlws xf] eGg] g} :k:6 gx'bF f ljsf; / ah]6sf] !^ k|hfltsf ;'gfv/L, u'/fF;, ^@
k|lqmofnfO{ lgisif{df k'¥ofpgsf] nflu cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;}Go andf bafP/ #) nfv ## xhf/ ^)) a9L ah]6 sfof{nosf k|d'v efg'eSt a/fn cf]em]ndf g} kgf{n] cWof/f]df cfFvf k|hfltsf h8La"6L, tLg k|hfltsf
hgbafa lbg] p2]Zon] ug{ nfluPsf] lx+;fTds agfpg] if8\oGqdf nfu]sf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . t/, nf]kf]Gd'v kf]v/L glhssf] af6f]sf ;+/If0fdf c;/ lrDng' ;fljt ePsf] ko{6g ljsf; /}yfg] df5f, 5 k|hfltsf peor/,
pQm hgk|bz{gdf ;/sf/n] an k|of]u 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] zflGt / ;+ljwfg h}ljs ljljwtfsf] wgL ePsf] dfOkf]v/L kg{] ePsfn] ;8s l8lehgnfO{ csf]{ ;ldlt Onfdsf ;b:o wd{ uf}tdn] !@ k|hfltsf ;k{ / !$ k|hfltsf
u/L lx+;fTds agfpg nfu]sf] xf] . lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ k"0f{tf lbgs} nflu ;+/If0fsf nflu km'6s ] f] sf}8L 5'l§Pg :yfgaf6 ;8ssf] ;j]{ ug{ kqfrf/ atfpg'eof] . /fd;f/ dxf;lGwsf] :tgwf/L k|f0fL kfOG5g\ . b'O{ xhf/
o;sf] nflu ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] ljzfn hgk|bz{g ug]{ hgfO/x]sf] a]nf eGg'xG' 5 d'lvof . lhNnfsf] k|zf;lgs u/]sf] atfpg'xG' 5 . a/fn eGg'xG' 5– cGt//fli6«o dxTjsf vf;u/L kfgLdf !@! ld6/sf] prfO / () x]S6/
dftxtsf ;Dk"0f{ ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ ;/sf/ lx+;fTds agfpg] dfgl;stfdf vr{sf6]/ 7"nf] /sd ljsf;df vlr{g' utjif{ dfOkf]v/Lsf] ljsf;sf nflu /Dg] kGIfLsf] jf;:yfg ePsf If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] dfOkf]v/Lsf] b'O{
xfOcn6{df /xg o;cl3 g} lgb]{zg cufl8 a9\g' hglj/f]wL xs{t ePsf]
lbPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] ;QfsAhf ug{ hfgsf/x¿sf] 7DofO/x]sf] 5 . zflGtk"0f{ / k"jL{ kxf8sf] klxnf] /fd;f/ If]q ko{6g ljsf; sf]ifaf6 ?= @% xhf/ l;d;f/x¿sf] ;+/If0f;DaGwL sfd ug{ x]S6/ hnf;o;lxt !@ x]S6/ If]qnfO{
nfu]sf] k|rf/ ub}{ cfk"m ;Qfdf ln;f] hgk|bz{gnfO{ of] of Tof] dfg]df bafpg] ;+/If0fsf nflu clxn];Dd rf;f] glbgfn]] k|bfg ul/of] t/, Tof] s] sfddf vr{ u7g ePsf] xf] . /fd;f/sf] dfGotf h} l js ljljwtfsf b[ l i6n] clt
6fFl;Pem}F 6fFl;O/xg] s7\kt' nL ;/sf/ s'ri] 6f ug'{ ;/sf/s} nflu xflgsf/s :yfgLojf;L lrlGtt 5g\ . eof] yfxf 5}g . ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf o:tf] eP klg /fd;f/ If]q 3f]if0ff ;+jb] gzLn 5 . kf]v/Lsf j/k/ @!
hgtfsf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ug{ x'g] pgLx¿sf] a'emfO{ 5 . :yf{gLojf;Lsf nflu dfOkf]v/Lsf] ljsf; /fd;f/sf ¿kdf /x]sf dfOkf]v/L, eof] eg]/ ljleGg bnsf sltko j6f ;Ld;f/ If]q /x]sf 5g\ .
@)^& ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ3

h]7 !$ leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ePg

eg] s] ug]{ eGg] s'/f g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
klg xf]Og, hg;]gfsf] klg xf]Og
zflGtk|lqmoflj?4sf] xs{tsf] ¿kdf gofF ;}Go egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 cfPsf] 5 . of] gofF ljifo
geP/ zflGtk|lqmof pNn+3gsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] ¿kdf ;]gfn] cufl8 NofPsf] xf] h:tf] dnfO{{ nfU5 .
cWoIf k|r08sf] g]tT[ jdf dfq ;]gf ;dfof]hg, ;+ljwfg n]vg tyf /fi6«kltn] rfn]sf]
sbdsf] xn x'G5 . of]eGbf csf]{ ljsNksf] ¿kdf xfdLn] ;f]rs ] f 5}gf}F .
hg;]gfdf gof“ egf{ s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg]af/] ;f]lr/x]sf 5f}“ .
g]kfnL ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqss/0f ub}{ cufl8 a9f}+ eGg] k|:tfj
xfdLn] /fv]sf 5f}+ . ;/sf/ To;sf] nflu tof/ x'gk ' ¥of] .
;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL | fz vgfn ‘anb]j’, k|jQmf– hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn
rGb|ks
) tkfO{+ hg;]gfsf] k|jQmf klg To;f] xf] eg] b'j} ;]gfdf egf{ k|lqmof s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] a f/] ljifodf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] lg0f{o eg]sf xf}F . ;/sf/ kl/jt{g nflu x'G5, gq x'bF g} . xfdLn] :ki6¿kdf
x'gx' G' 5, ;/sf/n] t gofF ;}Go v'Nnf u/f}F g t . zflGt;Demf}tf b'Oj{ 6f ;f]lr/x]sf 5f}F . lng'k5{ . /fhgLlts txdf ;xdlt hgljb|fx] g} d'Vo Ph]G8f xf] . /fhgLlts¿kdf hfg rfxg]x¿sf] nflu
egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fof] lg zlQmx¿aLrdf ePsf] xf] . g]kfnL ) k| w fg;] g fkltn] b] z sf] ePg eg] ;]gfn] g]kfndf s]xL ug{ ) tkfO{ + x ¿n] ;/sf/sf] nflu hfg lbpF / afFsL /x]sf hg;]gfnfO{
o; ljifodf s] eGg'x'G5 < ;]gfnfO{ dfq PstkmL{ ¿kdf gofF ;}Go /fhgLlts cj:yfnfO{ ;Sb}g . dfwj g]kfn jf /fi6«kltn] s'g} hgljb| f ] x eGg' e of] . t/, g]kfnsf] gofF df]8fln6Ldf ;dfof]hg u/f}F
ljutdf em}F o; k6s klg ;]gfn] egf{ vf]Ng] clwsf/ 5}g . To;f] xf] eg] dWogh/ ub}{ ;]gfnfO{ Pn6{ xs{t u5{g\ / cGo s] x'G5 clxNo} Tof] ;/sf/ kIfn] t ;QfsAhfs} eGb} cfPsf 5f}F . g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
zfltk|lqmofsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gfn] klg vfnL /x]sf] kbdf /xg lgb]{zg lbPsf 5g\, o; eGg ;lsGg . cGTo;Dd ;xdltsf] nflu hgljb| f ] x eg] s f] eGg] nf]stflGqss/0f ub}{ cufl8 a9f}F eGg]
zflGtk|lqmof ;'? ePkl5 rf}yf] k6s egf{sf] nflu v'nf u/fpg'k5{ . ljifonfO{ hg;] g fn] s;/L nflu k|of; ug'{ g} plrt x'G5 . cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 lg < k|:tfj xfdLn] /fv]sf 5f}F . ;/sf/
cfXjfg ul/Psf] gofF ;Go egf{ if8\oGqsf] zflGt;Demf}tf Pp6f kIfnfO{ dfq nfU5 x]/]sf] 5 < ) eg] k l5 dfcf] j fbL cem} klg ;QfsAhf t ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf] To;sf] nflu tof/ x'gk' ¥of] .
¿kdf cfPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts eGg] 5}g, b'j} kIfn] o;sf] kfngf olb ;]gfn] cfGtl/s dfldnfnfO{ tf]lsPs} ldltdf gofF ;+ljwfg nIo xf] . cfk"mrflxF ;Qf sAhf u/]/ ) ;]gf ;dfof]hg ;+ljwfg cl3
bnx¿nfO{ ;]gfn] lbPsf] bafa jf ug'k{ 5{ . k|wfg ljifo agfP/ xfO Pn6{ u/]sf] hf/L ug'k{ 5{ eg]/ nfu]sf] xf] < al;/xg] clg c?nfO{ ;QfsAhf ug{ x'G5 ls kl5 <
/fhgLlts bnsf] pS;fx6df ;]gfn] of] ) eg] k l5 ca tkfO{ + x ¿ klg xf] eg] of] d'n'sdf csf]{ ;]gf / xfdL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Dofb yKg] vf]Hof] eGb} lxF8g\ ldNb}g . clxn] ;]gf ;dfof]hg / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
egf{k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] xf] . hgd' l Qm ;] g fdf gofF egf{ aGb's klg 5 eGg] s'/f s;}n] kIfdf 5}gf}F . of] ;/sf/n] ;dod} ;+ljwfg zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf xfdL xfd|f] cfGbf]ng k|lqmof ;Fu;Fu} cufl8 a9\5 . gofF
zflGtk|lqmoflj?4sf] xs{tsf] ¿kdf gofF vf]Ng'x'G5, xf]Og < ge'Nbf x'G5 . To;sf/0f ;]gf Pn6{ hf/L ug{ g;Sg] xf] eg] s';L{ 5f]8l\ bP cufl8 a9fpF5f}F . ;/sf/n] bdg u¥of] ;+ljwfgdf ;]gfaf/] ;'lglZrt geO{
;}Go egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 cfPsf] 5 . xfd|f] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;+Vof sl/a /xg'sf] s'g} t's 5}g . x'G5, xf]Og eg] h]7 !$ d} ;+ljwfg eg] xfdL ToxL¿kdf cufl8 a9\5f}F . ;dfof]hg ;Dej 5}g . gofF ;+ljwfgdf
of] gofF ljifo geP/ zflGtk|lqmof !( xhf/ kfFr ;o 5 . c? afFsL 5 ) ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] clGtd ldlt hf/L ug'k{ ¥of] . ) km] l / hg;] g ftkm{ g} nfuf} F , ;}Go lgodfjnL gofF ;]gfsf] ;+/rgf /
pNn+3gsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] ¿kdf ;]gfn] ;o rf/dWo] s]xL vfnL ePsf] 5 . cfpg ca sl/a Ps dlxgf ) k|wfgdGqL dfws'df/ g]kfnn] tkfO{x+ ¿n] ;dfof]hg ug{ rfx]sf] /fHosf] k'g;{/+ rgf;Fu} h] pNn]v x'G5,
cufl8 NofPsf] xf]h:tf] dnfO{{ nfU5 . vfnL /x]sf] kbk"lt{ ug{ kfpg' xfd|f] dfq afF s L /x] s f] cj:yfdf d k|wfgdGqL kb 5f]8g\ tof/ hg;]gfsf] ;+Vof slt xf] < ToxLcg';f/ ;]gf ;dfof]hg x'G5 .
) gofF ;} G o egf{ k| l qmofdf clwsf/ xf] . ;] g fn] egf{ k| l qmof cufl8 5'F t/ k|r08nfO{ k|wfgdGqL ;/sf/df /x]sf kf6L{x¿n] dfq ) hg;] g fn] ca s] u5{ s' g }
;]gfsf] bf]if 5 ls ;/sf/sf] < ) ;/sf/n] ubf{ tkfO{x+ ¿nfO{ klg a9fpg' Gofof]lrt lyof] t < lbGg eg] s f] s' / f aflx/ ;dfof]hg u/]/ x'g] xf] eg] pgLx¿n] sfo{ o f] h gf 5 <
;/sf/ g} o;sf] d'Vo bf]ifL xf] . yk hg;]gf egf{sf] nflu af6f] hgd'lQm ;]gf zflGtk|lqmofk|lt cfO/x]sf] 5, s] tkfO{+x¿sf] cfˆgf] ;'/df u/] x'G5 . tLg xhf/ clxn] xfd|f] s'g} sfo{qmd 5}g . xfdL
;]gf ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf /xG5 . ;]gfn] v'n]sf] xf] < k"0f{¿kdf k|lta4 5 . g]kfnL ;]gfn] kf6L{leqsf] g]tT[ j klg ;/sf/n] lsg ug]{ Ps} xhf/ u/] klg ef] . t Aof/]sdf al;/x]sf 5f}F . ca x'g]
;/sf/sf] lgb]z { gnfO{ kfngf u/]g eg] af6f] t v'ns] f] xf] . ljutdf xfdLn] h'g ¿kdf zflGtk|lqmof efF8g\ ] u/L gofF 5fGg] xf] < xf] O g, ;] g f ;dfof] h gsf] d' V o cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] g}lts ;dy{g x'G5 .
Tof] ;]gf /fli6«o ;]gf x'g} ;Sb}g . egf{ klg u/]sf xf}F . xfdf] kf6L{leq egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 5, Tof] xfd|f] Ps ;"qLo s'/f cWoIf …k|r08Ú :6sxf]N8/ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ xf] eg] ;+Vof t/, ef}lts pkl:ylt x'bF g} .
) ;]gfn] t zflGt;Demf}tf x'bF fsf] 5nkmn x'bF f xfd|} sf/0fn] zflGtk|lqmof Gofof] l rt 5} g . xfdL clGtd g} k|wfgdGqL x'gk' 5{ eGg] xf] . cWoIf tf]Sg'sf] s'g} t's 5}g . ;a} pGgfO; ) cGTodf s] x L eGg
;+VofnfO{ ga9fpg] u/L g} egf{ eË x'g] eGbf klg ;]gf ljjfb eg]sf] cj:yf;Dd klg zflGtk|lqmofsf] dd{nfO{ k|r08sf] g]tT[ jdf dfq ;]gf ;dfof]hg, xhf/ hg;]gf g} ;dfof]hg ug'k{ 5{, rfxg' x ' G 5 <
k| l qmof cufl8 a9fPsf] xf] , /fhgLlts kf6f] xf] . o;nfO{ 5nkmns} 5f]8g\ ] 5}gf}F . ;+ljwfg n]vg tyf /fi6«kltn] rfn]sf] Pshgf klg 36a9 x'bF g} . d'n's clxn] ulx/f] ;+s6tkm{
;+Vof a9]sf] 5}g, o;df s;}n] k|lqmofaf6 cufl8 a9\gk' 5{ eg]sf xf}F . ) ;/sf/n] t tkfO{ + x ¿nfO{ sbdsf] xn x'G5 . of]eGbf csf]{ ) ;dfof]hgrflxF slxn];Dd x'G5 ws]lnFb5 } . To;}n] ;a} /fhgLlts
cfklQ hgfpg'kb}{g eg]sf] 5 t/, clxn] To:tf] cj:yf 5}g . ljleGg 7fpF d f ;} G o tflnd ljsNksf] ¿kdf xfdLn] ;f]rs ] f 5}gf}F . t < bnx¿n] gofF ;xdltsf] cfwf/df gofF
lg < To;sf/0f ca hg;]gfdf gofF egf{ ub} { x' g ' x ' G 5 eGg] cf/f] k c?n] tf]s/] x'g] s'/f xf]Og . b'j} kIfsf] s'/f ldNof] eg] l5§} lgsf;tkm{ hfg'kb{5 eGg rfxG5' .
nufPsf] 5 lg, s] of] ;To ) tkfO{ + x ¿sf] g] t [ T jdf ;/sf/
xf] < aGof] eg] ;dod} ;+ljwfg hf/L
cfufdL !* ut]sf] hgk|bz{gnfO{ pT;u{df n}hfg] xfdLn]
To;f] xf] eg] b'j} ;]gfdf egf{ k|lqmof v'Nnf u/f}“ g t . o;cl3 g} atfO;s]sf 5f}.F hgk|bz{gsf] qmddf k|x/L
;}Go tflnd t rln/x]s} 5 . Tof] x'G5 <
zflGt;Demf}tf b'O{j6f zlQmx¿aLrdf ePsf] xf] . g]kfnL k|lqmof t lxhf] klg /f]lsPg, ef]ln klg oxL tf]lsPs} ldltdf ;+ljwfg hf/L k|zf;gn] an k|of]u u¥of] eg] hgtfsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu
;]gfnfO{ dfq PstkmL{ ¿kdf gof“ ;}Go egf{ vf]Ng] clwsf/ /f]lsFbg} . hxfF;Dd aflx/ s]xL ;}Go x'g ;xdlt h?/L x'G5 . xfd|f] g]tT[ jdf
tflnd eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f aflx/ ;/sf/ ag] klg ;xdlt rflxG5 . cem} jfOl;Pnn] k|lt/Iff u5{ . To;sf] nflu ;fdfGo zf/Ll/s
5}g . To;f] xf] eg] hgd'lQm ;]gfn] klg vfnL /x]sf] kbdf
egf{sf] nflu v'nf u/fpg'k5{ . zflGt;Demf}tf Pp6f kIfnfO{
cfPsf] 5, Tof] ;fdfGo …cfTd/IffÚ, klg afFsL lbg /fd|f; ] uF nfUg] xf] eg] tflnd lng'k5{ Tof] s'g} gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og .
k|lt/Iffsf tflnd xf] . hg;]gfsf ;+ljwfg h]7 !$ leq} hf/L ug{ ;lsg]
dfq nfU5 eGg] 5}g, b'j} kIfn] o;sf] kfngf ug'{k5{ . SofDkleq ;a} k|sf/sf xltof/sf ;Defjgf cem} 5 .
tflndx¿ eO/xG5 . ) ca ;/sf/sf] g] t [ T j hgd'lQm ;]gf zflGtk|lqmofk|lt k"0f{¿kdf k|lta4 5 .
olb ;]gfn] cfGtl/s dfldnfnfO{ k|wfg ljifo agfP/ ) hg;]gfnfO{ dha't agfpg / tkfO{ + x ¿nfO{ lbP/ ;+ l jwfg
clGtd hgljb|f]xsf] yfngLsf] lgdf{ 0 fsf] Dofb ylkof] eg] g]kfnL ;]gfn] h'g ¿kdf zflGtk|lqmof efF8\g] u/L
xfO Pn6{ u/]sf] xf] eg] of] d'ns
' df csf]{ ;]gf / aGb's nflu jfOl;Pnnufot cGo To;sf] bf] i f tkfO{ + x ¿n] gofF egf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 5, Tof] Gofof]lrt
klg 5 eGg] s'/f s;}n] ge'Nbf x'G5 . To;sf/0f ;]gf sfo{ s tf{ n fO{ tflnd lbg lng'kb}{g / < 5}g . xfdL clGtd cj:yf;Dd klg zflGtk|lqmofsf]
Pn6{ /xg'sf] s'g} t's 5}g . yfn] s f] elgG5 lg, of] s' / f ;/sf/ kl/jt{g / ;+ljwfgsf] Dofb
;fFrf] xf] < yKg] b'j} Ph]G8fdf Pp6f ;xdlt sfod dd{nfO{ 5f]8g
\ j] fnf 5}gf}F .
hgcfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf xfdLn] ug'k{ 5{ . o;sf] cnu–cnu kf6f] x'g
;/sf/ kl/jt{g / ;+ljwfgsf] Dofb yKg] b'j} Ph]G8fdf Pp6f cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf 5f}F . ;Sb}g . olb dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf
;xdlt sfod ug'k{ 5{ . o;sf] cnu–cnu kf6f] x'g ;Sb}g . cfufdL !* ut]sf] hgk|bz{gnfO{ ;/sf/ aGg] xf] eg] klg Dofb yksf] xfdLn] clxn] ;/sf/eGbf klg hgljb|fx] nfO{ k|fyldstf
pT;u{df n}hfg] xfdLn] o;cl3 g} ljifodf klxNo} ;xdlt x'gk' 5{ . Ps lbPsf 5f}F . ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf] nflu xfdLn] ljb|fx] eg]sf
olb dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ aGg] xf] eg] klg Dofb atfO;s]sf 5f}F . hgk|bz{gsf] qmddf xKtf afFsL /fv]/ s;}nfO{ ;/sf/ lbP/
yksf] ljifodf klxNo} ;xdlt x'gk' 5{ . Ps xKtf afFsL /fv]/ k|x/L k|zf;gn] an k|of]u u¥of] eg] Ps xKtfleq ;+ljwfg hf/L u/ eg]/ xf}F . ;/sf/ kl/jt{g nflu hgljb|fx] g} d'Vo Ph]G8f xf] .
s;}nfO{ ;/sf/ lbP/ Ps xKtfleq ;+ljwfg hf/L u/ eg]/ t hgtfsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu jfOl;Pnn] t x'bF g} lg . To;sf] nflu ;xdlt x'g'
x'bF g} lg . To;sf] nflu ;xdlt x'g' h?/L 5 . k|lt/Iff u5{ . To;sf] nflu ;fdfGo h?/L 5 .
zf/Ll/s tflnd lng'k5{ Tof] s'g} gf}nf] ) tkfO{x+ ¿ clxn] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ;/sf/df /x]sf kf6L{x¿n] dfq ;dfof]hg u/]/ x'g] xf]
s'/f xf]Og . ug]{ s'/f klg ul//xg'ePsf] 5, eg] pgLx¿n] cfk\mgf] ;'/df u/] x'G5 . tLg xhf/ lsg
;QfsAhf t ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf] nIo xf] . cfk"mrflxF ) h]7 !$ leq ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g ljb| f ] x sf] s' / f klg ;F u ;F u }
;Qf sAhf u/]/ al;/xg] clg c?nfO{ ;QfsAhf ug{ ;s] g eg] hg;] g fn] s:tf] p7fO/xg' e Psf] 5, s] n fO{ ug]{ Ps} xhf/ u/] klg eof] . xf]Og, ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf]
vf]Hof] eGb} lxF8g\ ldNb}g . clxn] zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf xfdL
cleofg cufl8 a9fpF5 < k|fyldstf lbg'x'G5 < d'Vo :6sxf]N8/ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ xf] eg] ;+Vof tf]Sg'sf]
h]7 !$ leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ePg xfdLn] clxn] ;/sf/eGbf klg
xfd|f] cfGbf]ng cufl8 a9fpF5f}F . ;/sf/n] bdg u¥of] eg] eg] s] ug]{ eGg] s'/f g]kfnL ;]gfsf] hgljb|fx] nfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf 5f}F .
s'g} t's 5}g . ;a} pGgfO; xhf/ hg;]gf g} ;dfof]hg
xfdL ToxL¿kdf cufl8 a9\5f}F . klg xf]Og, hg;]gfsf] klg xf]Og . o; ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf] nflu xfdLn] ljb|fx] ug'k{ 5{, Pshgf klg 36a9 x'bF g} .
ˆ4 @)^& ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] cfOtaf/

vf8L, hxf“ g]kfnL r]nLx¿ /f]O/x]5g\ ljlrq ;+;f/

rf]/sf] of] ;fw'kg
vf8Ldf 3/]n' sfdbf/sf] ¿kdf
cfPsf g] k fnL r] n Lsf kL8f /
;' b Lk clwsf/L s]xL ;do klxn] 6]nLlehgaf6 k|;fl/t
Pp6f sfo{qmddf g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ c:6]l« nofsf Pshgf rf]/n] cfkm"n] emG8} rf]/L u/]sf] k;nsf dflns;Fu
a] b gfx¿ 5fkfx¿df lxhf] c fh dRrfpg' lyof], To;}n] o'jfsf] cyfx jif{el/df cfwfeGbf a9L dlxgf vf8Ldf sfd ug{hfg] pWo]Zo;lxt kqdfkm{t\ Ifdf dfUb} ;fydf %) 8n/ k7fPsf 5g\ . o; jif{sf] d] dlxgfdf
nuftf/ cfpg] qmd hf/L 5 . clxn] ;fu/nfO{ yfDg g;Sg] b]v]kl5 / Psbd} udL{ x' g ] x' g fn] oxfF s f s;/L /fxbfgL agfpg dl/xQ] k;ndf rf]gn { fUbf df]xDdb ;f]xn ] n] rf]/nfO{ ;dft]sf lyP . rf]/n] cfkm"
afWotfdf k/]sfn] rf]gn { fu]sf] df]xDdbnfO{ atfP . 3/df vfgf gePsf],
o;/L XjfQ} ltgLx¿sf] b]z lkmtL{sf b]zdf cf}lwuLs/0f s5'jfsf] eGbf dflg;x¿sf lbgx¿ aflx/sf] v'Nnf ul//x]sf 5g t/ pgLx¿dWo] w]/n } fO{ 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ v'jfpg] s]xL gePsf] rf]/n] atfPsfn] df]xDdbn] rf]/nfO{ $)
va/x¿ a9]sf eP klg b'Mv kfpg] ;f/} wLdf ult x'bF fsf] cj:yfdf gLlt rxnkxndo xfd|f] b]zsf /Tgkfs{ t vf8L /fi6«df 3/]n' sfdbf/df hfg' 8n/ / /f]6L lbPsf lyP . pgn] tL rf]/nfO{ slxNo} rf]/L gug{ ;t{df 5f]8s ] f
qmd klxn]b]lvg} hf/L lyof] . a? lgdf{tfx¿n] oxL Pp6f af6f] b]v] ls jf afg]Zj/sf] h:tf] b}lgls geP/ ca}w xf] eGg] yfx} gePsf] eGg] lyP . rf]/n] clxn] cfkm"n] sfd kfPsf], gofF ;Gtfg hGdfPsf] klg lr7Ldf
xfdLn] lxhf]cfh lsg o;/L b'Mv, ;s] ; Dd o' j fx¿nfO{ ljb] z lt/} ls t cfˆg} 3/leq} ls eAo–eAo b]vfO{Psf] lyof] . 3/]n' sfdbf/sf] n]vs] f 5g\ . lr7L;Fu} cfPsf] %) 8n/ Rofl/6LnfO{ lbg] df]x] Ddbn] atfP .
kL8fsf va/x¿ XjfQ} a9], To;sf]
n]vfhf]vf gu/L gx'g] a]nf cfPsf]tkm{
eg] ;a} ;r]t x'g} k5{ . yf]/} dfq}
x' T ofpg' k5{ clxn] tL x/
g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cfk"m ljb]lzg'sf] kL8f
slxNo} gx6g] P]h]? alglbPsf] 5 .
;lkËdnx¿df laTg] afWofTds
cj:yfg} xf] . o;/L k| s [ l tsf
/+lula/+uL 56fx¿n] k"/f ;fy glbPsf]
af/]sf] Tof] l/kf]l6ËnfO{ ;/;tL{
cWoog ug{] xf] eg] xfd|f r]nLnfO{
ca}w ¿kdf vf8L k7fOg' b]z b]vL
sfNklgs sd{rf/LnfO{ tna
gofFlbNnL . ef/tsf] lbNnL ;/sf/n] @@ xhf/ cf7 ;o %# sfNklgs
ulxl/P/ x]g{] xf] eg] d"n ¿kdf xfd|f] P;Pn;L / pRr lzIffdf /fd|f] gDa/ b] z sf :yfgLo gful/sx¿sf] ljb]z;Dd 5/ki6 el/Psf g]kfnL sd{rf/LnfO{ tna v'jfO/x]sf] 5 . lbNnLsf d]o/ s+j/ ;]gn] Ps aofgdf
b]zsf] sxflnnfUbf] a]/f]huf/L g} o;/L Nofpg] wgLsf 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿ ljBfyL{ ;fdflhs ;f]r / :jefj klg cnu bnfnx¿s} sf/0fn] xf] eGg] k|li6G5 . sfNklgs sd{rf/LnfO{ tna v'jfpg jflifs{ rf/ s/f]8 #) nfv cd]l/sL
3l6/xg] 36gfsf sf/s tTj x'g\ . eL;fsf] dfWodaf6 a]nfot, cd]l/sf x'g] g} eof] . ToxL ;f]r / wg ha lhNnf k| z f;g sfof{ n odf 8n/ vr{ x'G5 . lbNnL ;/sf/n] afof]dl] 6\/s k|0ffnL nfu" u/]kl5 sfNklgs
tLg s/f]8 k'Ug nflu;s]sf] b]zsf] tfS5g eg] afFsLsf] nfuL sf]/Lof, g]kfnLnufot ljb]zL 3/]n' dlxnf /fxbfgL agfpg hfg] caf]w g]kfnL sd{rf/L ;+Vof ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xf] . /fHosf] sf]ifaf6 k};f lgsfNgsf nflu
hg;+Vofsf] d"nk|jfx, hf] o'jfju{ xf], vf8L / dn]l;ofx¿ cfk}Fm 5'l6G5 . sfdbf/x¿ zf]lift x'gdf lhDd]jf/ gf/LnfO{ /fxbfgLsf] b:t'/ slt nfU5 ;/sf/L clwsf/Ln] of] ;"rL agfPsf] ef/tLo ;~rf/sdL{n] atfPsf 5g\ .
Tof] ps';–d's; ' k"0f{ hLjg afFRg afWo oxfF klg /fd|} ju{laefhg 5 . t/ 5 . oxL dgf]j}1flgs cj:yfsf] eg]/ yfxf ePsf] x'Fb}g ta tLgnfO{ lbNnL gu/ lguddf Ps nfveGbf a9L ;kmfO sd{rf/L, dfnL, cWofks /
5, clxn]sf] gofF g]kfndf. k|To]s jif{ ljb] l zPsf dWo] d f g] k fnL ljZn]if0f gul/ xfdLn] xfd|f ;/n, ef/tsf] af6f] eP/ vf8Lsf] cGsG6f/ cGo sd{rf/L 5g\ . lbNnL gu/ lgudn] utjif{sf] cui6b]lv afof]dl] 6\/s
nfvf}Fsf] ;+Vofdf gjo'jfo'jtLx¿ ;~rf/dfWodn] ;d]t sd cfFsn]/ ;x|boL g]kfnL gf/Lx¿nfO{ o:tf] 3/df x' T ofpg] dfgj bnfnsf] k|0ffnL nfu" u/]sf] xf] . lbNnLsf d]o/ s+j/ ;]gsf cg';f/ lguddf s'n Ps
P;Pn;L kf; u/L pRr lzIffsf] af6f] n]Vg] u/]sf] of] ju{df kg{ dn]l;of, hl6n ;fdflhs cj:yf ePsf kbf{leqsf] v]nsf] uGw ;f] k|;fl/t nfv rf/ xhf/ $! sd{rf/L 5g\ . t/, /]s8{g; ' f/ eg] sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof Ps
;dfTb5g\ ;fy} tLdWo] clwsf+zn] vf8L tyf sf]/Loflt/ sfd ug{ 7fpFsf pGd'St wgL 3/dfnLsx¿sf sfo{qmdaf6 ;lhn} a'‰g ;lsG5 . nfv @& xhf/ ($ 5 . jf:tljs sd{rf/L / /]s8{sf btf{ ul/Psf sd{rf/Ldf
eljiosf] /f]huf/L tyf ckgfpg] sfdbf/sf] /]dL6]G;n] k"/} dfcf]jfbL lghL /fj0f/fh rNg] rf/ lbjf/Lleq ca xfdL ;r]t g]kfnLx¿n] of] k|i6 @@ xhf/ cf7 ;o %# sf] km/s 5 . d]o/ ;]g eG5g, …o; dfdnfdf lj:t[t
hfFr ul/G5 . sd{rf/Lsf] kmhL{ ;"rL agfP/ e|i6frf/ ug{ sd{rf/Llj?4
Joj;fosf] ;kgf klg a' G g hgo'4sfnsf] cy{tGq wflgPsf] eg]/ /f]huf/ ug{ hfp eGg' eg]sf] xfd|f] a'‰g] s'/f xf] ls g]kfnL dlxnfx¿nfO{ sf/afxL x'G5 .Ú lbNnL gu/ lguddf y'k}| sfNklgs sd{rf/L /x]sf] cf/f]k
yfln;s]sf x'G5g\ . t/ xfd|f] b]zsf] v'a /6fg nufOGYof] . a? lxhf]cfh cfˆg} sdhf]/ ;f]rsf] tl:a/ gfªf] sGtlahf]usf] cj:yfdf n}hfg xfd|f nufOsf] lyof] . t/, lgudn] o; cf/f]ksf] ;w}F v08g ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] .
cGtxLg qmflGt / cfGbf] n gsf /f]huf/Lsf] af6f] s'g xf] eg]/ s]xL x'g' xf] . k|sl[ tsf] ;'Gb/tf;Fu nl8a'8L g]kfnL bnfnx¿n] slt vt/gfs v]n
z[v+ nfx¿n] clwsf+z g]kfnL o'jfx¿
s'l07t agfOPsf 5g\ . ;fFRr} eGg]
eGg g;Sg] xfd|f g]kfnL cy{zf:qLx¿
tLg} /ftlbgsf] sdfO{ ;/f;/ g]kfn
ug{gkfpg] oL sd cWoogzLn t/
3/ / uf8Lsf ;f} l vg c/aL
v]ln/x]sf 5g . Tof] v]ndf lhNnf
k|zf;g kl/;/jl/kl/ 3'Dg] bnfndfq}
O{Zj/sf 3/df rf]/L
xf] eg] clxn]sf] b]zsf] kl/j]zdf k7fpg] sfdbf/nfO{ g]kfndf dx+uL dfnLsx¿ oxfF sfd ug{ 3/]n' x}gg plkofFsf] e];df leq} klg unt rr{leq rf]/L ug{ Pshgf dflg;n] dfkmL dfUb} lr7L n]v]sf] 5 .
kvf{ndf n]lvPsf] pSt lr7Ldf p;n] eg]sf] 5, …dnfO{ dfkm u/, O{Zj/ Û d
o'jfsf nflu d'VotM b'Oj{ 6f af6f dfq} a9fP eg]/ kf] ufnL ug{tD;]sf sfdbf/x¿nfO{ cfˆgf] pkof]usf] sfo{sf sf]xL nfu]sf 5g ls eg]/ c;fWo} ul/a 5' . d}n] afWo eP/ rf]/L u/]F .Ú rr{af6 ut ;ftf dfOqmf]kmf]g
k|i6 5g\– of s'g} Ps /fhgLlts b]lvG5g . of] dflysf] k[i6e"dLkl5 ;fwg ;DemG5g . oxL dfgl;stfaf6 a'‰g] sfo{ /fHosf] sfg'g kfngf / Nofk6kh:tf dxFuf ;fdfgx¿ rf]/L ePsf lyP . rf]/n] tfNrf kmf]/]/
kf6L{sf] s§/ sfo{stf{ x'g] of t s'g} ca km]l/ g]kfnL r]nLx¿n] clt b'Mv jfSs eP/ vf8L /fi6«df ;a}eGbf u/fpg] / sfof{Gjog u/fpg] lgsfosf] rr{leq l5/]sf] k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 . cd]l/sL /fHo hlh{ofdf kg]{ On]gp8
klg tl/sfn] ljb] z l5g{ . $^ kfO{/x]sf] 7fpF vf8Llt/} kmsf}{ . s]xL a9L 3/]n' sfdbf/ k7fpg] b]z klg t xf] . gu/sf] o; rr{df ut b'O{ jif{sf rf/k6s rf]/L eO;s]sf] 5 . kfb/L
;fnkl5sf] ax'bn k|flKtkl5 ag]sf ;do klxn] y'k}| g]kfnL dlxnfn] zf]if0f lkmlnlkG;n] clxn] ;se/ ;+ul7t o;/L g]kfnL ;fdflhs d"No / /f]h/ 8]le;n] cfkm"n] klg rf]/nfO{ lr7L n]Vg] atfPsf 5g\ . rf]/nfO{
;/sf/n] klg oxL gLlt lnPsf lyP . vKg g;s]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf elgPsf] ;+:yf jf sDkgLdf sfdbf/nfO{ hfg dfGotfnfO{ xNnfpg] u/L xfd|} g]kfnL rr{df oyfzL3| ;Dks{ ug{ cg'/f]w ub}{ pSt lr7L n]lvg] ePsf] 5 .
k'/fgf /fhgLlts v]nf8Lx¿n] el/Psf]
Toltv] / sf ;/sf/sf >d
dGqLx¿nfO{ ;s];Dd dn]l;of h:tf]
b]z n]jgfg xf] . jf vf8Lsf ;fpbL
c/anufotsf t]naf6 wgL ag]sf
cGo b]z x'g ;a} d?e"dLdf k};fsf]
k|fT] ;fxg ug{yfn]sf] 5 h'g …;fk klg
dg{] n7L klg geflrg]Ú p;sf] pkfo
b]lvG5 . af]Ng / sfd ug{vlKk;
r] n Lx¿sf cft{ g fbx¿ g] k fnL
cfFugdf /ut kf]lvPem} kf]lv+bf o;
b]zsf] k|x/L dfq x}g k|wfgdGqL /
ln+sgsf] lr7L lalqmdf
e"tk"jc
{ d]l/sL /fi6«klt ca|fxd ln+sgn] !%) jif{cl3 Pshgf :s'n]
gofF ;:tf] tna uGtAo v'nfpg v'a andf hah{ : tL v8f ul/Psf lkmnLkLgL dlxnfx¿nfO{ t c/aLsf] ;DdfggLo /fi6«ktLn] klg slt lbg afnsnfO{ n]vs ] f] lr7L lkmnf8]lNkmofdf lalqmdf /flvPsf] 5 . o;sf] df]n
s;/t ug{elgof] / cGttf]uTjf uuGr'DaL dxnx¿n] el/Psf], t/ 3/ e"t3/ aGof] eg] ;t ;/n g]kfnL ca sfgdf t]n xfn]/ al;/xg ldN5 . /flvPsf] 5– ^) xhf/ 8n/ cyf{t g]kfnL ¿k}ofF $% nfv . hh{Kof6g
aUnfb]zL sfdbf/n] k"/} x8k]sf] ;Fw} lqmltd cg'e"t x'g] b]z x'g . dlxnfx¿n] tL dxnx¿df OHhtk"0f b]z ljb]zsf g]kfnL ;Dk"0f{n] o;sf] cfˆgf kqsf/ afa';uF x'bF f b'jn} ] sdfG8/ Og lrkm;Fu e]6s] f lyP . * jif{ ;f]
dn]l;ofsf] >d ahf/df g]kfnL k|To]s s'/f k};fsf] andf v8f sfd ug{kfpg] s'/f ;odf kGw|h:tf] sf/0f / ;dfwfgsf pkfo vf]Hg afnsnfO{ cfˆg} sIffsf ;fyLx¿n] lv;L ug{] u/]kl5 !^ cf}F cd]l/sL /fi6«klt
d]xgtL xftx¿ ;lhn} clg ;:t}df ul/Psf] x'gfn] oxfFsf dflg;x¿, dfq} xf] . ;t ¿kdf klZrdf jf ;/sf/nfO{ ;3fpg tof/ klg 5g / ca|fxd ln+sgnfO{ !*^! df of] lr7L n]vs ] f lyP . ln+sgsf] x:tfIf/sf] ;f]
lgof{t x'g afWo agfOof] . ;/sf/df vf;u/L Jofkf/Lx¿ k};feGbf cGo ef/tLosf 3/df sfd ug{]x¿ 3/]n' t'?Gt} o;tkm{ cu|;/tfsf] af6f] lr7Ldf n]lvPsf] 5, …of] h;nfO{ ;DalGwt eP klg, d}n] afns hh{OefG;
hfg] ;a}nfO{ kfn}kfnf] u/L xfnLd'xfnL s'/fnfO{ Psbd} uf}0f 7fGb5g . sfdbf/ eg] v';Lg} b]lvPsf 5g . klxNofpg ;/sf/;Fu cfu|x ub{5g . Kof6gnfO{ ut d] dlxgfdf OlnGjfosf] l:k/+ulkmN8df e]6F] / s'/fsfgL u/],F c=
ln+sg .Ú of] lr7L a]Rg] /fj sn]S;gsf pkfWoIf gfyg /fjn] eg]cg';f/

wd{zf:qsf 7]nL / g]kfnL ;dfh

ln+sgn] afnaflnsfnfO{ n]vs ] f o;afx]s cGo s'g} klg lr7L a]rs ] f 5}gg .

ljgfk};f Ps jif{
cfh of] wd{;+:s[ltsf s'/fnfO{ klg cfˆgf] c8fg /fVb} cufl8 l6Kk0fL u/]sf] kSs} xf]Og . s'g} a]nf kGrsGofdWo] s} dflgP/ k'lhG5g\ pgL Ps jif{;Dd Ps k};f klg vr{gu/L afFr] . of] Ps jif{cfˆgf]
lnP/ snd rnfpg ;'? u/]sf] 5' . a9\5,' dof{bf k'?iff]Qdsf] ku/L u'yF s
] f lsl/of a:bf lbg ;fx|} nfdf] x'g,] w]/} klg Û Tolt dfq sxfF xf] /, Psftkm{ hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf /dfOnf] If0f atfpF5g\ pgL . ca klg Ps ¿k}ofF
vr{gu/L hLljsf rnfpg] pgsf] of]hgf 5 . #) jif{ dfs{af]onn] ljut
n]vf}–F n]vf}F nfu]sf] w]/} lbg eO;s]sf] eujfg /fd >LdtLk|lt eg] Gofojfg\ dfG5]x¿sf] e]63f6 gx'g] cflb kTgLnfO{ kltj|tf x'g kg]{ pkb]z !@ dlxgf Ps k};f klg vr{gu/L hLljsf rnfPsf x'g . pgL cfkm}+n]
lyof] t/ s] xf] s] xf] Û slxn] cf}Fnf x'g ;s]gg\ . ;Ltf x/0f x'gs ' f] k5fl8 sf/0fn] lbg s6fpg of] sfo{ ;'? lbOG5 clg csf]{tkm{ w"dwfdsf ;fy kmnfPsf] vfgf dfq vfG5g . Ps k};f klg vr{gu/]/ afF:bf cfkm" ;+;f/s}
rnfpg hfFu/ grng], slxn] lbdfu ;Ltfsf] bf] i f s] a n nId0fn] eof] xf]nf / To:tf] b'Mvsf] ;dodf jif}{lkR5] s[i0fnLnf dgfOG5 Û jfx ;a}eGbf v';L ePsf] atfP . casf] hLjg klg Ps k};f vr{gu/]/ afFRg]
rnfpg Û t/ cfh PSsf;L s;}n] sf]l/lbPsf] /]vf gf£g' dfq} b]vfOPsf] c? v';Lsf s'/fx¿ ;'Gg jf ;'gfpg /] kfvG8L ;dfh Û wfld{s u|Gyd} jfrf pgn] u/]sf 5g . pgL hxfF hfFbf klg ;fOsndf hfG5g . pgsf]
pS;fOlbof], Tof] klg ædof{bf k'?iff]Qd 5 t/ To;sf] kmn ;Ltfn] cfˆgf] dg gnfu]/ Tof] lstfa k9\g ;'? pNn]v ePsf s'/fx¿ p7fpFb} hfg] kmf]gdf Ogsldª sndfq cfpF5 . pgL ;f]nf/ k|of]u u5{g . o;}df ttfPsf]
eujfg\ /fdÆ sf] gfd lnP/ Û dof{bf hLjge/ cGofo ;x]/ latfpg' k¥of] ul/Psf] xf] ls < ts{ dfq} xf] olb xf] eg], a|Dxfn] of}gfGw eP/ cfˆg} kfgLn] g'xfpF5g . s6nlkm; pkhftsf] df5fsf] x•Ln] pgL bfFt df‰5g .
k'?iff]Qd /fdsf] gfdn] of] lbdfu / cGTodf xf/ vfP/ wtL{ km6fP/ ;do g} s6fpg xf] eg], u?8 5f]/Ldfly hfOnfu]sf syf, j]bJof;n] pgL cfˆgf nflu cfkm}+ vfgf pTkfbg u5{g\ . pgL c¿n] kmfn]sf] n'uf
ttfPsf] of] klxnf] If0f eg] xf]Og / cfˆgf] cl:tTjnfO{ ljnLg k'/f0fsf] ;§f uLtf h:tf] ;Gb]zd"ns ljwjf cAafnLsf, cAaf / bf;Laf6 lk;fOsn gfds j]a;fO6sf dfWodaf6 k|fKt u5{g\ . cfo/NofG8df hlGdPsf
wd{ gdfGg] JolStsf] nfOgdf cfk"mnfO{ agfpg'k¥of] . Tolt dfq xf]Og, dof{bf lstfasf] kf7 ug{ lsg gx'g] < dfly w[t/fi6«, kf08' / ljb'/ hGdfPsf af]onn] cy{zf:qdf :gfts u/]sf 5g\ . pgL k"j{Jofkf/L klg x'g . Ps
pEofPsf] klg 5}g Û t/ lrQ ga'em]sf] k'?iff]Qd dflgg] /fdn] cˆgL ue{jtL g} pNn]v ul/;s],F of] n]vsf] k|of; syfx¿ klg dlxnfsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 k};f vr{gu/L afFlr/x]sf] cfˆgf] cg'ejaf/]df pgL Anudf n]V5g . pgL;Fu
ts{ / s'ts{n] t ss{;f]n] sf]6ofPem}F kTgLnfO{ s'g} Pp6f wf]aLn] nufPsf] wd{sf] cfnf]rgf ug{' k6Ss} xf]Og / x]g{] xf] eg] sd bb{gfs 5}gg\ . ;f]nf/af6 rNg] Nofk6k 5 . :yfgLo v]tdf sfd u/]afkt pgnfO{ lj–
u5{| To;}n] sf]6o\ fPsf] 3fF6Laf6 d'St cf/f]ksf] sf/0fn] b/af/af6 lgsfn]/ cfkm"nfO{ wd{ gdfGg]sf] k+lStdf lsgls, j]bJof;;Fu cAaflnsfn] kmfO{n] l;Q}df OG6/g]6 rnfpg lbG5 . …k};f vr{gu/L latfPsf] of] jif{hLjgsf]
;a}eGbf v';Lsf] ;do xf] . d cfhLjg o;/L g} afFRg] 5' . k};f s]lGb|/t
x'g klg cf}n F fnfO{ lsaf]8d{ f x]Ng} k¥of] Û hªun k:g afWo agfP dfq xf]Og p6\ofpg k6Ss} rfxGg . t/ o; cgrfxf of}g ;DaGw /fVg'kbf{ 8/n] ljZjdf kmls{GgF,Ú pgL eG5g . k};fljgf afFRbf cToGt :jtGq cg'ej
dof{bf k'?iff]Qd /fdsf] hLjgsf] ;To ls ha pgn] 5f]/f hGdfOg\ clg tL k+lStsf/sf] wfld{s b[li6sf]0f eg] cfFvf lrlDnPs} sf/0f w[t/fi6« cGwf ePsf] pgL atfpF5g . …k};fljgf afFRbf y'k|} r'gf}tL 5g\ t/, a}+s PsfpG6,
n]v]/ w]/} klxn] x'd{t g} kfO;s]sf] 5f]/fx¿ cfˆgf] j+z rnfpg rflxg] cln km/s 5 . o;nfO{ nfU5, wd{n] ePsf / cAaf 8/n] ;]tL ePs} sf/0f lan, 6«flkms hfd, dg gk/]sf] hflu/ vfg'kg{] afWotf x'Fb}g,Ú pgL eG5g\ .
of] k+lStsf/nfO{ @)%@ df3 !^ ut] sf/0fn] 3/ kmsf{P . wd{uG| ysf o:tf hLjgnfO{ cg'zfl;t eP/ hLpg] af6f] kfG8' To:tf] /ª lnP/ hlGdPsf eg]/ k};fljgf afFRbf ;a}eGbf cK7of/f]rflxF ;fyLx¿;Fu 3'nldn ug{] ;d:of x'g]
g]kfnL b}lgs sflGtk'/df 5flkPsf] s'/fx¿ vf]tNb} hfg] xf] eg] w]/} dfGg b]vfpF5 g ls rf]g,{ 9fF6g\ ,] dfG5] dfg],{ klg wd{u|Gysf kfgfx¿ el/Psf atfpF5g af]on . …;fyLx¿;Fu e]6g kj hfg'sf] ;§f d Sofdkmfo/ agfP/,
g]kfnL sfFu|];sf g]tf tyf s'g} a]nf g;lsg] ljifox¿ vf]tlNnG5g\ . cfh c?nfO{ ;tfpg] lzIff lbG5 . t/ 5g\ . n]vsf] aL6 dfg{kbf{, wd{uG| ysf ;+uLt ;'g/] / nfdf] ofqfdf uP/ dgf]/Ghg lnG5',Ú pgL eG5g . casf] @)
;f]xL kf6L{af6 dxfdGqL eO;s]sf klg, jif{sf] Ps k6s 3/3/df wfld{s JofVoftfsf] lhDdf lnP/ o:tf s' / fx¿ ;dfhdf nfb\ g ] jif{df dflg;x¿n] cfˆgf] pkef]ujfbL k|jl[ Qaf/]df 5nkmn ug{] pgL atfpF5g .
bLgaGw' cof{nsf] n]vsf] ;Demgf :j:yfgL elgG5– h;sf] d"n syfn] a:g]x¿n] u/]sf wd{zf:qsf] unt k|j[lQaf6 slxn] d'lSt kfOg] xf] …d]/f] k|fyldstf eg]sf] dflg;n] kmfn]sf ;fdfgx¿nfO{ k'gM k|of]u ug'{ xf] .
eof]– h'g n]v sflGtk'/sf] cfwf k]h ^) jif{ lzj zdf{n] ;ft jif{sL JofVofn] ;dfhnfO{ g} lbUe|ldt agfP/ s'lGg < /, eljiosf nflu lbuf] ljsf;sf] cfwf/ agfpg' xf],Ú pgL eG5g .
cf]u6]/ / zLif{s g} æcndlnPsf
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klg ?rfpGg . clxn] klg g]kfnL t];|f]ln·L ;/sf/L ;]jf ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt
lyof] / n]vsf] cGTodf æpxfFnfO{ s'/fn] s]–slt wd{ cfh{g ul/G5 yfxf kqklqsdf cGt/hftLo ljjfx u/]sf] s~rgk'/ . gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq t/ t];f| l] nËLsf cfwf/df gful/stf gful/stfs} sf/0f ;/sf/L hfuL/ k|fKt
t;lndfnfO{ h:tf] kfl/GgÆ eg]/ 5}g t/ lunf] df6f]sf] lbdfunfO{ o:tf sf/0fn] 3/kl/jf/n] g:jLsf/]sf] gkfpF b f oxfF s f t] ; | f ] l nËLx¿sf] glbP /f] h uf/ / ;/sf/L ;] j f ePsf] 5}g . ;+ljwfg;efdf k'us ] f
wDSofOPsf] lyof] . sf/0f, of] s'/fn] æo:tf cgd]n ljjfx :jLsfo{ ;dfrf/, sy+sbflrt\ s'g} cgrfx /f]huf/Ldf kx'rF k'Ug ;s]sf 5}g . ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt u/]sf] u'gf;f] oxfFsf Pshgf t];f| l] nËL ;ef;bn] dlxnf
k+lStsf/n] /fdsf] rl/q cfˆgf] x'g]/x]5 / ;fx|} wfld{s sfo{ /x]5Æ 36gfaf6 dfq} klg 5f]/Lx¿ ljjfx gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqdf clgjfo{¿kdf t];f| l] nËLx¿sf] /x]sf] 5 . ;Ël7t¿kd} k'?ifs} cfwf/df gful/stf lnP/ ToxfF
>LdtLk|lt cdfgjLo lyof] eg]/ n]Vg' eGg] e|daf6 d'St x'grflxF ufx|} k5{ k"jg{ } cfdf agL xfn] eg] pgLx¿n] dlxnf / k'?iflnË pNn]v ug{k' g{] sfg'gL ;x/lt/sf ;r]t s]xL t];f| l] nËLx¿ k'us
] f x'g . xfd|f] g};lu{s clwsf/dfly
g} lyof] / cfh km]l/ ToxL s'/f]n] xf]nf Û clg csf]{ ;Gbe{ u?8 k'/f0fsf] ls t cfTdxTof ug{ afWo x'g' k/]sf] dfGotfsf cfwf/df t] ; | f ] l nËLn] v'n/] } clwsf/sf af/]df ax; ug]{ eP aGb]h nfu]sf] 5 . ;'b/" klZrd If]qdf
lbdfu emsemsfpFb} 5 . ;Gbe{ cfpF5, 3/df dfG5] d/]/ ;a}sf] dg 36gf of n's/] ue{ktg u/fpg' k/]sf gful/stf kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg . k}ts [ klg u|fdL0f If]qsf t];f| l] nËLx¿ 3/leq} dfq} kfFrxhf/ eGbfa9L t];f| l] nËL /x]sf]
;DklQdf ;d]t gful/stfs} sf/0f u'lD;P/ dfgl;s kL8f v]Kg afWo atfOPsf] 5 . k6s–k6s k|ltlglwdfkm{
wd{zf:qdf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ g} x'g, ljlIfKt eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf æd/]sf] ;dfrf/ au|]NtL 5flkG5g\ . t/, clwsf/ kfpg g;s]sf t];f| l] nËL cf/tL 5g\ . ;/sf/n] c? ju{ h :t} ;/sf/nfO{ t];f| l] nËLsf] clwsf/ /
xfd|f] lgod sfg"gsf] dha'tsf] cfwf/ JolStn] t]nsf] esesL plDn/x]sf] csf]t{ km{ wfld{su|Gyx¿df, s'GtLn] >]i7n] atfOg\ . t];f| l] nËLnfO{ cem} cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ;xh¿kdf lnËsf] ;d:ofaf/] cjut u/fpFbf;d]t ;'gj' fO
eGg' g} To:t} wd{zf:qsf 7]nLx¿ g} s/fxLdf 8'Ag'k5{ jf o:t}–o:t} s'/fn] ljleGg b]jtfx¿sf] cfJxfg u/]/ ;fdflhs¿kdf lt/:sf/ u/L cfdf / klxrfgsf cfwf/df gful/stf / ePsf] 5}g . ;/sf/sf s]xL axfnjfnf
x' g . To;} n ] ha–ha wd{ / s] zflGt jf wd{ ldN5 of] k+lStsf/n] 5f]/fx¿ hGdfPsf] s'/f, -cem s0f{ t a'afn] ;dfhdf alx:s[t x'g] 8/n] 3/ ljjfxsf] dfGotf lbg'kg]{ s~rgk'/sf] dGqLx¿n] gofF ;+ljwfg / sfg'g ;+zf]wg
wd{zf:qsf s'/fx¿ lnP/ s;}n] clxn];Dd a'em]sf] 5}g . s'g} a]nf, cljjflxt g} x'bF f hGdfPsf]_ b|fk} bLn] lgsfnf ug{] ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] nIdLk'/sL t];f| l] nËL cg' sfsL{n] atfOg\ . u/]/ eP klg clwsf/ lbg] cfZjf;g
aLts{of s"ts{ u5{ clg of] lbdfu of] k+lStsf/n] u?8 k'/f0f k"/} Wofg kfFr klt j/0f u/]sf] syf k"/} cf:yf dlxnf k'?ifnfO{ dfq} lnËsf] klxrfgsf pgn] elgg–…;/sf/n] xfdLdfly e]befj lbPsf 5g\ t/ k"/f u/]sf 5}gg
klg ;NanfOxfN5 . of] k+lStsf/ km]l/ lbP/ ;'g]sf] 5' . o;} xr'jfsf] e/df /fv]/ ;'lgG5– cem s'GtL / b|fk} bL t cfwf/df gful/stf lbg] u/]sf] 5 . u/]sf] 5 . Pshgf t];f| l] nËLnfO{ klg cf/tLn] atfOg .
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x'G5 < ;a} g]kfnLsf] lha|fd] f oL oqtq eGg] s'/f gof“ / dxTjk"0f{ xf] . hgtfsf] k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;fIfLdf hg;+ljwfg g] t [ T jljxLg cj:yfsf] zlQmsf] hf/L x'g ca Ps dlxgf tLg lbg dfq afFsL 5 . ;Qf?9 k|dv '
k|Zgx¿ em'l08/x]sf 5g . hgfb]zk|fKt cledtsf] ;Ddfg ug],{ ;f]xLcg'¿ksf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ x'g cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . lgZro klg ;]gf /fhgLlts bnx¿ afFsL o; cjlwdf ;+ljwfg aGg g;Sg] lgisif{df
d'ns ' s} ;aeGbf 7"nf] bn PsLs[t ;/sf/ lgdf{0f tyf hg;+ljwfg n]vg cfjZos 5 . olb Tof] jftfj/0f tof/ alnof] / ;Ifd x'g alnof] /fHosf]
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ kfvf nufP/ Pskl5 cfjZostf kb{5, alnof] /fHo x'g k'us] f 5g\ . k|dv' k|ltkIf bn dfcf]jfbL eg] cem} klg h]7 !$ d} ;+ljwfg
sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] vfnsf] x'g ;s]g eg] hgcfGbf]ng, hgljb|fx]
csf]{ hg3ftL / /fi6«lj/f]wL sfd /fhg}lts ;dLs/0f tof/ x'g] xf] eg] hgtf / pgsf k|ltlglwsf nflu zlQmzfnL /fhg}lts kf6L{sf] h?/t hf/L x'gk' 5{ elg/x]sf] 5 . ;do ;fg]{ g} xf] eg] klg oxL ;/sf/af6 Tof]
ul//x]sf] slyt\ jt{dfg ;/sf/af6 b'O{ dlxgf yk] k|z:t ;do aGg ;S5 . clGtd ljsNk aGg ;Sg]5 . ;]gf kb{5 . g]kfnsf] cfhsf] ulxl/bf] ;Dej gx'g] dfcf]jfbLsf] 7x/ 5 . ;Qf?9 bnx¿ d'ns ' sf] d'Vo sfo{ef/nfO{
s'g} klg ;sf/fTds sfd xf]nf eGg] t/, clxn]sf] h:tf] hgtfåf/f lt/:s[t ;dfof]hgsf] dxTjk"0f{ laifo klg of] /fhg}lts ;+s6 kf/ nufpg / la;]/{ s;}sf] tfndf gflr/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ zflGt / ;+ljwfg
s'/fdf gful/snfO{ /lQe/ ljZjf; JolQm, :jb] z L lab] z L /fhg}lts ;+s6;“u} hf]l8P/ cufl8 /fli6«otf ;'b9[ ug{ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{nfO{ lgdf{0f k|lqmofk|lt s'g} lrGtf / rf;f] 5}g . pgLx¿nfO{ x/38L s;/L
5}g . hfnem]n tyf if8\oGqåf/f if8\oGqsf/Lx¿sf] c“Wof/f] sf]7faf6 cfPsf] 5 . ;dfof]hgaf/] ljleGg dfG5] ;]gfsf] ;xof]u h?/t 5 eg] ;]gfnfO{ s';L{ hf]ufO/fVg] eGg] lrGtf 5 . g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
dfcf]jfbL vQd kfg{ tof/ kfl/Psf] ;dLs/0f -;Qf_ aGg] xf] eg] csf]{ b'O{ / kf6L{x¿df 8/, e|d tyf csd{0otf cfˆgf] ljutdf u'd]sf] 5lj ;'wfg{ Dofb yKg'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f b]vfpg] x}l;ot jt{dfg ;Qf?9 u7aGwg;Fu
jt{dfg s7k'tnL ;/sf/ To;} klg aif{ yKg'sf] klg s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . hlGd/x]sf] 5 . SofG6f]gd]G6sf] zlQmsf hgtf / dfcf]jfbLsf] vf“rf] 5 . 5}g . h'g ;/sf/ u7g x'bF f k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] zflGt /
;+ljwfg n]Vg ag]sf] ;/sf/} xf]Og . To;}n] klxnf] ljsNksf] ¿kdf jt{dfg cfwf/df dfcf]jfbLn] ;Qf sAhf u5{ lxhf]sf] Pp6f ;Gbe{df dfcf]jfbL / ;+ljwfg cfˆgf] klxnf] ;t{ ePsf] To;nfO{ h;/L klg lgisif{df k'¥ofO{
ha ;/sf/df hgtfsf jf:tljs ;/sf/sf] lj36g, ;+o'Qm /fli6«o eGg] Psyl/nfO{ 8/ 5, hgd'lQm ;]gfaLrdf åGå ePtfklg cfhsf] 5f8\g] atfPsf lyP, pgn] k|lta4tf hgfPsf] of] d'2f Ps OGr klg
k|ltlglwx¿ g} 5}gg\ eg] Tof] ;+ljwfg ;/sf/sf] lgdf{0fsf nflu gof“ ;dLs/0f ;]gfdf Jofj;flostf 5}g o;nfO{ ;}Go ;Gbe{af6 x]bf{ dfcf]jfbL / g]kfnL ;]gf cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;sf/0f klg of] ;/sf/nfO{ ;+ljwfg;efsf]
s;/L aG5 < ;fdfGotM sfg'gL k|so[ f ;lxtsf] ;dosf] dfu pko'Qm x'G5 . If]qdf ;dfof]hg ul/g' x'b“ g} eg]/ ts{ b'O{ zlQm dfq /fli6«otfsf] /Iffsf] Dofb yksf] k|;Ë p7fpg];Dd klg g}lts cfwf/ b]lvFbg} . ;+ljwfg
k"/f u/]/ ;+ljwfgsf] 8«fˆ6 tof/ ug{ ;dodf ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g glbg] / ug]x{ ¿sf] csf]{ hdft 5 . ;Qf sAhf k|Zgdf glhs /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . of]
dfq %* lbg nfU5 t/ xfdL;“u ca dxTjk"0f{ / cfwf/e't d'2fdf oL b'j} lgdf{0fsf] @$ dlxg] cjlwdWo] @# dlxgf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0feGbf cGoq
To;af6 pTkGg x'g] ;+s6af6 b]znfO{ ug{ a;]sf] 5 eGg] / Joj;flos Ifdtf
hDdf $) lbg af“sL 5 . To;}n] ca bnfnLs/0f ug]{ k|ltudgsf/Lx¿sf] g} 5}g eGg] b'j} e|dnfO{ lgif]w ug{ zlQmn] uDeL/tfk"js { Psfsf/ x'g Wofg s]lGb|t ug]{ xfd|f] /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] cb"/blz{tfsf] sf/0f ;dodf
;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff xf]nf eGg] s'/fsf] cfzf Pp6f ;d"x lqmofzLn 5 . 7f];df h?/L 5 . /, PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLn] klg h?/L 5 . Oltxf;df g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g g;s]sf] ;a}nfO{ 1fg 5 .
s/La–s/La ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . b]zsf eGg'kbf{ qmflGtsf/L, dWodfuL{ tyf ca of]hgfljxLg tl/sfn] nfdf] 5lj /fd|f] x'b“ fx'b“ } cfˆg} hgtfsf] lj?4 olta]nf h]7 !$ df ;+ljwfg gaGg] kSsfkSsL eO;s]kl5 g]kfnL
k|a4' af}l4s hut, gful/s ;dfhsf blIf0fkGyL ltg zlQm /fhg}lts b[Zodf ;do;Dd hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ c:yfoL ljutsf] hgo'4df kl/rflnt eP/ /fhgLltsf] /Ëd~rdf ljleGg vfnsf bf}8x¿ ;'? ePsf] 5 . s;}n]
cu'jfx¿ tyf cGo lj1 hflgkmsf/ b]lvPsf 5g\ . ef/tLo zf;s ju{sf] lzlj/df /flv/fVg' x'“b}g . Pp6f u/]sf s'sT[ ox¿n] abgfldt 5, of] hgljb|fx] dfkm{t\ ;QfsAhf x'G5 eg]sf 5g\ t s;}n] ;/sf/n] bdgsf/L
txaf6 af“sL /x]sf] of] ;donfO{ klg Pp6f tKsf h;n] g]kfnsf] slxNo} lgisif{df ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] s'/fnfO{ s' / f p;n] dxz' ; ug} { k b{ 5 / af6f] lng ;Sg] c8\snafhL u/]sf 5g\ . ;To s'/f s] xf] eg] d'ns '
;Dejdf abNg'k5{ eGg] ts{, lrGtf enf] rfxb}g To;sf] l;wf cfb]zdf 6'¨ofpg' k5{ . ;lRrg'kb{5 . g]kfnL ;]gf csf]{ s'g} oyfl:yltdf /lx/xg ;Sb}g . jf/sf] kf/ x'g h?/L 5 . clxn] k|dv ' 7"nf]
/ cg'go ul//x] klg ;/sf/ / sfd ug]{ blIf0fkGyL zlQmx¿ ljleGg slQ klg glxlRsRofO{ eGg] xf] zlQm geP/ p hgtfsf] zlQm xf] bn PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL jt{dfg ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg / zflGtk|lqmofnfO{
To;leqsf /fhg}lts bnx¿ g} h]i7 gfd / ¿kaf6 g]kfnnfO{ k|ltudglt/ eg] b]zdf b'Oj6f zlQm g} ca xfaL To;}n] JolQmx¿sf k5fl8 x}g ;]gf cufl8 a9fpg] jftfj/0f agfpg g;s]sf] eGb} ;8saf6 ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff
!$ leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]e { Gbf klg ws]Ng] of]hgfdf /x]sf 5g\ . To;sf x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 . dfcf]jfbL / hgtfsf] dfemdf cfpg'kb{5 . cfhsf] ug]{ elg/x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ / To;df ;xefuL bnsf g]tfx¿ ;do yk]/
h]i7 !$ df csf]{ if8\oGqdfkm{t\ ljkl/t qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿ cu|ufdL g]kfnL ;]gf zlQmsf] ¿kdf cufl8 hgtf;lxtsf] /fhg}lts zlQm eg]sf] eP klg gofF ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ug'k{ g]{ s'/f t aflx/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/,
k|ltudg lgDTofpg] of]hgfdf /x]sfn] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ gof“ /fhg}lts 5g\ . ;] g f /fhg} l ts zlQmsf] dfcf]jfbL g} xf] . To;}n] ;]gf /
qmflGtsf/L hgtf / b]zeQmx¿n] klg dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] ;DaGwn] ;sf/fTds leqL¿kdf dfcf]jfbLdfly bdg u/]/ zfxLsfnLg aa{/tfsf] k'g/fj[lQ
;dLs/0f tyf hgbafasf] dftxtdf rNg] ;+:yf ePklg of]
h]i7 !$ kl5sf ljsNkx¿ tyf cleofgaf6 ePklg b]znfO{ lgsf; /fhgLltsf] ljsNk klg xf] eg]/ a'em\g] lbzf lng] xf] eg] b]zn] lb3{sflng ug{ vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . xfdLdfem tfhf Oltxf; 5, hgcfsf+Iffx¿nfO{
;Defjgfx¿sf af/]df Wofg /fVg'kg]{ lbg p2t /x]sf] 5 . csf]{ dWodfuL{ ul/G5 . ljZjsf tdfd pbfx/0fnfO{ x]g{ ] lgsf; lng ;Sg] csf]{ gof“ ;Defjgf /f]Sg vf]Hg]x¿sf] xfnt s] ePsf] 5 . pgLx¿nfO{ klg /fd|f; ] uF yfxf 5
h?/L ePsf] 5 . tKsf h;n] g t b]znfO{ lgsf; lbg] xf] eg] ;]gf s'g} g s'g} tl/sfn] /fhg}lts 5 . ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cft+ssf/Ls} ls hgtfsf] kl/jt{gsf] rfxgfnfO{ bafpg' eg]sf] cfkm}F l;l4g' xf] . gofF
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kl5 x6\ g ' k 5{ . p;n] tTsfn sdhf/L xf] . ljutdf h] eP klg ;]gf, k|x/L jf ;'/Iff lgsfosf ;a} hfgsf/L lbof] . dfcf] j fbL sf/0f a9L b'3{6gf ePsf] hgtfsf] u'gf;f]kl5 rfnsx¿n] sfg'gL sf/jfxL
/fhLgfdf lbg'k5{ . hgtfnfO{ an ljutsf ;xdlt / ;Demf} t f cËnfO{ Pn6{ agfO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL cfGbf] n gdf o' y kmf] ; { 3' ; fP/ ef]Ug'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . sfg'g t klxnf g} lyof] t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog b'O{
k|of]u u/L bafpg] of]hgf ;kmn sfof{Gjog u/L cl3 a9] ;xdltsf] ;]gf ;w}Fel/ k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf] c/fhgLlts lqmofsnfk u/fO{ dlxgfcl3b]lv ePsf] 5 . hgtfn] Ifltk"lt{ geO{ bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL
x'Fb}g . of] unt s'/f xf] . ;Defjgf 6/]sf] 5}g . …!@ a'Fb]b]lv ;lhnf] xltof/ aGof] t/ o; k6s dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng bdg ug{ ;/sf/L ug{'k5{ eGg] dfu rsf]{¿kdf p7]sf] 5 . ut kmfu'g @ ut] rfalxndf
) eg] k l5, zflGt / ;+ l jwfgs} xfn;Ddsf ;Demf}tf kfngf u/] Tof] k'/fgf] Oltxf;sf] qmdeË x'g5 ] . of]hgfcg';f/ ;]gfnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg 7Ss/ lbg] af@v %(# gDa/sf] :joDe' oftfoftsf rfns ho/fd >]i7
nflu tkfO{ + x ¿n] cfGbf] n g ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f aG5Ú sf]O/fnsf] casf] g]kfnL ;]gf /fi6«3ftL / k|of]u ul/Psf] x'g;S5– ;|ft] n] eGof] . xfn s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/ lqk'/]Zj/df y'lgPsf 5g\ . pgn] nfk/jfxL u/]/ uf8L
ug{ nfUg' e Psf] xf] < egfO 5– …;a} /fhgLlts bnn] hglj/f]wLsf] sfn ag]/ lgl:sg] 5 . u[xdGqL eLd /fjnn] o'ykmf];n{ fO{ rnfPs} sf/0fjz b'3{6gf ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL 36gfdf d[To' ePsL kfNkfsL
;+ljwfg dfq xf]Og, hg;+ljwfg clnslt c8fg 5f8] eg] ;xdlt dfG5] x ¿ olta] n f a] d f} ; dsf xltof/ lbP/ b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf #@ jifL{of /Ltf a:ofnsf >Ldfg\ zÍ/ a:ofnn] Ifltk"lt{ xf]OGf, bf]ifLnfO{
lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] /Iffsf] nflu xfdLn] lg:sG5 .Ú hgcfGbf]ngdf dxTjk"0f{ ax;x¿ ub}{5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] xltof/ cftÍ dRrfO/x]sf] a]nf sfg'gL sf/jfxL u/fpg'kg]{ dfu ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFnfO{ >LdtLsf] d[To'
cfGbf]ng ug{ nfu]sf xf}F . hgtfsf] e"ldsf v]n]sf gful/s ;dfhsf Dofb yKg ldN5 jf ldNb}g < h]7 ;/sf/n] /fHozlStsf] b'?kof]u ub}{ ePsf] 36gfsf] kL8fbfoL If0fdf w]/}n] Ifltk"lt{ -?=kfFr nfv_ lng';\ eg]sf
kl/jt{gk|ltsf] rfxgfnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg k|ltlglwx¿ bnx¿nfO{ 3R3RofpFbf !$ df ;+ljwfg gag] tfhf hgfb]zdf ;]gfnfO{ ;d]t tflnd lbg nufpg'n] lyP . t/, pxfFnfO{ k};f lng'eGbf bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxLsf] k|lqmofdf
zflGtk"0f{ hgk|bz{g ug{ nfu]sf xf}F . yfls;s] s f] atfpF 5 g\ . …xfdL hfg] /] Û oxL s7\k'tnL ;/sf/n] /fHocftÍ cem a9\g] /fhgLlts cufl8 a9fpg' plrt nfUof] . Tolta]nf pxfFnfO{ w]/} kmf]g cfP/ wDSofpg]
o;nfO{ st}af6 /f]Sg] / bafpg] sfo{ af]Nbfaf]Nbf yfls;Sof}F . bnx¿sf] r'gfj u/fpg] /] Û /fi6«klt jf ;}Go j[ Q df rrf{ rNg yfn] s f] 5 . sfd eof], oftfoft Joj;foLaf6 . k6s–k6s k};f lng';,\ r'k nfUg';\ o:t}
ePdf xfdLnfO{ ;}Xo x'g] 5}g . sfdn] hgtfdf pT;fx 5}gÚ gful/s zf;g nufpg] /] Û s]xL dflg;x¿ k| w fgdGqLsf] ;/sf/L lgjf; xf] Hofg uOxfNof] eg]/ w]/}n] ;Demfpg] sfd klg u/] . t/, tL wDsL /
sf“u;]| === ;dfhsf cu'jf 8f b]jG] b|/fh kf08]n]
eg]– …;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL ;+ljwfg
ljleGg ts{x¿ ub}{5g\ . ljåfg\
sxlnPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg agfpg]
afn'jf6f/df a;]sf] cgf}krfl/s
a}7sn] dhb'/ lbj;sf cj;/df
;Demfpg] s'g} s'/fn] 5f]Pg zÍ/ a:ofnnfO{ . …d]/f] >LdtLsf] hLjg % &
nfvsf] xf]Og,Ú a:ofnn] eGg'eof]– d]/f] >LdtLsf] d[To' eO;Sof], dnfO{ k};f
sf+u;
]| clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t g/xg]
bfjL ug' { e of] . ljlxjf/ Ps agfpg /f]s/] o'4sf] tof/Ldf nfu]sf hgtfx¿ clg ax; ug]{ pgLx¿ < dfcf]jfbLn] ug{ nfu]sf] j}zfv !* rflxFb}g, d k};fdf laSg] dfG5] klg xf]Og, dnfO{ nfk/jfxL u/]/ uf8L
;df/f]xljr !) sf]7] kSsL ejg h:tf b]lvG5g\ .Ú pgn] Pscsf{nfO{ eLdfh' { g cfrfo{ h :tf slyt ut]sf] zflGtk"0f{ hgk|bz{gnfO{ nlIft rnfpg] rfnsnfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL u/fpg'Yof] . pxfFnfO{ k};feGbf sfg'gsf]
pb\3f6g ub}{ g]tf k|efs/n] hgtfsf] cf/f]k nufpg 5f8]/ h]7 !$ leq} sfg'gljb\x¿n] s] k9]5g\ s'lGg < s] u/L ;a} ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ pRr ;'/Iff ;xof]u lnP/ rfnsnfO{ ;hfo lbnfpg kfpFbf ;kmntf ldn]sf] dx;';
;lqmo kxndf dfq ljsf; lgdf{0f ;+ljwfg tof/ kf/] hgcfGbf]ng lbj; of] pgLx¿n] lg0f{o lbg] ljifo xf] < ;ts{tf ckgfpg lgb]z { g lbPsf] 5 . ePsf] 5 . nfk/jfxL u/]/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] Hofg lnO{ h]n hfg] rfns ho/fd
ug{ ;lsg] jtfpg'eof] . hgtfsf] dgfpg' cy{ k " 0 f{ x' g ] atfP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg ldN5 jf ;/sf/n] hgk|bz{g lx+;fTds x'g] PSnf xf]Ogg\, pgL;Fu} rf/hgf rfns clxn] h]ndf 5g\ . rfalxndf sflQs
;xof]u ljgf ljsf; ck'/f] x'g] eGb} dfgjclwsf/sdL{ ;'zLn Kofs'/n ] ldNb}g < s] GofofwLzn] eGg] ljifo bfaL ub}{ ;Dej eP;Ddsf ;a} !( ut] af@v *%) gDa/sf] :joDe' oftfoftsf] a;sf rfns uDeL/axfb'/
pxfFn] Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] nf]stGq cfPsf] rf/ jif{sf] cjlwdf xf], lgjf{rgdf hfg] ls s] ug]{ < oL k|sf/sf] ;'/Iff /0fgLlt ckgfpg l3l;ª clxn] h]ndf 5g\ . pgn] rnfPsf] a;n] Ps ljBfyL{nfO{ rfalxndf
NofPsf] gofF ?s'dsf nfuL Plss[t ;d]t bnx¿aLr cljZjf; x6\g s]jn hgtfnfO{ lbUe|ldt agfpg] ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|dv ' x¿nfO{ lgb]z { g 7Ss/ lbFbf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . ut kmfu'g # ut] gf=@v %(# gDa/sf]
?s'd ljsf; cleofgdf ljleGg g;s] s f] atfP . …bnx¿aLr of]hgfa4 if8\oGqx¿ dfq x'g\ / e"m6f lbPsf] xf] . ;' / Iff lgsfosf dfOqmf]a; rfns /d]z bfxfn klg clxn] h]ndf 5g\ . pgn] ;fFv'df Ps
If]qaf6 ;j}nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ cfu|x cljZjf;n] d'ns ' ;+s6tkm{ uO/x]sf] k|rf/x¿ dfq x'g\ . k|ltufdLx¿ 3/L k|dv' x¿;d]t ;xefuL dlGqkl/ifb\sf] dlxnfnfO{ 7Ss/ lbFbf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . ut kmfu'g ( ut] gf@v &!)
ug'{eof] . pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf jf]Nb} 5Ú pgn] eg] …nf]stGqsf] Go"gtd cfwf/ hgdt ;+u|xsf] s'/f u5{g\ t 3/L cgf}krfl/s a}7sn] dfcf]jfbLn] gDa/sf] uf8Lsf rfnsn] s'df/Lufndf 7fs'/k|;fb cof{NfnfO{ 7Ss/ lbg]
;+ljwfg ;ef /fHo k'g{;+/rgf tyf ;a} bnn] dfGg'k5{ ;xdlt vf]Hg'k5{ .Ú tfhf hgfb]zsf] . lsgls km]l/ ;]gf, b]ze/ ;~rfng u/]sf] sfo{qmd rfns gf/fo0fk|;fb e§/fO{ klg clxn] s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df /x]sf 5g\ .
zlQm jfF8kmfF8 ;ldltsf ;efklt bnx¿aLr cljZjf;sf sf/0f …b'O{ k'ln; nufP/ pgLx¿ if8\oGq ug{ Joj:yfkg :jod\;j] s k|lzIf0fnfO{ rfnsx¿ y'gfdf uPsf] of] klxnf] k6s ePsf] dxfgu/Lo k|x/L af}4sf
tyf ;efifb\ nf]s]Gb| lji6du/n] jif{leq ;+ljwfg agfpg] s'/f s'lx/f]sf] vf] H b} 5g\ . lxhf] lj3l6t ;}Go tflndsf] bfaL ub}{} tTsfn /f]Sg k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs uf]ljGbl;+x kl/of/n] atfpg'eof] . rfns bIf geO{
cfˆgf] kf6L{ s' g } k lg xfntdf sfuh:t} ePsf]Ú pNn]v u/] . pgn] k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] dfu ug]{ cfu|x u/]sf] ;/sf/sf k|jStf Pj+ nfk/jfxL tl/sfn] uf8L rnfpg] rfnsnfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL ug{'k5{ eg]/
hg;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ kIfdf /x]sf] dfcf]jfbLn] ;Qf sAhf ug]{ s'/f …ljutdf g]kfnL sfFu; ]| n] cfh s'g d'vn] tfhf ;" r gf tyf ;~rf/dGqL z+ s / hgtfsf] hf]8bf/ dfu p7]kl5 rfns h]n uPsf] atfpg'eof] . pk/LIfs
jtfpg'eof] . s]Gb|df /x]sf] clwsf/ hgo'4 yfngL u/]h:tf]Ú ePsf] l6Kk0fL hgfb]zsf] s'/f ub}{5 < ;a}nfO{ kf]v|]nn] atfP . o:tfvfn] k|lzIf0f kl/of/sf cg';f/ of]eGbf cufl8 rfnsx¿ h]n uPsf lyPgg\ . rfnsn]
ljs]Gb|Lt u/L hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ u/] . o;n] ;xdltsf jftfj/0f lauf/]sf] 3fdhlQs} 5n{Ë 5 . /f]Sg PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ nfk/jfxL 9Ëaf6 uf8L rnfP/ lg/Gt/ b'3{6gf x'Fbf csfndf lagfsf/0f
;DkGg u/fpg] /fHo k'g{;+/rgf pgn] hgfP . ;/sf/sf]=== cg'/f]w ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5– k|jStf w]/} ;j{;fwf/0fn] Hofg u'dfpg'k¥of] . …hgtf ;r]t eO;s] ca rfnsx¿
;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] eLif0f=== g] t [ T jn] Pdfn] cw{ ; } G o b:tf
o'ykmf];s { f] g]tT[ jnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbPsf]
kf]v/]nn] eg]– To; ;DaGwdf ;a}
;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ klg tof/ /xg
bIf x'g' cfjZos 5,Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof]– hgtfsf] dfucg';f/ d}n] ;xof]u
u/]sf] xF', Ifltk"lt{ Pp6f s'/f xf], sfg'gL sf/jfxL csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .
jtfpg'eof] . gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;+3Lo u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf g} lyof] .
k|s[ofnfO{ ljyf]Ng] if8\oGq eO/x]sf] xf] . nlntk' / sf] av' 0 8f] n l:yt a} 7 sn] lgb] { z g u/] s f] 5 . b'O{ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf uf8L b'36{ gfdf ;+nUg rf/hgf rfnsx¿ h]n uPkl5
ca 7Ls olta]nf hgtfx¿n] km]l/ dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sdf u[xdGqL eLd /fhwfgLdf b'36{ gfdf lgs} sdL cfPsf] pk/LIfs kl/of/n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
jtfpb} lji6du/n] ;+ljwfg jGg] csf]{ cfFwLa]x/Lsf] l;h{gf gug]{ xf] lu|gljr xf]6ndf g]kfnL ;]gfsf
glbg] if8\oGqsf lj?4 hgtfn] csf]{ k|wfg;]gfklt 5qdflg;+x u'?ª, /fjn ;z:q, hgkb / cg';Gwfg rfnsx¿ h]n hfg'kg{ ePKfl5 lgs} ;hu eP/ uf8L rnfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .
eg] km]l/ b]z k|ltudgsf] lzsf/ ljefusf k|dv ' x¿n] PsLs[t g]skf k6s–k6s nfk/jfxL tl/sfn] uf8L rnfP/ Hofg lng] :joDe' oftfoftsf]
;+3if{ ug]{ / To;nfO{ ;+ljwfg lj/f]lw aGg]5 . ca k|ltufdL, k|ltlqmofjfbL pkTosf k[ t gfklt bdgaxfb' /
tTjx¿nfO{ j9f/] / n} h fg] 3n] n ufot rf/hgf ;} l gs dfcf]jfbLsf] b]zJofkL k|lzIf0faf/] vf/]hLsf] dfu u/] hgtfn] . :joDe' oftfoftsf] vf/]hL t eof] . b'O{;o
/ r/d\ blIf0fkGyL u7aGwgnO{ Wj:t hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . &) j6f a; /x]sf] :joDe' oftfoftn] gfd kl/jt{g u/]/ dfofn', dgsfdgf,
jtfpg'eof] . To:t} ;efifb\ tyf agfpgsf nflu Pp6f eofgs clkm;/x¿n] o'ykmf];s { f cWoIf dx]z
clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 qmflGtsf/L a:g]tnufot sl/a cfwf bh{g rGb|ljgfos, snÍL PS;k|; ] , rqmky kl/qmdfnufot agfOPsf] 5 / oL
s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o ljsnf
hgljb|f]xsf] cfjZostf 68\sf/f]
ag]sf] 5 . cfdljb|fx] , ;xl/of ljb|fx] o'ykmf];s { f g]tfx¿nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbPsf dGqL=== uf8Lsf] /Ë;d]t kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 . …HofGfdf/fÚ uf8Lsf] ;+1f kfPsf] :joDe'
s];Ln] gofF ;+ljwfgdf dlxnfsf] x'g\ . dfcf]jfbLaf6 ePsf tflnd ug]5{ . ;f] ;ldltdf kl/ifb\sf cWoIf, oftfoftn] lxhf]s} 36gf bf]xf]¥ofP ltgLx¿nfO{ ;j{;fwf/0fn] g5f]8g\ ] atfpF5g\,
jf h] eg] klg x'G5, To;nfO{ . cln pkfWoIf, sf]iffWoIf / ;b:o;lrj rfalxnsf /jLg yfkf . a9L b'36{ gf rfnssf] nfk/jfxLsf] sf/0fn] ePsf]
clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ cfˆgf] kf6L{ g/d efiff k|of]u ug]{ xf] eg] To;nfO{ g/f]lsP s;/L cl3 a9\g] eGg]
k|ltj4 /x]sf] jtfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ePsf] xf] – ;d] t a9Ldf ;fthgf /xg] 5 g\ klg yfkfsf] egfO 5 . rfns ho/fd >]i7 sf7df8f}F lhNnf cbfntsf
eLif0f hgcfGbf] n g klg eGg elgPsf] 5 . dGqL cf]emfn] eg] # GofofwLz dx]zk|;fb k'8f;}gLsf] cfb]zn] ut r}t !@ ut] sf/fuf/ k7fOPsf
ljBf e08f/L, ;'htf sf]O/fnf h:tf ;lsG5 . ;' ? df hgk| b z{ g x¿ o'ykmf];s { f cWoIf dx]z a:g]tn] eg] .
dlxnfx¿ ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf /x]klg t/ pgn] k| l zIf0fdf j}zfvdf tLg hgf ;b:onfO{ dfq x'g\ . ;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf !^! df Hofg dfg{]
dof{lbt, ;+oldt / zflGtk"0f{ g} 8fsL sfo{;~rfng ;ldltsf] lg0f{o dg;fon] ;jf/L rnfpg] JolStn] s;}nfO{ 7Ss/ lbP/ df/]sf] cj:yfdf
pgLx¿ dlxnf clwsf/sf] ljkIfdf x'G5g\ . t/, dlt lalu|Psf zf;sx¿ k|wfg;]gfklteGbf tnsf hg]{nx¿
/x]sf] bfjL ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf dfq uPsf] bfaL u/] . cfkm"x¿n] u/L kl/ifb\sf] a}s+ vftf /f]Ssf u/]sf lghpk/ ;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b x'g] Joj:yf 5 . clxn] pkTosfdf :joDe' a;
To;af6 cQflnG5g\ / bdg u5{g\ . 5g\ . ;dfhsNof0f kl/ifb\ s f ;]jf ;ldltn] rfnsx¿nfO{ ;jf/L lgod ;DaGwdf k|lzIf0f lbg yfn]sf] 5 .
:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L s]bf/gfy clg zflGtk" 0 f{ hgcfGbf] n gx¿ dfcf]jfbLsf] k|ltsf/ ug{ ;]gf;Fu
zdf{n] lhNnfsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ of]hgf dfu]sf] pgn] atfP . /IffdGqL pkfWoIf bftf/fd vgfnn] k|To]s laxfg rfnsnfO{ l;+xb/af/ aUuLvfgfdf k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] 5 . k|To]s
hgljb|fx] df kl/0ft x'G5g\ . Tolta]nf tLghgfnfO{ cnu u/]/ sfo{;~rfng rfnsnfO{ xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg @ @ 306fsf] b/n] $) hgfnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbO/x]sf]
ljsf;sf] sfd cuf8L j9fpg] hgtfn] eLdfh'{g cfrfo{, 6Lsf/fd ljBf e08f/Lsf] bafadf ;}lgs
jtfpg'eof] . lhNnf lzIff sfof{no g]tT[ jn] r]g ckm sdfG8sf] kfngf ;ldltsf] a}7s sNkgf ;d]t ug{ pkTosf :joDe' a;;]jf ;ldltsf cWoIf wd{/fh l/dfnn] atfpg'eof] .
e§/fO{ jf zDe' yfkfh:tf slyt g;lsg] atfP . …;+:yfut ;xeflutf pxfFn] ;ldltsf] sf8{lagf rfnsnfO{ uf8L rnfpg glbg] ;d]t lgod agfOPsf]
?s'dsf >f]t JolQm k"0f{jxfb'/ v8\sfn] jl/i7 cjlwjQmfx¿sf] /fo dfUb}gg\ . ub}{ o'ykmf];{sf] n8fs' b:tfnfO{
klg b]zsf] ljsf; ug{sf nfuL lzIff k|lzIf0f lbPsf] ;}lgs ;|ft] n] atfof] . a]u/ a}7s /fv]/ u/]sf] lg0f{on] j}Btf atfpg'eof] . – lg/fhg kf]v/]n, k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg ldN5 ls
If]qdf ljsf; ub}{ hfg'kg]{ wf/0ff
/fVg'ePsf] lyof] . ljBfno Joj:yfkg
ldNb}g eg]/ klg ;f]4g} g\ . ;]gfsf
hg]n{ x¿;Fu o'ykmf];s { f l76fx¿n] e]6
/IffdGqLn] dfcf]jfbLlj?4 ;]gfnfO{
k|of]u ub}{ cfP klg jt{dfg ;/sf/
kfpFb}g,Ú vgfnn] eg], …vftf /f]Ssf
u} / sfg' g L xf] , o;df kl/ifb\ n ]
sfg'g;Ddt n8fOF n8\5 .Ú dGqL
b'ud{ df vfBfGg cfk"lt{df l9nfO
;ldltsf cWoIf l6sf/fd v8\sfsf] u/]5g\ eg]/ hgtfx¿ tl;{+b}gg\ . hgtfaf6 alxisf/ ul/Psfx¿sf] sf7df8f}F . b'u{d kxf8L e]udf vfBfGg cfk"lt{sf nflu ;dod} /sd
cWoIftf / lzIfs nfnl;+x v8\sfsf] em'08 ePsfn] o;sf] cfb]zsf] kfngf cf]emfn] kl/ifb\sf] lxdfno a}s
+ , glan,
;+3if{sf cfGbf]ngsf klg ;do;fk]If s[lif ljsf;, g]kfn aËnfb]z a}+s, lgsf;f gx'Fbf pSt If]qdf vfB ;Í6 a9\g] pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n]
;~rfng /x] s f] ejg pb\ 3 f6g ¿kx¿ / ljsf; x'Fbf/x]5g\ . @)#^, ug]{ jf gug]{ eGg] ljifodf ;'/Iff g]kfn vfB ;+:yfgnfO{ lbg] cg'bfg 9'jfgL /sd lgsf;f l9nf] ePsfn]
;df/f]xdf ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿n] lgsfoleq} klg dt aflemg yfn]sf] :6ØfG88{ rf6{8,{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}s+ ,
@)$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ng xf];\ of a}s
+ ckm sf7df08", PgcfO{;L, g]kfn ;+:yfgn] cfufdL c;f/;Dd cfk"lt{ ug{'kg]{ vfBfGg k'¥ofpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
lut;+lut k|:t't u/]sf lyP . @)^@ ^# sf] !( lbg] eLif0f / ;f] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . /IffdGqLs}
bafadf o'ykmf];{nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg a}+s lnld6]8nufotsf vftfx¿ utjif{sf] ;'?d} vl/b ul/;Sg' kg]{ Ps nfv kfFr xhf/ lSjG6n rfdnsf]
nf]stGq=== eLdsfo hgcfGbf]ng lsg gxf];\,
qmdzM PseGbf csf]{, klxnf]eGbf uPsf s]xL hg]{nx¿n] dfcf]jfbL /f]Ssf u/]sf x'g\ . kl/ifb\s} P]gsf] ;d]t vl/b 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] 5}g . b]zsf ljleGg efuaf6 g]kfnL pTkfbg dfq
s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] eg]– …;Qf?9 ultljlwsf] cfk" m x¿nfO{ ;" r gf bkmf *-%_ df kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o vl/b u/L ;+:yfgn] Pj+ ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] ;+:yfgdf hfkfgn] rfn' cfly{s
bnx¿n] zf;g ;Qf ub}{ cfPsf 5g\, kl5Nnf] u'0ffTds km8\sf] df/]sf] b]Vg ;b:o;lrjaf6 k|dfl0ft ul/g]5
;lsG5 . ;fob casf] cfGbf]ng pknAw u/fpg o' y kmf] ; { s f jif{sf nflu (^ xhf/ lSjG6n rfdn pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . cfufdL
pgLx¿n] g} nf]stGqsf] kl/efiff g]tfx¿nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] ;|f]tn] elgPsf] 5 . t/ ;b:o;lrj 8f= cfly{s jif{sf nflu Ps nfv P3f/ xhf/ cf7;o lSjG6n rfdn pknAw
a'em]sf] 5}gg\ .Ú g]kfnL hgtfn] cWoIf s= k|r08n] eg]h:t} lg0ff{os 5]jfª gfdu]n -z]kf{_n] eg] o;af/] -
/ clGtd wSsf x' g ] 5 . slyt atfof] . s]xL /fhgLlts bnx¿n] u/fpg] lgwf] eO;s]sf] ;+:yfg vl/b zfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . /fhwfgL sf7df8f}dF f
hgcfGbf]ngdf u/]sf] alnbfg / ;Qf sAhfsf] xNnf km}nfP/ /fHolj?4 vftf /f] S sf af/] _ a} + s af6 kq
To;sf] dd{ ga'em]sf sf/0f d'ns
' df nf]stGqjfbL jf ;+;bLo kf6L{nfO{ e08f/0f ul/Psf] vfBfGg oxL j}zfvleq dflyNnf] 8f]Nkf, h'Dnf, afh'/f,
xs{ t \ ug{ ;S5g\ – k| l zIf0fdf kfPkl5 dfq yfxf kfPsf] atfP . bfr{'nf / a}t8Ldf 9'jfgL ug{ g;s]df ToxfF ef]sd/Lsf] cj:yf l;h{gf x'g]
;+s6 pTkGg ePsf] dx/fsf] egfO hgtfn] hgcfGbf]ngsf] Tofu, alnbfg …a}+saf6 ˆofS; cfPkl5 dfq yfxf
/ jL/tfdfkm{t\ w]/} k6s ;Qf ;'Dk] hg]{nx¿sf] egfO{ p4[t ub}{ ;|f]tn] ;+:yfgsf sd{rf/L atfpF5g\ . vfB ;Í6 kg]{ b'u{d kxf8L lhNnfsf nflu
5 . nf]stGq ;kmn x'g g;Sg'df eGof]– To;}n] xfdLeGbf cufl8 kfof}F,Ú 8f= 5]jfªn] eg], …dGqLn]
o;nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ bnx¿aLr t/ ltgLx¿af6 af/Daf/ wf]sf / kl/ifb\sf] n]6/Kof8 / 5fk rf]/]/ ut jif{ nueu b'O{ nfv lSjG6n rfdn ;+:yfgn] vl/b u/]sf] lyof] .
u2f/L dfq kfP . ca eg] hgtf tkfO{x+ ¿n] g} pgLx¿sf] k|ltsf/ ug{
;fd'lxs k|lta4tfsf] cefj ePsf]
atfpF5g\, sfFu|]; g]tf 8f= z]v/ cfkm}F ;Qfsf dflns aGg] 5g\, o;nfO{ ;Sg'kb{5, o;df xfdL ;xof]u ub{5f}F . ;+ljwfg===
nu]sf /x]5g\, kl5 dfq o;af/] yfxf ;+:yfgn] k|To]s jif{ cg'bfg /fxt:j¿k @# lhNnfsf nflu vfBfGg pknAw
u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ToxfFsf sd{rf/Lju{sf t'ngfdf ;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{
o:t} ;}lgs d'Vofnon] d'n'ssf] kfof}
;+u7gsfF .Ú ;b:o / @ s/f]8 a9L
sf]O/fnf . …lg/ª\s'z /fhtGqsf] s;}n] ;QfsAhf eGg] 5g\ . lglZrt k|ltlSjG6n ?= b'O{ ;ob]lv 5;o cg'bfg ;'ljwf ;/sf/n] lbg] u/]sf] 5 .
5, cfdg]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf, zflGt, kl5Nnf] ;' / Iff Joj:yfsf] ;dy{g /x]sf] eGb} pxfFn] hgkIfLo
cGTo ubf{ h;/L bnx¿sf] ;fd'lxs ljZn]if0f;lxt pRr ;ts{tfsf ;fy ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ul/5f8\g] c7f]6 :yfgLo:t/d} u7g ul/Psf] vfBfGg Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] cfwf/df
k|lta4tf lyof] . To;kl5sf lbgdf ;+ljwfg / ;xdlt g} xf] . ;xdltsf tL If]qdf rflxg] vfBfGg kl/df0fsf] 9'jfgL nfut ;+:yfgn] lgwf{/0f u5{ .
nflu /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf] tof/L cj:yfdf /xg dftxtsf ;a} ug{'eof] . pxfFn] ;+zf]wgjfblj?4sf]
;femf /f]8Dofk to ug{ ;s]gf}F . u0f, aflxgL / u'Ndx¿nfO{ ljz]if ;+3if{sf] kf7 n]lggaf6 l;Sg'kg{ rrf{ o;sf nflu kf]xf]/ sl/a ?= a};¶L s/f]8 vr{ ePsf] lyof] eg] o;jif{
;+ljwfg;efkl5 s;/L cufl8 hfg] cfGbf]ngn] w]/} dlxgf s'g'{k¥of] .
;xdltsf] afws jt{dfg s7\kt' nL ;s{'n/ hf/L ul/;s]sf] 5 . ;]gfn] ug{e ' of] . c7f;L s/f]8 vr{ x'g] cg'dfg 5 . o; jif{ 9'jfgL ah]6dWo] ?= krkGg
eGg] :ki6 /f]8Dofk ePgÚ pgn] eg]– s/f]8 lgsf;f eP/ vfBfGg cfk"lt{sf] ;Q/L k|ltzt sfd ;lsPsf] 5 .
…;a} bnn] hgtfsf] efjgfnfO{ sb/ ;/sf/ xf] eGg] s'/f xhf/ k6s
ug{ ;s]gg\ .Ú pgn] bnx¿aLr
tTsfn ;xdlt sfod x'g hgtfsf]
k|dfl0ft eO;Sof] . t/, klg efG;fdf
¥ofn sf8\g kNs]sf bnx¿ / ltgsf
ljrf/ hut\sf] cnUu} uf]/6] f] ca #% k|ltzt /sd lgsf;f gePsfn] cfufdL c;f/;Dd rflxg] vfBfGg
vl/b / cfk'lt{ ug{ l9nfO ePsf] ;+:yfgsf gfoa dxfk|aGws ljhoWjh yfkf
ljZjf; u'Dg 8/ ePsf] atfpF5g\ . g]tfnfO{ n'6g\ kfP eof] . n'6sf] :ju{nfO{ atfpg'xG' 5 . ;+:yfgn] cg'bfg:j¿k k|fKt /sdaf6 vfBfGg cefj If]qsf
…nf]stGqk|lt ljt[i0f x'g] 8/ 5Ú pgLx¿ lsg eTsfpg rfxGy] < hgtfnfO{ ahf/ efpeGbf sd d"Nodf vfBfGg ljt/0f u5{ eg] ;'ud If]qsf
sf]O/fnfsf] egfO 5– …;+ljwfg hgtfn] ljZjel/ d] lbj; ahf/df Jofkf/Lsf] Psflwsf/ ahf/d"No lgoGq0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf
;dodf lbg ;lsPsf] 5} g . dgfpFb5 } g\ . zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf jt{dfg bfr{n
' f, afh'/f, ?s'd, hfh/sf]6 / aemfªh:tf b'ud{ lhNnf / s0ff{nL c~rn
;+qmd0fsfn eg]/ ;do v]/ kmfNof}F .Ú s7\k'tnL ;/sf/ tyf k|ltufdL / tyf ;f] If]q j/k/sf @# lhNnfnfO{ vfBfGg ;Í6 If]q dflgPsf] 5 .
ˆ8 @)^& ;fn j}zk|=fvsf= !@
sf= lh= b= g+ut] cfOtaf/
= !^#÷@)^#÷^$

!@ a'“b] ;dembf/Lsf] kfngf cfhsf] cfjZostf ;do–;Gbe{

Pd= nfld5fg] ‘d·n’
kbd j} l bs
g]kfnnfO{ Psflt/ @ ;o $)
jif{ b ] l v PsfTds / s] G b| L s[ t
u|fdL0f Onfsf x'bF } 7"nf] e"–efu cf]u6\g]
u/L g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] cfXjfgdf ePsf]
hgo'4df hgtf nfda4 xFb' } uPsf]
ePsf] 5 . cfh km]l/ /fhgLlts bnx¿
/ hgtfsf] b"/L a9\g vf]Hb}5 . hgtfsf]
ljZjf; u'Dof] eg] km]l/ bnx¿n] eg]
Pp6f o'usf] cGTo / csf]{ o'usf]
z'?jftsf] dxTj af]ss ] f] lgdf{0ffwLg
:f+ljwfg hf/L x'g s]xL dlxgfdfq afFsL
hgtf lhGbfjfb, hgljb|fx] lhGbfjfb
jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] Wo]o ;+ljwfg agfO{ b]znfO{ zflGtdf NofO{ gofF g]kfnsf]
/fHo;Qfsf] :j¿kaf6 5'§L lbnfpg' cj:yfdf s]Gb|Lo /fHo;QfnfO{ k'/fgf] h:tf] cj:yfdf b]z /xg] 5}g . hgtf ePsf] cj:yfdf gofF ;+ljwfg;Fu} b]z :yfkgfdf bQlrQ x'ge ' Gbf cfˆgf] s';L{ s;/L arfpg] eGg] dfq /x]sf] b]lv5 .
k/]sf] 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ lat]sf] !% jif{df 9fFrfdf rnfpg /fhfsf] b':;fx;af6 / bnsf] b"/L glhs Nofpg gful/s :jfwLgtftkm{ pGd'v x'g vf]Hb}5 . o;} ;a kf6L{ Psftkm{ dfcf]jfbL csf]{tkm{ x'Fbf;d]t em08} cfwfsf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf
g]kfnn] cEof; u/]sf] pbf/jfbL ;Qf /fhfn] lnPkl5 cQflnPsf ;dfhn] ev{/ ;DkGg u/]sf] wgf{ / 3]/fpm ;dodf tTsflng ;ft /fhgLlts g]kfnL gful/sx¿nfO{ pk]Iff ug'{ eg]sf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ PSNofpg] jxfgfdf
k| h ftGqdf cfwfl/t ;+ ; bLo /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx¿df lj:tf/} cfGbf]ngsf] dd{ bnx¿sf] kIfdf ePsf] bnsf] g]tfsf] ¿kdf sfo{ ubf{, zflGt h]h:tf xs{t / s'ts{ u/] klg ljb]zLsf] a'O{ r9]/ hgtfsf] cledt a'‰g
zf;gk|0ffnLdf ;lGglxt sdhf]/LnfO{ r]tgfdf clea[l4 ePkl5 /fli6«o ;+s6 s'/f la;{g x'bF g} . ;Demf}tf ubf{sf] ;dodf ePsf ;xdlt ;lsPg eg] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] xljuteGbf uPu'h|]sf] cj:yfdf o:tf JolQmx¿n]
To;sf] ;Ldfleq clwstd ;'wf/ u/]/ ;dfwfgsf nflu ;femf ;xdlt lgdf{0fdf g]tT[ jsf] ;+s6 M cfh g]kfnn] sltko clnlvt /x]sf / lnlvt /x]sf efjL lbg sf6\gk' g]{ b]lvG5 . jt{dfg ;/sf/ nfh} gdfgL ;+ljwfg aGg g;Sg];Dd
n}hfg'kg]{ cfjZos 5 . vf; u/]/ hf]8 lbb} tTsflng ;ft /fhgLlts /fhgLltsf] Pp6f rqm k"/f u/]sf] 5 . sltko s'/fsf] JofVofdf unt cy{ t eG5, To;sf] ljsNk lbg ;s]sf] kfOFb}g . ljz]ifu/L ;Qf ;jf/ sfFu|];,
ljut ;ft /fhg}lts bnn] ckgfPsf] bnn] ;femf ;xdltsf] cfwf/df cl3 cfwf ztfJbLsf] cf/f]x / cj/f]x, nufpFb} cfPsf] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf Pdfn]h:tf 7"nf bnn] ;/sf/df ;xefuL eO{ cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf cfˆgf] cf}sft}
j]i6ldlg:6/ df]8]nsf] ax'dtsf] a9\ g ] c7f] 6 sf ;fy tL bnn] cu|udg / k|ltudg, pTkL8g / kIfkftLx¿n] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] la;]{sf] h:tf] eO/x]sf] 5 . log} bnx¿ lxhf] /fhf u'xfb}{ b/af/df lalGtkq
;/sf/ cNkdtsf] k|ltkIf /xg] u/]sf] @)^@ ! % 3f]if0ff ug{ k'u] . ;ft ljb|fx] sf 3'lDtx¿ kf/ ub}{ clxn] g]kfnL lgwgkl5 dfcf]jfbLlj?2 gofF vfnsf] xfNg k'Uby] eg] cfk"m ;'/lIft ePsf] df}sf kfpgf;fy b/af/nfO{ wf/] xft
k/Dk/fut ;+;bLo k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t /fhg}lts bnx¿ cf–cfˆgf b[li6sf]0f /fi6« h'g ;+s6sf] lgsf; vf]lh/x]sf] 3]/faGbL ug]{ / 3'dfp/f] tl/sfn] nufpFb} b/af/nfO{ ;Qf];/fk ug{ k'Uby] . ltg} k|j[lQx¿ clxn] /fi6«kltnfO{
k|hftGq Ps jf csf]{ ¿kdf g]kfndf bnleq klg ljleGg njL / u'6sf] ¿kdf 5 Tof] ;+s6sf] lgsf; ca ;+ljwfg ;+ljwfg ;dodf hf/L ug{ glbg] if8\oGq u'xfg{ k'lu/x]sf 5g\ . /fi6«kltnfO{ u'xfb}{df ltgLx¿sf] clgi7 k"lt{ geP klg
hgpQ/bfoL x'g ;s]g . To;sf] ljsl;t x'bF } uPsf] gofF k|hftflGqs ;efaf6 lg:sg] gofF ;+ljwfgn] dfq klg x'g;S5 . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] eL/af6 n8\bf TofGbf] klg ;xf/f aGg ;S5 ls egL lbjf:jKgf b]Vb}5g\ .
oflGqs k|of]u g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df k| 0 ffnL / /fli6« o ;xdltsf lbg ;S5 . cfh g]kfnL ;dfhsf] oyfy{ zflGt k| s [ o fdf c;xof] u ug] { , h;sf] kl/0ffd ;Qf;Lg bnx¿ cfk"m ;+ljwfg aGg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{
kmnbfoL x'g g;Sg] s'/f xfd|f ljutsf cjwf/0ffx¿aLr ltj| 5nkmnkZrft\ ;dfj]zL rl/qsf] cu|ufdL hgtfsf] zflGtk|s[ofsf lj/f]wL dflgg]x¿n] ;Ifd 5}gg\ . ltgLx¿ g} tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg aGg ;Sb}g eG5g\ . t/,
cg'ejn] b]vfPsf 5g\ . ax'dtLo tTsflng g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf] nf]stGq OdfGbf/L;fy ;+:yfut ug'{ g} df} s fdf g] t [ T jsf] ;+ s 6 b] v fO{ lgsf; lbg] ts{x¿ cufl8 ;fg{ ;Sb}gg\ . t/, klg ljleGg s'ts{x¿ cufl8
k|0ffnLsf] gfpFdf cNkdtsf] zf;gsf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ /fHosf] g]kfn /fi6«n] ef]u]sf] ;+s6 ))& zflGtk|so[ fnfO{ aLrdf 5f8\g] z+sfsf ;fb}{ ;+ljwfg dfcf]jfbLsf sf/0fn] aGg ;s]g egL ljif jdg ub}{5g\ . o:tf
cGTo, dx+uf] r'gfjsf] ;§f ldtJooL cu|ufdL k'g;{/+ rgf ug],{ /fhtGqsf] ;fnb]lvsf] ck"0f{ qmflGtnfO{ k"0f{tf lbO{ emnsx¿ b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . b]znfO{ bGtx¿ uGxfpg] dfq xf]Og, j[4b]lv afns;Ddn] To:tf s'ts{nfO{ kTofO/x]sf
5}gg\ . lbNnLsf] e'ml;nf] 8sf/ hlt af]s] klg g]kfnL hgtfn] /fi6«, hgtfeGbf
r'gfj k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf, /fhgLlt s'g} cGTo u/L u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf / bnLo qmflGtsf] ;kmntfdf n}hfg cfd u[xo'4df wsn]/ /dfpg]x¿sf] jLrdf ljb]zLsf] ;'d;'DofO{nfO{ k|wfg ljifo ;Dem]/ u/]sf] afGtfnfO{ kTofpg]jfnf
vf; k|sf/sf] clehft ju{sf] ;]jf k|lt:kwf{df cfwfl/t ljut !% jif{ hgtf, b]zsf o'jfzlQm, /fi6«;j] s zlQm k|ToIf, ck|ToIf alnof u7aGwg agfO{ 5}gg\ . hgannfO{ a]jf:tf ub}{ ljb]zL a'O{ sfnfGt/df efn'sf] sGr6 kqm] h:tf]
alg/x] s f] l:yltnfO{ pN6fpg] klxn]bl] v cEof; ul/Psf] ;+;bLo / ljb]zL z'elrGtsx¿sf] ;xof]u b]znfO{ czfGt agfpg uO/x]sf 5g\ . x'g] lglZrt x'Fbfx'Fb} ca jt{dfgsf u7aGwg bnsf] egfO{ :jfy{eGbf dfly
cfjZostf j]:6ldlg:6/ df]8n ] sf] Joj:yfdf cu|ufdL / ;dfj]zL k|sl[ tsf] cfjZos /xg] x'G5 . xfn tTsflng of] ;dodf cfd ;r]t JolQmx¿ p7\g ;s]sf] b]lvFbg} . rfx] r'gfj u/fpg\, rfx] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk u?g\,
k|wfgdGqLo g]tT[ jsf] g]kfndf af/Daf/ nf]stflGqs Joj:yf :yfkgf ug]{ s'/fdf ;ft /fhgLlts bnsf] g]tT[ j ub}{ hfu?s gx'g] xf] eg] JolQmut :jfy{df jt{dfg\ s7\kt' nL ;/sf/af6 l;Gsf] klg efFlrg] b]lvFbg} .
b'¿kof]u cGTo ug]{ dfq xf]Og b]zsf] ;xdt eO{ ;ft /fhgLlts bnsf] g]tT[ j cfpg'ePsf k"jk{ w| fgdGqL Pjd\ g]kfnL nfu]sfx¿n] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yksf] nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw yk ug]{ / csf]{
;fwg ;|f]taf6 jl~rt >dhLjL ul//x]sf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / sf+u; ]| sf ;efklt sf]O/fnfsf] )^^ r}q lgwgaf6 df}sf 5f]kL cg]s xs{tx¿ hgfb]zsf] nflu lgjf{rgdf hfg] ljsNk ltg} :jfyL{ hdftn] cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f
cfwf/e" t ;LdfGts[ t ju{ n fO{ dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ j k|r08aLr ;xdlt & ut] ePsf] lgwgkl5 /fhgLlts ug{ ;S5g\ . t/, Pp6f JolQmsf] NofPsf] kfOG5 . To;sf] nflu ;/sf/ aflx/sf bnx¿ ;tL hfg ldNb}g .
pTkfbgsf ;fwgdfly pbf/jfbL ePkl5 !@ a'bF ] ;xdltsf] 9f]sf v'ns ] f] g]t[Tjsf] cefjsf] sfNklgs xf}jf lgwgaf6 pQ/flwsf/Lsf] l5gfemK6Ln] Pdfn], sfFu|]; / hgclwsf/ kmf]/d nf]stflGqssf] kf6L{ cfGtl/s ljjfbb]lv
k" + F h Ljfbsf] Pp6f km/flsnf] xfdLn] la;{g x'bF g} . lkmhfP/ hgo'4, hgcfGbf]ng;d]t g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf /x]sf] zflGt hgtfaf6 PlSnPsf ltgLx¿ cfˆgf] oyfy{tfsf] w/ftn lal;{P/ o:tf cleJolQm
;Ldf;Ddsf] :jfldTj / /fHosf )^@ d+l;/ & df ;ft /fhgLlts ))& ;fnotfsf kl/jt{ g sf/L k|so[ fnfO{ rf}af6f]df 5f8\g] b'i;fx; lbO/x]sf 5g\ . hf];Fu b'O{ ltxfO{ ;ef;b\ 5}gg\, sNkgfeGbf aflx/sf] h;n]
cª\ux¿df k|ltlglwTj u/fpgsf nflu bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ;DkGg ;dembf/L cfGbf]ng;d]tsf] t]hf]aw ug]{ ul/ s;}n] ug{ x'bF g} . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf cGtl/d ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug}{ ;Sb}gg\, ltg} kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|:tfj
klg j]:6ldlg:6/ df]8n ] sf] k|hftGqsf] o'u kl/jt{gsf] d"ncfwf/ /x]sf] 5 . k|ltudgsf/L tTjx¿n] v'nc] fd r'gf}tL ;+nUg /x]sf] kf6L{leq sf]O/fnfsf] NofpFb}5g\ . To:t} tfhf hgfb]zsf] s'/f ub}{5g\, ltgLx¿ :jod\ cfˆg} kf6L{
ljsNk vf] H g' k/] s f] xf] . To;df /fhtGqsf] cGTo / k"0f{ nf]stGqsf] lbg yfn]sf] s'/faf6 /fHosf] k'g;{/+ rgf l6ddf sfd ug]{ ;xsdL{x¿sf] cem ldnfpg g;sL hgtfaf6 gflËPsf] cj:yfdf 5g\ . g]kfnL sfFu|];n] ca of]
cy{ / fhgLltsf] sf] 0 faf6 afx] s :yfkgf d"n ljifo /x]sf] 5 . xfn x'gc' l3 ;+ljwfg ;efsf] jrga4tfåf/f 7"nf] e"ldsf o;df /xg] u5{ . :jo+ h'gLdf ax'dt NofP/ r'gfj lhTg] w]/} k/sf] aft eO;s]sf] oyfy{nfO{ o;/L
ljutdf g]kfnsf] hftLo Pj+ ;fF:s[lts /fhtGqsf] cGTo ePsf] 5 t/ k"0f{ ;f] qmflGtnfO{ k"0f{tflt/ hfg'cl3 tTsflng ljb|fx] L dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jnfO{ c?n] phfu/ ug'{ gkg]{ xf] . @)$& sf] cj:yfdf ca sfFu|]; cfpF5' ls egL
ljljwtfsf k|ltljDa /fHo;~rfngdf nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5}g . k"0f{ /fhg}lts cl:y/tf sfod /flv/xg sf7df08f}+df n}hfbf l6ddf sfd ;f]Rg' lbjf:jKgf dfq xf] . t/, klg p;n] tfhf hgfb]zsf] s'/f ub}{5 . oxL xf]
k6Ss} x' g g;s] s f] ;fdflhs, nf]stGqsf nflu /fhg}lts, cfly{s, lbg], k|ltufdL ;fdGtjfbL cjz]ifnfO{ ug]x{ ¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbL ePsf] cf/f]k b]znfO{ aaf{b kfg'{ eg]sf] . cf}sft ga'‰g] dxTjsf+Iffn] ;a}nfO{ Obd\ e|i6,
;fF:s[lts sf/0fn] klg g]kfnn] gofF ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts ;a} If]qsf hftLo k'glh{ljt ug]{ / cfˆgf] :jfy{sf nflu nufpg] ;+sL0f{ dfgl;stf /x]sfx¿ pbd\ e|i6 agfOlbG5 . oxL xljut ePdf casf] !)–!% jif{df sfFu|];n] s}of}F
k|sf/sf] nf]stflGqs ;+rf/tkm{ x]gk{' g]{ lnËLo ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg /fHosf] g]kfnnfO{ qmL8f:yn agfpg vlKk; cfh kf6L{leq ;nanfO/x]sf 5g\ . 7pFdf cfˆgf Ph]G6 klg gkfpg] cj:yf cfpg ;S5 . jt{dfgsf] ldNbf]hN' bf] /
68\sf/f] cfjZostf x'g uPsf] xf] . k'g;{/+ rgfdfkm{t\ ug],{ /fHosf] k'g;{/+ rgf ljb]zL lj:tf/jfbL ;f]r + nfO{ k"0f{ k/f:t g]kfndf o'4sf] ;dflKtsf] 3f]if0ff Jojxfl/s k|:tfj P= dfcf]jfbLsf] /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] k|:tfj g} Jojxfl/s, oyfy{jfbL
xfd| f ] b] z df )$^ ;fnsf] gofF ;+ljwfgn] ug],{ zflGt :yfkgfy{ ;]gf ug{ cfh k'gM tTsflng ;ft /fhgLlts PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|:tfj xf] . ;/sf/df sf] hfg], slt hfg] lgjf{rgn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] 5 .
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lgwf{/0f ul/;s]sf] x'Fbf cfˆgf] lx:;fcg';f/sf] pkl:ylt;lxt /fli6«o ;/sf/
cfGbf]ng ;kmn ePklg PsfTds / /fhg}lts bnx¿sf] ljutsf] a'Fb] ;dembf/LnfO{ bx|f];Fu kqmg tTsflng k|wfgdGqL lu/Lhfk|;fb agfO{ b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/]/ gofF Pj+ hgkIfLo
s]Gb|L| s[t zf;g Jo:yfdf s'g} kl/jt{g uNtLsdhf]/Lk|lt cfTd;dLIffsf ;fy cfjZos 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] ljs[t sf]O/fnfn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf] P]ltxfl;s ;+ljwfg agfpg ljlwljwfgn] cj/f]w l;h{gf ug{ ;Sb}g . gofF aGg] ;+ljwfgdf
ul/Pg . /fHosf k'/fg} ;+/rgfdf uNtL gbf]x¥ofpg], hgtf / ltgsf ¿k dflgPsf] ;+;bleq ul0ftLo lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfdf s'g} t'iff/f] lg0f{o x'g afFsL s}of}F cg'Ql/t ;jfndf hgkIfLo wf/0ff Nofpg}kb{5 . To;nfO{
cfGbf]ng/t hgtfsf g]tf k'u] klg k|ltlglw /fhg}lts bnx¿ g} /fi6«sf cfwf/df ;/sf/ km]/abn ug]{ ;f] gnfuf];,\ cfd gful/sx¿df knfPsf] klg cem;Dd s;}n] oyfl:yltdf kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sb}g eg] Tof] :jod\ ;dosf]
hgrfxgfcg';f/ sfd x'gs ' f] cnfjf jf:tljs kx/]bf/ x'g\ . ca pk|fGt km]/abnsf] nflu ;+;b\ vl/b laqmLsf] z+sf oyfy{tfdf ghfcf];\ elg xfdL ultn] aufpg] 5 . ;do anjfg\ x'G5 . /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] h;/L ;dosf] ultnfO{
hgtfnfO{ lr9fpg] / le8fpg] sfo{x¿ bnx¿aLr ;d:of pTkGg eP ;DalGwt k|so[ fnfO{ cGt ug{ ;dfj]zL rl/qsf] sfdgf ub}{ b]z / gful/ssf nflu a'‰g g;sL ;dosf] e]nn] aufof], To;/L g} ca klg s;}n] ;dosf] ultnfO{
g} eP . o;af6 zf;g Joj:yfdf tx / g]tT[ j txdf 5nkmn u/]/ ;+jfbsf] ;xdtLo /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] cfjZostf /fhgLlt ug]x{ ¿n] b]zleq gful/sx¿sf] a'‰g ;s]g eg] h'g;'s} 5f]6] /fhfx¿nfO{ klg ;do ga'‰bf gaufpg] s'/} eP .
;LdfGts[ t ju{ , lnË, If] q sf dfWofdaf6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ ] eGg] cfh k"j{/fhfsf] cleJolQmn] yk rfxgfsf] x]Ssf /fVg h?/L dfq xf]Og o;af/] ;dod} af]w ubf{ /fd|} xf]nf .
hg;d'bfon] ljb|fx] df efu lnb} uP / !@ a'bF ] ;dembf/Lsf] ;f/ cfh pk]Iff clgjfo{ agfPsf] 5 . clgjfo{ cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] ;8s cfGbf]ngn] ;/sf/ kIfsf] lbdfu olta]nf tfltPsf] 5 .
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' } egf];\ ljb|fx] ug]{ hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ s;}n] s'l07t ug{ x'bF g} / ldNb}g .
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gful/s p•og ;+u7g -cfOsfcf]_ sf] x' G 5 . ef/t / c? d' n ' s af6 n]vf;ldltsf] ;d]t ;xdlt lnP/ gv:sg] u/L ;dod} gLltut lg0f{o cGoyf dfGg x'bF g} . To;}n] casf] cfjZostf eg]sf] hgljb|fx] afx]s csf]{ af6f]
k|fjwfgcg';f/ d]l;g l/8]an agfpg] Pdcf/kL 5fKbf g]kfnL gful/ssf] tTsfn} j}slNks Joj:yf ug{ ;/sf/n] n]cf];, tfls km]l/ cs{ ljjfbdf d'ns
' klg b]lvFbg} . of] ztfAbLdf hgtfx¿ zf;ssf Kofnf aGg ;b}gg\ . zf;sn] h]
ljifon] oltv]/ gofF df]8 lnPsf] 5 . ;+jb] gzLn ;"rgfsf] uf]Kotf gx'g] l9nfO ug{ x'b“ g} . cfkmF} ;/sf/df /x]sf gkm;f];\ . Pdcf/kL 5kfOsf nflu To;} eg"g,\ h] u?g\ r'k nflu v'?v'? cf1fsf/L aGg sf]xL klg ;Sb}g . u'nfdn] dfq
d]l;g l/8]an kf;kf]6{ -Pdcf/kL_ ePsfn] hg:t/af6 ;d]t o;sf] hjfkmb]xL dGqLx¿n] klg cbfntdf klg ;do laTg nflu;s]sf] 5, tf]lsPsf] u'nfdL ug{ ;Sb5 . To;}n] hgtfnfO{ 5nsk6 ug]{ w"tx{ ¿nfO{ ;dfhaf6 gËNofpg}
af/]sf o;cl3sf ;a} lg0f{o vf/]h rf}tkmL{ lj/f]w eO/x]sf] 5, t/ o;f] ljrf/fwLg d'2fx¿df /fli6«o lxtnfO{ cjlwdf cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf] kf;kf]6{ kb{5 . aftn] ga'‰g]nfO{ nftn] ahfg}k{ b{5 . To;}n] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng xf]Og,
eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf Ps ljb]zL eGb} d f g] k fnn] cGt/f{ l i6« o Wofg lbP/ gLltut lg0f{o lng 5fKg] xf] eg] j}slNks af6f] gckgfO{ ljb|fx] jt{dfgsf] cfjZostf xf] . @))& ;fnb]lv cfh;Dd g]kfnL hgtfx¿
Jofj;flos k| l ti7fgn] ;/sf/L dfkb08aflx/ a;]/ tf]lsPsf] ldltkl5 dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ afWosf/L t'Nofpg' x'“b} x'“b}g, o;sf nflu ;/sf/L ljleGg sfnv08df plePs} 5g\ . of] cjlw cl3 / kl5 g]kfnL hgtfn] cfˆgf]
ah]6leq} /xL o;sf] 5kfO ul/lbg] x:tlnlvt kf;kf]6{hf/L ug{;Sg] pko'St x'G5 . o; k6s p7]sf] cu|;/tfdf ;]So'l/6L k|; ] :yfkgf g} ;+ljwfg agfpg kfPgg\ . ;fdGtL ;+/rgfn] hftLo lje]b, If]qLo lje]b, lnËLo /
k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . d'ns ' sf] /fli6«o cj:yf eg] 5}g . cfO{sfcf]nfO{ cg'/f]w Pdcf/kL 5kfO k|s/0fnfO{ glh/sf clxn]sf nflu pQd ljsNk x'g ;S5 . juL{o lje]bn] g]kfnLx¿ olt cfqmfGt eP ls pgLx¿ oyfl:yltjfbsf s'g} klg
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/ k|fljlws ¿kdf ;DefJotf x]//] lg0f{ o lng} k 5{ . g] k fndf gf] 6 , lkmtf{ kfpg'xg' 5
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cfPsf] xf] of xf]Og, To;af/] klg gful/stf, k| j ] l zsf k/LIff jf pkh k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg Ao'tF fpg] lbjf:jKgf / /fhtGqnfO{ Ao'tF fpg] rfnafhL /
l:sdsf] gfd cjlw Aofhb/ k' “ h Ls/0f k|k~r /Rb}5g\ . log} k|ltudgsf/L ;f]rnfO{ k/f:t ug{sf] nflu klg casf]
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