jif{ #, c+s #^, @)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/ (May 9, 2010) d"No ?= %.

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;/sf/ 3f“8f] eof] M ofbj cfGbf]ng bafpg lelhnfGt]sf] ;xf/f

;/sf/ lj36g o;} ;ftf

sf7df8f}F . dw];L hgclwsf/
kmf]/dn] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf]
hf/L cfGbf]ngdf g}lts ;dy{g
hgfPsf] 5 . /fhwfgLsf] hg;~rf/
cleofgdf cfof]lht cGt/lqmofdf
dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dsf cWoIf
pk]Gb| ofbjn] eGg'eof], …of] ;/sf/ g sf7df8f} F . PsLs[ t g] s kf u/fPsf JolQmx¿nfO{ ;k|df0f ;dft]/ c;kmn ePkl5 ca ;/sf/n] cfqmd0f ug]{ / l:yltnfO{ pQ]hs
le8\g ;S5 g 5f]8g\ ;S5 g t dfcf]jfbLn] Ps ;ftfb]lv hf/L /fv]sf] OHht ;fy ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 pkTosfsf k];]j/ u'G8f / cfˆgf agfpg] gLlt lnPsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL
;d:ofs} ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5, k"/} 3fF8f] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ e8\sfpg ;fj{hlgs ub}{ k|x/L k|zf;gnfO{ kf6L{sf] e|ft[ ;+u7gsf sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ 5 . ;|ft] sf cg';f/ ;/sf/n] aL;b]lv
eP/ a;]sf] 5 .Ú pxfFn] /fli6«o g;s] k l5 ;/sf/ cGttM a' e mfpg yfn] k l5 ;/sf/ pQm ljleGg ;d" x df ljefhg u/] / tL;hgfsf] ;d"xsf] u'6 agfP/
;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu lelhnfGt]sf] z/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . of] h gfaf6 kl5 x6] s f] xf] . zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf PsLs[t Nofpg] JolQmnfO{ ;/sf/L 9's6' Laf6
jt{dfg ;/sf/ lj36g clgjfo{ /x]sf] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] nfvf}F cfGbf]ngdf 3";k}7 u/]/ e8\sfpg g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] sfo{stf{dfly %) xhf/b]lv Ps nfv ¿k}ofF;Dd
hgtf ;8sdf ptf/L zflGtk"0f{ k|ltlbgsf b/n] pknAw u/fpg] gLlt
atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;/sf/ nf]stGq,
u0ftGq / ;+3Lotf la/f]wLx¿sf] cy{tGqnfO{ ;'wf/ ug{;d]t ;/sf/
cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf] / To; zflGtk"0f{
cfGbf] n gdf pkTosfsf
of] t l/x{;n dfq xf] M k|r08 lnPsf] 5 . ;8sdf zflGtk" 0 f{
cfGbf] n g ul//x] s f
u7aGwg ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg' eof] . c;kmn ePsf] pxfFsf] egfO 5 . sf7df8f}F . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] ;fFlRrs} cfGbf]ng ca ;'? x'g]
zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg, :yfgLoaf;Lsf] klg qmdzM ;+nUgtf atfpg'ePsf] 5 . cfd x8tfn :yug af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg v'Nnf d~rdf cfof]lht ljzfn hg;efnfO{ cfdhgdfg;dfem qf; km}nfpg] /
…c;kmn ;/sf/n] t'?Gt /fhLgfdf a9\ b } hfg yfn] k l5 ;/sf/ cfqmd0f / em8k ug]{ / o;af6
lxhf]sf ;xdlt kfngf ug{ / lau|bF f] -afF s L & k] h df_
;Daf]wg ub}{ k|r08n] b]zL ljb]zLsf] cfb]zdf geO{ cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] :jtGq lg0f{oaf6 cfdx8\tfnsf]
cQflnPsf] xf] . dfcf] j fbLsf] sfo{qmd :ylut ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLsf] cfdx8tfn :yugnfO{ sd gcfSg ;/ cfGbf]ng lx+;fdo eof] eGb} ;]gf
:jtGq ;|i6fx¿åf/f jt{dfg ;/sf/ lj36gsf] dfu
sf7df8f}" . :jtGq ;|:6fx¿n] jQmJo hf/L ug]{ cGo ;flxTosf/x¿df
cfGbf]ngdf ;]gf / k|x/L k|zf;gsf
JolQmx¿nfO{ 3" ; k} 7 u/fO{
cfGbf]ngnfO{ e8\sfpg] ;/sf/L k|of;
sf/nfO{ r'gf}lt lbFb} of] t l/x;{n dfq ePsf] jf:tljs cfd x8tfn ca ;'? x'g] atfpg'eof] .
nfvf}sF f] ;+Vofdf ;xefuL hg;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ k|r08n] s]xL ;'lsnf d'lsnf egfpFbf a'l4hLjLsf]
hgtfk|ltsf] l6Kk0fLk|lt cfklQ hgfpFb} To;sf] lx;fa lstfj hgtfn] Ps Ps u/L /fv]sf] atfpg'eof]
kl/rfng ug]{ tof/L:j¿k o:tf] sfo{
yflnPsf] xf] .
zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf nflu Pdfn]
jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] tTsfn lj36g / df]xg b'jfn, ch'g{ k/fh'nL, zf/bf/d0f c;kmn ePkl5 ;/sf/ lelhnfGt]sf] . cfk"mx?n] cg'/f]w ubf{ ub}{ zflGt;ef cfof]hgf ul/Psf] / zflGt ¥ofnL dfcf]jfbL lj?4 k|of]u ePsf] ;/sf/af6 aflxl/g'k5{ eGg] cfjfh
hgfb]zcg';f/ /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] u7g g]k] fn, lgdf]x{ L Jof;, cf/= ;L= l/hfn, z/0fdf k'u]sf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . eGb} k|r08n] ;'lsnf d'lsnf a'l4hLjL / s/f]8f}F ;DklQ y'kf/]/ lg/Lx hgtfdfly zf]if0f ub}{ cfPsfx?nfO{ Pdfn]leqs} /fi6«jfbL / qmflGtsf/L
u/L zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ ;xL lgisif{df xl/uf]ljGb n'O6F n ] , 8f= sljtf/fd >]i7, ;|f]tsf cg';f/ ;]gf / k|x/Lsf ;lRrg klg cfu|x ug'e{ of] . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL zflGt ;+ljwfg / gofF g]kfnk|lt k|ltj4 5 / o; g]tf tyf sfo{stf{af6 rf}tkmL{¿kdf
k'¥ofpg / hgefjgfcg'sn " sf] ;+3Lo dw';"bg lu/L, 5lj/d0f l;njfn, JolQmx¿nfO{ gful/s e] i fdf ljifodf dfcf]jfbL Ps O~r klg kl5 gx6\g] cWoIf k|r08n] atfpg'eof] . cfjfh pl7/x]s} ;dodf Pdfn]sf
cfd x8tfn :yug / cfufdL sfo{qmdsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg cfof]lht pQm ;efdf P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf
nf]stflGqs–u0ftflGqs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k'is//fh ;fOFtn ] L, cRo't l3ld/], hËj cfGbf]ngdf k7fP/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ jl/i7 g]tfx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfh l;+xb/af/ 3]/fp / k|To]s lhNnfdf
jl/i7 Pj+ oyfl:yltjfbLsf gfOs] s]kL
ug{ Odfgbf/L / uDeL/tfsf ;fy sbd rf}xfg, ljqmd ;'Aaf, /fhs'df/ s]=;L=, e8\ s fpg vf] h ] klg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no 3]/fpsf] sfo{qmd /fv]sf] hfgsf/L klg pQm ;efdf u/fOPsf] lyof] . cf]nLsf] 7f8f] lgb]{zgdf ;/sf/,
rfNg ;DalGwt ;a} kIfnfO{ cg'/f]w rÍL >]i7, kbd uf}td, /f;f, Ct' cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿n] pQm 3";k}7 -afF s L & k] h df_
u/]sf 5g\ . ;flxTosf/x¿ vu]Gb| cfl;s / ljho/fh cfrfo{ /x]sf 5g\ .
ljZj lrof
;ª\uf| n} f, /fdk|;fb 1jfnL, cfgGb/fd
kf} 8 ] n nufotsf @@ hgf
;flxTosf/x¿n] lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ o:tf]
cfu|x u/]sf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] zflGt /
jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5–
æ;fgf], ;'Gb/ / :jtGq g]kfn/fi6«
oltv]/ km]l/ 8/nfUbf] åGåsf] e'd/Ldf
kmF:b} uPsf]df xfdL :jtGq ;|i6fx¿
k]ml/ klg dfcf]jfbLs} hLt d~rdf g]kfn
sf7df8f}F . dfcf]jfbLn] zflGt / kmfObf p7fP/ hgtflj?4 hgtfnfO{ sdhf]/L 7fg] eg] 7"nf] uNtL x'g] rLg . g]kfn, rLg, ef/t,
;+ljwfgsf] nflu cfGbf]ng/t PsLs[t ddf{xt / lrlGtt ePsf 5f}F . oltv]/ ;+ljwfgsf] nflu jt{dfg u7aGwg le8fpg] k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf] if8\oGq /fhgLlts ljZn]ifs sf] 7DofO{ 5 . cd]l/sf, >Ln+sf, a+unfb]z, sf]l/of,
g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_nfO{ klg cfdx8tfn d'n's k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] ;/sf/ lj36g eO{ /fli6«o ;/sf/ / ljleGg If]qsf hgtfsf] dfunfO{ dfcf] j fbL g] t [ T jsf] hfkfgnufot lrof pTkfbg
lkmtf{ lng cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L -afF s L & k] h df_ u7g gx'Fbf;Dd cfGbf]ng hf/L /xg] hgcfGbf]ngdf :yfgLo hgtfsf] laqmLljt/0f / pkef]u ug]{ ljZjsf
g]kfnL hgtf bn klg ;/sf/sf] ljkIfdf
sf7df8f} F . PsLs[ t g] s kf ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– æb]z
atfpFb} cfd/fhgLlts x8\tfnsf]
sfo{qmd eg] :ylut u/]sf] 5 .
dfcf] j fbLsf] of] lg0f{ o ;F u }
;xeflutf a9\b} hfFbf ;/sf/n]
cfGbf]ngnfO{ bafpg Pskl5 csf]{
k|ltufdL lg0f{o ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] .
#% d'ns ' sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ljZj
lrof d~r ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
/fhwfgL a]Olhªaf6 emG8} Ps
dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/sf] lj?4 ;8s clxn] Oltxf;s} uDeL/ df]8df blIf0fkGyLx¿sf] if8\oGq rsgfr'/ u7aGwg ;/sf/sf] ;Dk"0f{ if8\oGqnfO{ xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ blIf0fdf kg{]
cfGbf]ng rsf{O/x]sf] ;dodf g]kfnL cfOk'u]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] bz jif{] ePsf] 5 . cfGbf] n gnfO{ cem lrb}{ hgtfsf] dg lhTg cfGbf]ng l;gofª ;x/df cfof]lht …@)!)
hgtf bn klg ;/sf/sf] ljkIfdf hgo'4, @)^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ng, k| e fjsf/L agfpg] eGb} p;n] ;kmn x'Fb} uPsf] lgisif{ dfcf]jfbLn] rLg lrsf]Ë kxf8 ljZj lrof
plqPsf] 5 . c;+j}wflgs ;/sf/sf] dw]z cfGbf]ngnufotsf ljleGg hgtflj?4 hgtf le8fpg] lgsfn]sf] 5 . cfGbf]ngnfO{ bafpg d~rÚsf ;xefuLx¿n] lrofsf]
s'g} cy{ g/x]sf] eGb} zflGt / cfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt ;+ljwfg;ef, k|ltlqofjfbLx¿sf] if8\oGq lrg{ ;]gf kl/rfng ug]; { Ddsf] lg0f{o ug{ pTklQ Oltxf; lrofn] hf]8]sf]
;+ljwfgsf] nflu ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bn ;+3Lo u0ftGq / ;+jw} flgs ;jf]R{ rtf cfdx8\tfn lkmtf{ lnPsf] hgfPsf] kl5 gk/]sf] ;/sf/n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;f+:s[lts / Jofkfl/s ;DaGw lrof
PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ PSNofpg' ;+:yfut gx'Fb} t'lxg] cj:yfdf 5 . cfGbf] n g cl3 a9\ b } ubf{ lx+;fTds agfpg 7"n} s;/t u¥of] . pBf]usf] lbuf] ljsf; /0fgLlt
b'ef{Uok"0f{ ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . zflGt k'lu;s]sf] 5 . zflGtk|lqmof tfls{s nfvf}Fnfv hgtf ;8sdf cf]ln{P/ cfGbf]ng lx+;fTds x'g] egL ul/Psf] ljleGg b]zsf] lrof ;+:s[lt lrof
/ ;+ljwfgsf] nflu tTsfn /fli6«o lgis{ifdf gk'Ub} ;+s6df km;]sf] 5 . u7aGwg ;/sf/sf] lj?4 vlgPkl5 uDeL/tfk"js{ lnFb} cfdx8\tfn :yug p;sf] Psf]xf]/f] k|rf/jfhLnfO{ c;To ko{6g cflb ljifodf lj1x¿åf/f
;/sf/ u7gsf nflu dfu{kz | :t ug{ xhf/f}F hgtfsf] alnbfg / s/f]8f}F ;/sf/n] lelhnfGt] d fkm{ t \ ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] dfcf]jfbLn] k|dl0ft ug{ cfGbf]ng ;kmn /Xof] . k|:t't sfo{kq 5nkmn u/]sf lyP .
jt{dfg ;/sf/n] tTsfn /fhLgfdf hgtfsf] ;+ 3 if{ a f6 k| f Kt cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ lkpg] atfOPsf] 5 . ;/sf/ / To;df clxn] ;Qfdf /x]sfx¿ o'4 ;~rfng rLgsf] k|l;4 dfcf]lrog lrofsf]
lbg'kg]{ g]kfnL hgtf bnsf cWoIf pknlAwx¿nfO{ 7"nf elgg] bnx¿n] kfgLdf ljif xfNg]b]lv hgk|ltsf/sf] ;xefuL d'Vo s]xL bnsf g]tfx¿n] ug]{ tof/Ldf nfu]sf]] hfgsf/x¿ pb\ud:yn / rLgsf] xl/of] lrofsf]
xl/r/0f zfxåf/f hf/L ul/Psf] afFb/sf] xftdf gl/jn h:tf] u/]/ gfddf cfˆgf e|ft[ ;+u7gnfO{ ;d]t eg] dfcf]jfbLsf] o:tf] lg0f{onfO{ …xf/Ú atfpF5g\ . o;sf] k'li6 eQmk'/ /fhwfgL eg]/ lrlgg] l;gofª
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5 . hgtf bn cfdg] k fnL hgtfnufot ljZj kl/rflnt u/]sf] lyof] . hgtfnfO{ sf] ;+1f lbPsf 5g\ . ;+;b\jfbL 36gfaf6 ePsf] ;d]t pgLx¿n] ;x/df cfof]lht dfrsf] cj;/
cWoIf xl/r/0f zfxåf/f hf/L -afF s L & k] h df_ kg{ uPsf] c;'ljwf To;sf] gfhfoh bnx¿n] dfcf]jfbLsf] of] lg0f{onfO{ -afF s L & k] h df_ -afF s L & k] h df_

k|jf;L ;+3;+:yfaf6 cfGbf]ngdf P]Soa4tf t];|f] hgcfGbf]ng / r'gf}ltx¿

sf7df8f}F . zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf hgtfn] ;'? u/]sf] bz jifL{o hgo'4 nflu e|fds k|rf/ ug],{ k|bz{gx¿nfO{ g]kfnsf] jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngdf k'ln;sf] 3]/faGbLaLr n's]/ a;]sf dfcf]jfbL_ n] /x/n] hgo'4 ;'? u/]sf]
nflu /fli6«o ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ u7gsf] / To;sf] andf 6] s ] / ePsf] layf]Ngsf] nflu ;Qf;Lg bnx¿sf ;a}eGbf a9L ljljwtf lbg ;kmn 5g\ /] Û klxnf] / bf];f| ] hgcfGbf]ngsf] lyPg . ;+;bLo /fhgLltdf ;fd]n
nflu PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] @)^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt sfo{stf{ tyf ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL clxn] hg;fu/nfO{ klg pl5Gg]u/L b;f}F nfv eP/ b]zsf] t];|f] 7'nf] bn ag]sf]
yfn]sf] t];f| ] hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ k|jf;L pknlAw / ;+ljwfg;efsf] DofG8]8nfO{ lelhnfGt] agfO{ sfo{ q mdx¿df ;fdGtjfbL, ;fd| f HojfbL / gful/sx¿ ;8sdf plqPsf 5g\ . tTsfnLg dfcf] j fbLn] b] z sf
g]kfnLx¿sf] ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx¿n] nft dfb}{ ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf] 3';k}7 u/fpg], ;j{;fwf/0fx¿nfO{ lj:tf/jfbLx¿ / pgLx¿sf :jb]zL g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} ;aeGbf a9L hNbfaNbf ;d:ox¿sf] ;dfwfgsf]
P] S oa4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . k|ToIf lgb]{zgdf ag]sf] s7\k'tnL cft+lst agfpg], slyt zflGt bnfnx¿nfO{ clglZrtsfnLg hgtfx¿ ljb| f ] x df plqF b f klg nflu zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ubf{ bdg
hgk|ultzLn d~r stf/sf cWoIf ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g ug]{, ¥ofnLsf] gfddf uf]nL rnfpg] / x8\tfnsf] dfWodaf6 cfˆg} 3/sf] ljutsf hgcfGbf] n gx¿sf] ul/of] . k'ln;n] dfcf]jfbL h'n';df
xl/gfy zdf{ stf/, pQd clwsf/L hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ lj36g ug]{ / PsLs[ t dfcf] j fbLsf g] t f tyf rf}3]/fleq aGb ug{ ;kmn 5 . pknlAwsf] ¿kdf cfPsf] ;Qfsf] t/ cGbfw'Gb xfg]sf] uf]nLaf6 3/df sfd
o'PO{, lul//fh Gof}kfg] ;fpbL c/]laof, /fi6« k lt zf;gdfkm{ t \ b] z nfO{ sfo{stf{x¿ tyf ;j{;fwf/0fx¿nfO{ dfl//x] s fx¿ ul//x] s L u[ l x0fLb] l v rf] s df
ch'{g wdnf ax/fOg / gj/fh
v8\sf Oh/fonåf/f ;+oQ' m ¿kdf k|; ]
u[xo'4sf] ef;df ws]Ng] if8\oGq
ul//x] s f 5g\ . k| l tlqmofjfbL
3fOt] agfpg] tyf ;+;bLo bnsf
b]z leq tyf b]z aflx/ /x]sf] e|ft[ If]Kof:q ax; cfGbf] n gaf6
;/sf/ 9n]
v]ln/x]sf ;ft jif{ afns clgif
zfSo / :s'naf6 3/ kmls{+b} u/]sf
jQmJo hf/L ub} { cfGbf] n gdf ;/sf/sf] oxL if8\oGqnfO{ lrb}{ zflGt, ;+u7gx¿n] u/]sf] cfdx8\tfn lj/f]wL
P]Soa4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . pxfFx¿af6 :yfloTj / cu|ufdL gof" ;+ljwfgsf] gLr xs{t / jStJoafhL Pj+ 3[l0ft efg' kf}8\ofn unt pbfx/0f
aGg] k|ltufdL
csf{ afns /fdaxfb'/ /Dt]nn] hLjg
u'dfpg' k¥of] . t/ tTsfnLg ;Qfsf
hf/L ul/Psf] ;+o'Qm k|]; jQmJo nflu s7\kt' nL ;/sf/sf] lj36g u/L sbd rfln/x]sf To;df dWok"j{ - s7\kt' nL ;/sf/sf dGqLx¿ 3/af6 / nË8f] ts{cl3 ;f/]/ s'Des0f{ lgGb|f ;jf]R{ r elgg] g]tfn] eg] …uf]nLsf]
o;k|sf/ 5– æg]kfnL hgtfdfly ;+oQ' m /fli6«o ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf] dfu stf/, o'PO{, ;fpbL c/]laof ax/fOg sfof{no hfg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . lgbfO/x]sf] gf6s ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfFvf x'bF g} sxfF nfU5, sxfFÚ . dfgjLo
cljl5Gg ¿kdf @$) jif{bl] v zf]if0f ub}{ j}zfv !* df ePsf] ljzfn / Oh/fon_ df /x] s f ljleGg k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf ;a}eGbf 5'Rrf] zflGtk" 0 f{ cfGbf] n gdf ;dflxt ;+ j ] b gfsf] of] :t/sf] Ifo
/ pTkL8g ub}{ cfPsf] ;fdGtL hg;ef / To;kl5 ePsf] lg/Gt/sf] k| u ltzLn k| j f;Lx¿sf] gfOs] v8\u cf]nL cfˆgf] 3/;d]t hg;fu/sf] w}o{tfsf] of] 3[l0ft k~rfotsfndf klg b]lvPsf] lyPg .
/fhtGqn] g]6f] sfl6;s] klg To;sf cfdx8\tfnaf6 cft+lst u7aGwg ;+3;+:yfx¿sf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f 5f]8]/ /Iff dGqLsf] lgjf;df z/0f pkxf;n] Nofpg] kl/0ffd cfw'lgs ;+;bLo cEof;df nfu]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf
cjz]ifx¿ cem} klg g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] cfjfhnfO{ ;'Gg'sf] ePsf] 5 . lng uPsf 5g\ . bdgsf/L csf{ sfnsf lg/f]x¿nfO{ w}o{tfsf] afFw hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ lu/ˆtf/ ul/of],
a'Vof"rf ag]/ t;f{O/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL ;§f cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg:t]h agfpgsf] -afF s L & k] h df_ gfOs] v'daxfb'/ v8\sf cfˆg} 3/df 6'6]kl5 dfq yfxf x'g] 5 . g]skf - -afF s L & k] h df_
ˆ2 @)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/
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– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª g]kfnL qmflGtsf] clGtd r/0f
gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] lgwf{l/t lg0ff{os df]8 xf] . g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
;dfofjlw ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fljgf g} k|s[ofnfO{ k"/f ug{ of] clGtd r/0f
;lsFb}5 . ;+qmd0fsfnLg cjlwel/
ckgfOg'kg{ ;xdtLo k|0ffnLnfO{
;ftfsf] ax; klg xf] . of] 3l8 c;fWo} ;+j]bgzLn
c;fWo} t/+udo / tLj| ;+qmd0fsflng
p6f{O{ d'ns' sf] /fhgLltnfO{ ax'dtLo
k|0ffnLsf] ;+;bLo kmf]xf]/L v]ndf
;ld/ ofqL 3l8 xf] . of] ;dodf 7Ls 9+un]
cufl8 a9g ;lsof] eg] g]kfnL
/fi6« 3 ftL u2f/ / bnfn tyf pgLx¿sf] nflu dfcf]jfbL cfh;Dd
kl/0ft u/]b]lv g} zflGt k|s[of / gf]s/zfx¿sf] of] lx;f+ cfh zflGt klg ;lRrPg . To;}u/L ljutdf qmflGtn] lg0ff{os ljho xfl;n ug{]
;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] P]ltxfl;s sfo{f/ k|s[of / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ;a}eGbf h:t} ;+;bLo oyfl:yltjfbLx¿nfO{ 5 . ca Oltxf;sf] gofF cWofo
cnkq kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . ca d'n'sdf 7"nf] afws ag]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hg– ;xdlt / ;xsfo{ s } k| s [ o fåf/f k|f/De x'Fb}5 . of] cj:yf g]kfnL
tf]lsPs} ;dodf ;+ljwfg aGg glbg] hgsf] gh/df s7k'tnLsf] ¿kdf cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0fsf] ofqfdf cem} hgtfsf] dxfg ljhof]T;jsf] cj:yf
jif{ #, c+s #^, j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/ @)^& / zflGt k|s[ofnfO{ efF8g] uDeL/ ;jf{lws 3[l0ft / lt/:s[t of] lx;f+ k/;Dd l3;fg{ ; lsG5 ls eGg] x'g5 ] . PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLåf/f 3f]lift
if8oGqsf] eofgs kbf{ v'Ng w]/} ;do cg}lts e|i6 / k|ltufdL rl/qsf p2]Zon] cgj/t k|oTg dfcf]jfbLn] cfGbf] n g ;Dk" 0 f{ ¿ kn] zflGt /
;DkfbsLo nfUg]5}g . olb g]kfnL ;dfh of] nf] e LkfkLx¿sf] em' 0 8sf] ¿kdf ub} { cfPsf] xf] . t/ k| e ' x ¿sf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] p2]Zodf cfwfl/t
if8oGqsf] kf;f] d f k¥of] eg] abgfd eO;s]sf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] s[kfljgf Ps ;]s0] 8 klg afFRg g;Sg] 5 . zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf lj?4
zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf] ;'g'jfO{ u/ cfh;Ddsf g] k fnL hgtfsf
alnbfgLk" 0 f{ ;+ 3 if{ a f6 k| f Kt
Pp6} dfq Wofg WofpGg 5 aGb'ssf]
andf hgtfnfO{ s'Nrg' / k'/fg} 9+un]
eO;s]sf oyfl:yltjfbL tTjx¿
cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0fsf] k|s[ofb]lv
eO/x]sf] if8oGqnfO{ c;kmn gkf/L
ca ;+ljwfg aGg ;Dej 5}g .
g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} olt 7"nf] / zflGtk"0f{ pknlAwx¿ t u'Dg]5g g} cu|ufdL
¿kfGt/0fsf] ;+3f/df plePsf] g]kfnL
hgtfdfly zf;g ug{' . o;sf] lgldQ cft+ l st x' g k' u ] / 3f] / hgd'vL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L zflGt
/ ;d[l4sf] lbzfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{
pgLx¿nfO{ hgtfsf] hgfb]z xf]Og blIf0fkGyLx¿sf] k| l tqmflGtsf/L
cfGbf]ng ePsf] lyPg . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ;dfhn] k|ltqmflGtsf] csf]{ eofgs k|e'sf] cflz{jfb rflxG5 . k|e'sf] xs{df h'6] . h'g ljGb'af6 cu|udgsf hg;d'bfosf] x:tIf]k / kxnsbdL
zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu ;'? u/]sf] sfn/fqL Joxf]gk'{ g{] 5 . Tof] l:yltdf
ljZj dfglrqaf6 xfd| f ] b] z sf]
s[kfadf]lhd rNg] s7k'tnLx¿sf] lj?4 k|ltqmflGtsf/L v]nsf] z'?jft clgjfo{ aGg uPsf] 5 .
k| l tqmflGtsf/L if8oGqsf lj?4
Wofg WofpGg;Fu :jfledfgL g]kfnL eof] ToxL ljGb'af6 g} zflGt /
zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf nfvf}F hgtf ;xefuL ePsf uf}/jdo gS;f klg ufoj x'g5 ] g. hgtfsf] cfsf+Iff / clenfiffsf] s'g} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|s[ofsf lj?4 hg;d'bfosf] x:tIf]k / kxnsbdL
5g\ . ;fob, ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf nflu olt 7"nf] 36gfqmdsf] ljsf;n] xfd|f] eljiosf]
eofjx lrq o;/L g} b]vfO/x]sf] 5 .
;DaGw 5}g . :jfledfgL g]kfnLx¿sf] if8oGqsf] z'?jft eof] . o;/L k'ug] eg] g]kfnL hgtfdfly csf]{
/Stkftk" 0 f{ o' 4 sf] ljlelifsf
k|ultzLn cfsf+Iff / b]zelStk"0f{ ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf] k|so[ f lgik|efjL
cfGbf]ng clxn];Dd ePs} lyPg . bf];|f] xfdL xfd|f] ;'Gb/ eljio zflGt / clenfiffsf] k|ltlglwTj / g]tT[ j ug{ aGg k'Uof] / zflGt / ;+ljwfg nflbg]5 . g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf]
hgcfGbf]ngdf sl/a–sl/a olt g} ;+Vofdf hgtf ;d[l4leq b]lv/x]sf 5f}+ . xfdL xfd|f]
pHjn eljio xfd|f] ;dfhsf] cu|ufdL
qmflGtsf/L zlSt / /fi6« 3 ftL lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ef/ w/fkdf kg{uof] . lj?4sf] o:tf] vt/gfs if8oGqsf]
u'?dGq0ff k|ex' ¿af6 eO;s]sf] 5 .
u2f/x¿aLrsf] ;xdlt / ;xsfo{ ca d'ns ' :jefljs ¿kn] b'O{ w'j| df
;8sdf pqFbf @)$ jif]{ lg/ª\sz ' /fhtGqsf] cGTo ¿kfGt/0fsf] k|s[ofleq b]lv/x]sf cfˆgf] cGtWof Pp6f ;Demf}tf g} w| ' j Ls[ t xF ' b } 5 . cfhsf] s7k'tnLx¿sf] rlt{snfn] klg of]
ePsf] lyof] . t/, nf]stGqdf nf]stGqsf] gf/f 5f}+ . zflGt / ;d[l4nfO{ cu|ufdL
¿kfGt/0fn] ;' l glZrt ub{ 5 /
lyof] . ljk/Lt lrGtg rl/q / ;+ l jwfg;efaf6 ;+ l jwfg aGg s'/fsf] k'li6 eO;s]sf] 5 . PsLs[t
dfcf] j fbLåf/f 3f] l ift
b[li6sf]0faLrsf] ;xsfo{/ ;xdlt s'g} glbPkl5 k}bf x'g] eLif0f kl/l:yltsf]
kmnfSb} ;Qfdf k'us ] f] Pdfn] ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0fnfO{ qmflGtsf] lglZrt ;femf Ph]08f;Dd dfq} ;fdgf ub}{ hgtfsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f zflGtk"0f{cfGbf]ngsf] dfWodåf/f
of] zflGtk"0f{ cfjfhsf] ;'gj' fO{ u/]sf] 5}g / ;'gj' fO{ lg/Gt/ k|jfxn] ;'lglZrt ub{5 .
cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0f;lxtsf] zflGt /
;Lldt x'G5 . ;xdlt / ;xsfo{s} ug{ cljef/f ca qmflGtsf/L ;8saf6 zlStzfnL hgbjfj ;[li6
ub}{ s7k'tnL lu/f]xnfO{ /fi6« /
aLrdf Psn] csf{nfO{ cfk'm cg's"n /fi6«jfbL tyf cu|ufdL zlStx¿sf]
ug]{ kIfdf klg b]lvFbg} . d'ns ' c:tJo:t / 7Kk ;d[ l 4 g] k fnL hgtfsf] ;' G b/ ;+3if{rln/x]sf] x'G5 . o; bf}/fgdf sfF w df cfPsf] 5 . k| l tufdL hgtfk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/Laf]w u/fpg]
5, hgtf zflGtk"0f{¿kdf ;8sdf plqPsf 5g\ . eljionfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{ Psdfq
cfwf/ xf] . To;}n] cfh o;sf] lgldQ
h' g ljGb' d f ju{ l rq Psfk;df oyfl:yltjfbL tyf bnfnx¿n] ;'wfg{] / cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0fsf] nflu
zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] kIfdf
lg0ff{os ¿kn] 6qmfpg k'U5 ToxL s'gk} lg xfntdf hgtfsf] ;+ljwfg
t/, ;/sf/nfO{ s'g} c;/ k'us ] f] 5}g . ;Qf;Lg ug{'kg{] ;Dk"0f{sfdsf] nflu lg0ff{os ljGb'af6 ;xdltsf] 8f]/L r'l8g aGg lbg] 5}gg . zflGt k|s[ofnfO{ nfUg afWo kfg'{ klxnf] ljlw xf] .
dGqLx¿ rf]/sf] z}nLdf laxfgsf] rf/ ah]leq} ¿kn] x]l/g] s'/f xfd|f] hLjgsf] cleGg
c+u aGg k'us ] f] 5 . t/ oxfF csf]y{ l/
k'U5 . xfdLn] b]Vof}+ o;aLrdf ;+;bLo tfls{s lgisif{df k'Ug lbg] 5}gg . o;/L klg dfGb}gg / s7k'tnLx¿sf]
3}+6f]df 3fd nfu]g eg] hgtfn]
oyfl:yltjfbLx¿sf] 3f]/ blIf0fkGyL t/ b] z eSt k| u ltzLn tyf
l;+xb/af/ l5/]/ cfˆgf] k'?iffy{ ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 dfG5]x¿ klg 5g h;n] oyfl:yltsf] lsQfn] qmflGtsf/L zlSt PsLs[t qmflGts/L zlStx¿n] h'g;'s} d'Nodf ;+ljwfg;efdfly x:tIf]k ug{afWo
lgw{Ss avfg u5{g\ . rf]/sf] z}nLdf k|x/Lsf] Eofg 8/nfUbf] s'O/Ld08n leq cfˆgf]
;'Gb/ eljio b]lv/x]sf 5g\ . To;sf]
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;lRrPg eg]/ h'g klg hgtfsf] ;+ljwfg agfP/ b]zsf] x'g5 ] g . / zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
kxnsbdL cfˆgf] xftdf lng]5g .
?jfaf;L ul//x]sf] 5 Tof] eg]sf] zflGt / ;d[l4 sfod ul/G5 eg]
leq n's/] l;+xb/af/leq aflx/ u5{g\ / lbgsf] lgldQ cu| u fdL ¿kfGt/0fsf] pgLx¿n] h:t} dfcf]jfbLn] klg /fi6« 5g\ . ;+3if{sf] ljsf; of] ¿kdf x'g] hgtfn] cfˆgf] clGtd clwsf/
pHofnf]df h]nsf] s}bL h:tf] l;+xb/af/leq k|s[ofnfO{ /f]Sg rfxG5g / zflGt
k|s[ofnfO{ efF8]/ d'n'snfO{ eofgs
/ hgtfk|lt wf]sf / u2f/L u/f];\ jfnf 5 . of] cj:yfdf ljleGg kf6L{df k| o f] u ug{ 5 g\ . of] k| s [ o f klg
zflGtk"0f{ g} x'g]5 . t/ zflGtk"0f{
dxfg ;lxbx¿sf ;kgf s'Nrf];\ /x] s f b] z eSt k| u ltzLn tyf
x/fpF5g\ / /ft k/]kl5 oqtq ;nanfpF5g\ . s] u[ x o' 4 sf] e' d /Ldf km;fO/fVg oyfl:yltsf] bnbndf efl;of];\ OdfGbf/ qmflGtsf/L zlStx¿ klg cfGbf] n gdfly bdg ul/of] eg]
;/sf/sf] sfd / st{Jo oxL xf], x/]s g]kfnLn] rfxG5g . pgLx¿ ljb] z L
dflnsx¿sf] cflz{jfbleq cfˆgf]
pgLx¿n] h:t} k|e'x¿sf] u'nfdL w| ' j Ls[ t xF ' b } hgtfsf] kIfdf hgtfsf] hgfb]zsf lj?4 pleg]
ck/fwLx¿nfO{ s] ug{'k5{ To;sf]
u/f];\ eGg] g} xf] . olb o:t} u/]sf] pleg]5g\ . /fi6«3ftL hglj/f]wL
cfjfh p7fpg yfn]sf 5g\ . s] ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] eljio ;'/lIft b]V5g / dflnsx¿s} eP pgLx¿sf] nflu dfcf] j fbL tTjx¿ Oltxf;sf] /+ u d~raf6 km};nf ug{ clGtd clwsf/ klg
zflGtk"0f{ cfjfhsf] ;'gj' fO{ ug'k{ b}g{ < s] ;/sf/ u' n fdLdf nDk6 eO/xG5g . ;lRrPsf] 7x{Yof] . t/ To;f] u/]g / kQf;fkm xF'b} hfg]5g qmflGtsf] of] g]kfnL hgtfs} xftdf x'g]5 .

zflGt / ;+ljwfgk|lt k|lta4 x'gk' b}g{ < x/]s

g]kfnLsf] dgdl:tisdf oxL k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 .
;/sf/ hgrfxgf / hgefjgfcg';f/ rNg'k5{ .
b]znfO{ slxn] d'lSt lbg] <
b' u f{ a xfb' / u' ? ª ;fwgx¿, UofF ; , d§Lt] n , / ax';+Vos hgtfsf ;d:of Ho'FsfTo" jn P;P;jLsf] cft+saf6 hgtf
g]kfnL ;dfrf/x¿ Psk6s km]/L vfg]kfgLsf] nflu nfO{gdf a;]sf /x] . log} ;d:ofx¿af6 pGd'lStsf] kLl8t 5g\ . l;dfgf ldlrPsf] ldlro}
;/sf/n] hgtfsf] zflGtk"0f{ cfjfhsf] ;'gj' fO{ ljZjsf ldl8ofx¿df 5fpg yfn]sf /fhwfgLaf;Lx¿sf] tl:j/x¿ nflu dfcf]jfbLn] hgo'4sf] xltof/ 5, g]tfx¿nfO{ dtnj 5}g . zflGt
ug}k{ 5{ . ;/sf/sf] sfo{zn } Llj?4 nfvf}F hgtf 5g\ . xfn ;+;f/e/L 5l/P/ /x]sf ljZjsf rlr{t ldl8ofx¿df b]lvFbf p7fof] . bz aif{ hgo'4sf] cjwLdf ;' / Iffsf] Uof/] 0 6L ug] { x ¿ g}
g] k fnLx¿nfO{ ljZjJofkL¿kdf g]kfn aflx/ a:g] xfdL g]kfnLx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbL / /fHosf tkm{af6 t]x| ck/fwLnfO{ arfpg p4t 5g\ .
;8sdf pqFbf klg lsg ;/sf/ ;QflnK;fd} k|;fl/t g]kfnL ;dfrf/sf] ljifodf g]kfnL eGg cK7of/f] dxz'; eO/x]sf] xhf/sf] Hofg uof] . b/af/ Psfy/L g]tfx¿ cfˆgf] kb / s';L{
s]lGb|t ePsf] 5 . hgcfjfhsf] ;xL ;'gj' fO{ ug]{ s'g} ljb]zL ldqn] k|;Ëjz lh1f;f 5 . oL ofjt ljifodf s'g} ljb]zLn] xTofsf08 / /fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;g hf] u fpgdf p4t 5G . b] z sf]
/fVbf cg'xf/ /ftf] agfpg' k/]sf] lttf] g] k fnLsf] gftfn] k| Z g ul/xfn] x' F b } u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf;Dd ;fj{fl} dstf, gofF ;+ljwfg, zflGt ;'/Iff
xf] eg] ;Qf / ;/sf/ 3'dL3'dL cfkm}F cfpF5 . t/, oyfy{ 5 . Tolt dfq geO{ g]kfnL hjfkmljxLg x'g'kg]{ nfhdbf]{ l:ylt cfOk'Ubf;Dd g]kfnL /fhgLltdf cem} nufot b] z sf hNbfaNbf
hgcfjfhsf] ;' g ' j fO{ gubf{ Oltxf;sf eg]/ kl/ro lbg ;d]t cK7of/f] 5 . O{ltxf;nfO{ kms]/{ x]bf{ s'g} ;do wldnf] kfgL alu/x]sf] 5 . ToxL ;d:ofx¿k|lt s'g} g]tfx¿ lrlGtt
dxz'; eO/x]sf] 5 . hn;|ft] sf] bf];f| ] la|l6;sf] ;+;f/e/L ;fd|fHo /xFbf klg wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfg{ s]xL b]lvPgg a? s's/' h:tf] ;a} cf–
lg/ª\sz ' jfbzfx h:t} ;bfsf nflu ljno x'ge' Gbf wgL b] z g] k fn ;jf] { R r lzv/ jL/ k'?ifx¿n] g]kfnsf] :jflwgtfnfO{ blIf0fkGyLx¿ ;nanfO/x]sf 5g\ . cfˆgf] JolStut :jfy{sf] nflu ;wF}
csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . cfh ;/sf/sf] lj/f]w ug]{ ;u/dfyfnfO{ sfvL Rofk] / 5' § } arfO /fv]sf lyP . s;}sf] k/flwg gofF ;+ljwfg aGg] cem} 6'u+ f] 5}g . emu8fd} Jo:t /x] . o:tf] cj:yfdf
klxrfg af]s]sf] / zflGtsf cu|b't x'g' k/]sf] lyPg . t/ cfh cfˆg} g]tfx¿ cfˆgf] kb hf]ufpgdf g} Jo:t klg xfdL hgtfx¿ s]xL ug{;ls/x]sf
hgtfx¿ c;n sfo{ ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] clxn] uf}td a'4sf] hGd:yn g]kfn xfn 3/leqsf] :jflwgaf6 cfqmfGt 5 5g\ . ;Ldfgfdf ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff 5}gf}+ . t/ slxn];Dd r'k a:g] o;/L <
PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jbLnfO{ ;fy lbPh:t} ;Qf;Lg cfP/ …g]tf / hgtfÚ sf] rk]6fdf g]kfn . xfd|f jL/ k'?ifx¿sf] alnbfg
bnnfO{ klg ;fy lbg kl5 kg]{ 5}gg\ . t/, hgtfsf] kmF;/] nfrf/L / nHhf:kb kL8f ef]Ug'
kl//x]sf] jt{dfg oyfy{ ;a}sf ;fd'
s] o:t} lbgx¿ b]Vgsf] nflu xf] <
JolStut nf]enfnr, htftt} xTof–
Ps s/f]8 ¿k}of“ a/fa/sf] sf7 a/fdb
;nf{ x L . ;nf{ x L lhNnfsf] 6f]nLn] pQm kl/df0fsf] sf7 km]nf
zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ of] of Tof] jfxgfdf bdg 5n{Ë 5 . r'Nxf]df afNg] bfp/f 5}g . lx+ ; f, cft+ s , aGbx8tfnsf]
kTy/sf]6–$ l:yt afpg] kf/] s f] lyof] .
UofF;sf] cefj To:t} 5 . lah'nL /fhgLltn] ca t cflh{t eO;Sof] .
ug]{ lbzfdf cl3 a9] /fhtGqsf] h:t} xfntdf alQsf tf/x¿df nf]8;]l8ª gfds o:tf] l3gf}gf /fhgLltaf6 slxn] kf7
vf] n faf6 PlkPkm 6f] n Ln] sl/a o;}u/L, ;z:q k|x/L an ;'/Iff
jt{dfg ;Qf;Lg bnx¿nfO{ k'¥ofOlbg] 5g\ . t;y{, efO/; nfu]sf] 5 . l8hn / k]6f« n ] sf] l;Sg] / cefj} cefjsf] bnbnaf6
(( nfv ¿k}ofF a/fa/sf]
;v' j fsf] uf] l nof sf7 a/fdb
a]; km/xbjfaf6 vl6Psf] PlkPkm
6f]nLn] lxhf] ;f]xL lhNnfsf] lk8f/L
cefjdf ;8sdf uf8Lx¿ s'b]sf b]znfO{ slxn] d'lSt lbg] < !)& jif{
hgtfsf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf] ;'gj' fO{ ub}{ zflGt 5} g g . ut !* lbgsf] aGb / /f0ffx¿n] ;Qf lnK;fsf] dgf]jl[ Qaf6 u/]sf] 5 . ;z:q k|x/L an ;'/Iff eGg] :yfgaf6 a/fdb u/]sf] l;;f}sf]
/ ;+ljwfgsf nflu PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLh:t} x8tfnn] hghLjg cem} si6s/ g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ r';] . ttkZrft j] ; xl/jgaf6 vl6Psf] PlkPkm
6f]nL / :yfgLo k|x/Ln] lxhf] ;fFem
;ft yfg tyf leS;sf] Ps yfg
uf]lnof sf7;lxt 6fo/ uf8f /
ag]sf] 5 . Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ yf]k/]sf] #) jif{ k~rx¿n] dgf]dfgL u/] .
b]z / hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/ x'bF } /fli6«o ;/sf/ dxËLn] g]kfnLx¿sf] hghLjg olt 5ofln; ;fndf k|hftGq cfof] . a/fdb u/] s f] pNn] l vt d" N o b'O{j6f /fFuf cfjZos sf/jfxLsf]
u7gsf nflu ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;xdt eofej eO;Sof] dfgf}+ s'g} a]nf /l;of lgb{nsf] ;§f jx'bn zAb ;+ljwfgdf a/fa/sf] b' O { ;o cf7 yfg
;v' j fsf] uf] l nof sf7 lxh}
nflu pQm jg sfof{nodf a'emfOPsf]
5. Ps ;ftfleq} ;nf{xLsf]
ljv08g ePsf] a]nf /l;ofdf / vf8L /flvof] / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] 9f]+u
x'gk} 5{ . o;}df b]z, hgtf / bnx¿sf] ;d]t lxt o'4 tfsf O/fsdf emf]nf e/Lsf] k};fn] ul/of] . /fhtGqsf cf;] k f;] / cfjZos sf/jfxLsf] nflu lhNnf ljleGg :yfgaf6 @# s/f] 8
x'g5] . t;y{ jt{dfg ;/sf/n] ;do 5Fb} ;f]Rg'k5{F emf]nf e/Lsf] ;dfg lsGg g;s]sf] bnx¿sf g]tf, ltgsf gftfuf]tf jg sfof{no ;nf{xLdf a'emfOPsf] ¿k} o fF e Gbf a9Lsf] ;v' j f tyf
l:ylt h:tf] . To:tf] cj:yf g]kfndf afx]s c¿ s;}nfO{ k|hftGq cfPf\ . 5 . jg kF m 8fgL u/L cj} w ¿kn] vo/sf] uf]lnof sf7 ;z:q k|x/L
cGoyf k5'tfpg'afx]s cGo ljsNk 5}g . cfP s'g} cgf}7f] gdfGg'kg{] x'G5 . e| i 6frf/ km:6fof] / b] z df ?v s6fg u/]/ T o; 7fpFdf hDdf an;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] o;cl3 a/fdb
O{Gwg eg{nfOgdf a;]sf ;jf/L gjwgf9ox¿sf] pbo eof] . ul//fv] s f] cj:yfdf PlkPkm ul/;s]sf] 5 .
@)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ3
cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L 9·n] cufl8 a9fp“5f}“ k|e' ;fx, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o– P= g]skf dfcf]jfbL
xfdLdflysf] cfqmd0fn] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cfGbf]ngsf/Ldfly bdg u/]sf] 5 . klg zlQmn] /f]Sg ;Sb}g . cfGbf]ng 5 eGg'x'G5, ;/sf/ klg kl5
emg} an k'¥ofpF5 . cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem ;/sf/sf] /0fgLltnfO{ a'em]/ xfdL cufl8 3lge"t 9Ën] cufl8 a9\5 . x6\ g ] kIfdf 5} g , o:tf]
k|efjsf/L 9Ën] cufl8 a9fP/ dfq a9\g ;Sof}F eg] xfd|f] cfGbf]ngnfO{ s'g} ) tkfO{x+ ¿ cfˆgf] hLt ;'lglZrt cj:yfdf cfGbf] n g s;/L
s7\kt' nL kmfl;:6 ;/sf/nfO{ 3'8F f lg0ff{ o s df] 8 df k' U 5 <
6]sfpg ;lsG5 . hlta]nf of] u7aGwg ;/sf/ u7g eof], Oltxf;df hlxn] klg hgtfn]
) b] z sf] ljleGg 7fpF d f lht]sf 5g\ . ;Tosf] lht ;'lglZrt
tkfO{ + x ¿sf] cfGbf] n glj?4 Tolta]nfb]lv g} zflGt / ;+ljwfg clglZrt 5, hgtf clxn] cfˆgf] dfu k"/f
wfld{ s b:tf kl/rfng u/] / u/fpg ;8s ;+3if{df 5g\ . Oltxf;df
;/sf/n] st} d' n ' s nfO{ ePsf] ljZn]if0f rf}tkmL{¿kdf ul/Psf] lyof] . d'¶Le/ k|ltlqmofjfbL / lelhnfGt]x¿n]
u[xo'4tkm{ ws]Ng vf]h]sf] t Tof] s'/f clxn] cfP/ k'li6 ePsf] 5 . of] xf/]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] p7fPsf] d'2f
xf] O g < j:t'jfbL 5 . xfd|f] cfGbf]ng ;/sf/n]
hlta]nf of] u7aGwg ;/sf/ u7g ;/sf/ zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof ;f]r] / k|rf/ u/]eGbf pN6f] u/L
eof], Tolta]nfb]lv g} zflGt / ;+ljwfg cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] 7"nf]
clglZrt ePsf] ljZn] i f0f k"/f x'g glbg] if8\oGqdf nfu]sf] 5 . ;xeflutfaf6 cQflnP/ ;/sf/n]
rf}tkmL{¿kdf ul/Psf] lyof] . Tof] s'/f cfGbf]ngsf qmddf ePsf ljleGg xfd|f] cfGbf]ngnfO{ e8\sfpg lelhnfGt]
clxn] cfP/ k'li6 ePsf] 5 . of] ;/sf/ kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] h:tf]
zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof k"/f 36gfx¿n] klg o;nfO{ k'li6 ub{5 . xTs08f ckgfP klg of] hgtfsf]
x'g glbg] if8\oGqdf nfu]sf] 5 . dfemdf gflËO;s]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] hLt
cfGbf]ngsf qmddf ePsf ljleGg d'ns
' nfO{ k'gM åGådf kmsf{pg] if8\oGqdf of] ;'lglZrt 5 . ;/sf/ unt 9Ën]
36gfx¿n] klg o;nfO{ k'li6 ub{5 . ;/sf/ nfu]sf] 5 . cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . aQL klg lgEg]
d' n ' s nfO{ k' g M åGådf kmsf{ p g] a]nfdf cln a9L pHofnf] x'G5 . of]
if8\oGqdf of] ;/sf/ nfu]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ ToxL lgEg] a]nfsf] aQL xf] .
) ;/sf/n] tkfO{+x¿sf] cfGbf]ng ljgfzsf] a]nfdf o:t} x'G5 .
;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL layf]Ng lelhnfGt] kl/rfng
u/]sf] s'/f aflx/ cfO/x]sf] 5,
;/sf/n] h:tf] xTs08f ckgfP klg of] ) tkfO{ + 3fOt] cj:yfdf
c:ktfndf x' g ' x ' G 5,
) tkfO{ + cfGbf] n gsf] qmddf agfP/ dfq s'Des0f{h:tf] ;/sf/sf] o:tf] cj:yfdf cfGbf]ngnfO{ hgtfsf] dfemdf gfl·O;s]sf] 5 . cfGbf]ngdf nfda4 eO/x]sf
3fOt] x' g ' e Psf] 5 ;/sf/ sfgdf cfjfh k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 . s;/L cufl8 a9fpg'x'G5 < ;fyLx¿nfO{ s] eGg
zflGtk" 0 f{ cfGbf] n g ;' g ' j fO{ To;sf/0f xfdL cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem} ;/sf/n] cfˆgf e|ft[ ;+u7gsf hgtfsf] hLt ;'lglZrt 5 . ;/sf/ rfxg' x ' G 5 <
ug]{ kIfdf b]lvPsf] 5}g o; k|efjsf/L 9Ën] cufl8 a9fpF5f}F . o'jfx¿nfO{ lelhnfGt]sf] ¿kdf unt 9·n] cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . aQL klg k| l tlqmofjfbLx¿n] ;TonfO{
ljifodf s] eGg'x'G5 ) tkfO{+h:tf] lhDd]jf/ g]tfdfly kl/rflnt u/]sf] 5 . h:tf] jL/uGhdf bafpg] s' r ] i 6f u/] s f 5g\ .
nf] s tGqjfbL eGg] ;/sf/n] t ;/sf/ cfqmd0fdf plqof] ;/sf/n] lxGb'jfbLsf] gfddf xfd|f] lgEg] a]nfdf cln a9L pHofnf] x'G5 . of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem ;zQm 9Ën] cufl8
hgtfsf] cfjfhnfO{ a'‰5 eGg] xfd|f] eg] hgtfdfly ;/sf/ s;/L lzlj/dfly k|x/L nufP/ cfqmd0f a9fP/ ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] d'lQmsf nflu
ljZjf; lyof] . t/, ;8sdf nfvf}F k|:t't xf]nf < u¥of] . o;/L g} b]zel/ ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] ;/sf/ ToxL lgEg] a]nfsf] aQL xf] . cufl8 a9\g d clkn ub{5' . To;sf]
hgtf lgl:sFbf klg ;/sf/ ;+jb] gxLg ;/sf/sf] of]hgf eg]sf] h;/L klg lelhnfGt] /a}of b]vfPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] ljgfzsf] a]nfdf o:t} x'G5 . nflu xfd|f] g]tT[ j txnfO{ d ljz]if
ag]sf] 5 . cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem ;zQm cfGbf] n gnfO{ lg:t] h kfg' { xf] . k| l tsf/sf] gfddf k| x /Ln] cfu|x klg ub{5' .

;/sf/ u[xo'4 lgDTofpg vf]Hb}5 w|'jnfn >]i7, jl/i7 ;'/Iffljb\

) P= g] s kf dfcf] j fbLn] u/] s f] e/df ;8sdf cfP/ zflGtk"j{s hgtfx¿sf] zlQm xf] . To;sf/0f of] k| w fgdGqL dfwjs' d f/ g] k fnn]
cfGbf] n gnfO{ tkfO{ + n ] s;/L cfˆgf] dfunfO{ cufl8 ;f/] s f ljzfn hgzlQmnfO{ sdhf]/ 7fGg' /fhLgfdf lbg'sf] csf]{ ljsNk g} 5}g .
x] g ' { e Psf] 5 . cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldPsf g]tf, sfo{stf{ x'Gg . cfh k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ ) P= g] s kf dfcf] j fbLsf ]
P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] cfGbf]ng tyf cfdhgtfdfly hfO{ nfUg] g]kfnL g]kfnn] of] ljzfn hgzlQmnfO{ cfd/fhgLlts x8\tfnn] ubf{
Psbd} ;+od, zflGtk"0f{ ePsf] 5 . ;]gf xf]Og . a[xt\ zflGt;Demf}tf / cjd"Nog ug'{eof] eg] hLjge/ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfn] ;fx|} b'Mv
of] cfGbf]ngdf g]tf sfo{stf{ tyf cGtl/d ;+ l jwfgljk/Lt g] k fnL k5'tfpg'sf] ljsNk s]xL x'g] 5}g . kfPsf] u' g f;f] ug{ yfn] s f]
hgtfx¿n] u/]sf] ;+odnfO{ P= g]skf ;]gfx¿ d}bfgdf cfpg] 5}gg eGg] To;sf/0f pxfFn] ;dod} ljrf/ u/L 5 . o;af/] tkfO{ + s f] egfO
dfcf]jfbLsf] 7"nf] pknlAwsf] ¿kdf d}n] a'em]sf] 5' . cfˆgf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿;Fu a;L s:tf] xf] n f <
lnPsf] 5' . b] z L ljb] z L, ) g]kfnL ;]gf ;8sdf 5nkmn u/L u[xo'4af6 b]znfO{ xf], ;+;f/s} Oltxf; x]g;
{' \ o'4sf]
dfgjclwsf/jfbLx¿n] klg o;nfO{ cfOxfNof] eg] s] x'G5 t < hf] u fpg / g] k fnL hgtfnfO{ ;dodf ;j{ ; fwf/0f
;+;f/d} gePsf] pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf dnfO{ ljZjf; 5, ;/sf/n] eg]s} ;Ddflgt u/L ;dod} /fhLgfdf lbg' hg;d'bfonufot, ;a}n] b'Mv kfpFb
lnPsf] 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf tyf e/df ;]gf ;8sdf cfpg] 5}g . olb g} pxfFsf] ef]lnsf] ;'/lIft /fhgLltsf] 5g\ . t/, xfd|f] d'n'sdf c? b]zsf]
sfo{stf{ / hgtfx¿nfO{ ;fFRr} g} ;]gf ;8sdf cfOxfNof] eg], b]zdf kl/ro x'g]5 . cfGbf]ng / xfd|f] b]zsf] cfGbf]ngdf
wGojfb lbg'kb{5 . csf]{] hgcfGbf]ng x'g]5 / P= g]skf ) jt { d fg ;/sf/ ef/tsf ] km/s 5 . c? b]zdf uf]naf/Lsf]
) 7fpF 7 fpF d f k| l tsf/sf] ¿kdf dfcf]jfbLsf] zlQmnfO{ /f]Sg g]kfnL Ozf/fdf lxF8]sf] 5 klg eGg] cfGbf]ng x'g] u/]sf] 5 eg] xfdLsxfF
g] s fF / Pdfn] s f e| f t[ ;]gfnfO{ klg xDd]xDd] x'G5 / b]z u/]sf 5g\ s] of] ;To xf] ljzfn hg;d"xsf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng
;+ u 7gx¿n ] dfcf] jjfbLsf fbLsf ] Wj:t x'G5 . g]kfn bf];|f] ;f]dflnof g]kfn b'O{ 7"nf7"nf 9'Ëfsf] aLrsf] ePsf] 5 . o:tf] cfGbf]ng P= g]skf
cfGbf] n gnfO{ ljkmn kfg{ gxf]nf klg eGg ;lsGg, h;n] ubf{ t?n h:t} xf] cyf{ t \ g] k fnsf] dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿n]
u/] s f] k| l tsf/nfO{ tkfO{ + hgtfn] ;f/} g} b'Mv kfpg]5g\ . blIf0fdf ef/t / pQ/df ljzfn b]z cfdgful/ssf] lxtnfO{ ljrf/ u/L
jl/i7 ;' / Iffljb\ s f] gftfn] ) To;f] eP o;sf] ljsNk s] rLgsf] aLrdf /x] s f] b] z xf] . vfBfGg, UofF;sf uf8L -vfgf ksfpg]
s;/L x] g ' { e Psf] 5 < t < g]kfnnfO{ b'j} b]zn] / cGo b]zn] UofF;_ b"w, t/sf/L, kfgLh:tf clt
k|ltsf/ eg]sf] g} cj/f]w xf] . d}n] klxnf klg eg]s} x',F ;/sf/nufot cfˆgf] /fhgLlts qmL8f:yn agfpg cfjZos j:t'sf uf8Lx¿nfO{ rf}aL;}
To;sf/0f g]sfF / Pdfn]n] u/]sf] ;a}n] Ps sbd kl5 x6\g' g} k5{ . o;sf] vf]h]sf] klg 5 / agfO{ klg /fv]s} 306f lagf/f]s6f]s v'nf ul/lbg' kb{5 x'Gg / o;}df ;a}sf] lxt x'G5 . @! cfk;L ;b\efj / ;dembf/Lcg'¿k
k|ltsf/ /fd|f] xf]Og . o;n] u[xo'4 csf]{ ljsNk g} 5}g . bz bnsf] gfd 5g\ . To;sf] pbfx/0f g} k|wfgdGqL eGg] d]/f] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . P= g]skf cf}F ztfAbLcg'¿k ef/t ;/sf/n] hfg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . csf]{tkm{ xfd|f]
lgDTofpF5 . of] s'/f g]sfF / Pdfn]sf lnP/ b]z / hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbg] sfd dfwjs'df/n] /fhLgfdf glbg'nfO{ lng dfcf]jfbLn] xfnnfO{ cfdx8\tfn klg g]kfnL hgtf / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] b]zsf] l:y/ /fhgLlt geP/ klg /
jl/i7 g]tfx¿n] ga'em]sf xf]Ogg\, ;/sf/n] ug'{ x'Gg . ;lsG5 . xfdLn] b'j} b]znfO{ cK7\of/f] :ylut u/]sf] 5 . of] p;sf] b]z / dfunfO{ a'emL lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . ;dembf/L sfod ug{ gkfpFbf klg
a'em]/ klg pxfFx¿n] u[xo'4 lgDTofpg ) k| w fgdGqL dfwjs ' d f/ kg]{ u/L s'g} klg sfd ug'{ x'Gg / tL hgtfk|ltsf] bfloTjaf]wsf] gd'gf xf] . ) ef/tn ] g] k fnsf ] s} o g ;d:of x'g uPsf] xf] . l:y/ /fhgLlt
vf]h]sf] xf] . pxfFx¿n] u/]sf] of] g]kfnn] bz bnsf] gfd lnP/ b'j} b]zn] klg s] a'‰g'k5{ eg] cfˆgf] ) ef/t ;/sf/n] !(%) sf] e" l dx¿ ldr] s f] 5, o;af/] x'gf;fy lgZro klg ;dod} ;d:of
k|ltsf/nfO{ aGb ug'{ ePg eg] o;n] ;/sf/af6 /fhLgfdf glbg] :jfy{sf] nflu g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;lGwnfO{ @! cf}F ztfAbLcg'¿k jl/i7 ;' / Iffljb\ s f] gftfn] ;dfwfg x'g] d}n] b]v]sf] 5' .
b]zdf u[xo'4 x'G5 . u[xo'4 eof] eg] eg]/ lxFl8/xg'ePsf] 5 lg cv08tf / zflGt vnalng] lsl;dn] g] k fn / g] k fnL hgtfsf] tkfO{+ s] eGg'x'G5 < ) P= g] s kf dfcf] j fbLn]
pxfFx¿n] of] o'4nfO{ /f]Sg vf]h] klg x]g'{;\, hgzlQm eg]sf], aGb's, s'g} klg sfd ug'{ x'Gg . !(%) sf] dfucg';f/ k'glj{rf/ / g]kfnL ef/tn] lgZro klg g]kfnsf cfdx8\tfn :ylut u/]sf]5, o;
/f]Sg ;Sg]5}gg\ . To;sf/0f ;dod} uf]nLaf/Lx¿eGbf 7"nf] xltof/ / ;lGwnfO{ cufl8 ;f/L ef/tn] klg hgtfsf] lxtcg' ¿ k ;+ z f] w g s}og efudf g]kfnsf] e"ldx¿ ldr]/ ljifodf tkfO{+ s] eGg'x'G5 <
;hu eO{ zflGt / cdgrognfO{ zlQm xf] . of] s'/f Pdfn]sf g]tf tyf g]kfnsf] zflGt vnaNofpg] sfd ug'{ ug'{ kb}{g < hah{:tL sAhf u/]sf] xfdLn] kfPsf P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfdx8\tfnfO{
vnalng glbO{, cfhef]lnd} pxfFx¿n] k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ klg x' G g . c? d' n ' s n] klg cfˆgf] o; ;DaGwdf xfd| f ] b] z sf 5f}F . o;df klg xfdL b'j} b]zaLr dfq :ylut u/]sf] 5 . t/, cfˆgf]
jftf{ u/L ;d:of ;dfwfgtkm{ hfg' yfxf 5 . lxhf] @)$^ ;fnsf] 5ftfd'lg /fVg k|of; t u5{g g} t/ /fhg]tfx¿n] ef/t ;/sf/;Fu b'O{ cfk;L ;b\ e fj / b' O { kIfLo ;+ 3 if{ n fO{ lkmtf{ lnPsf] 5} g .
g} a'l4dfgL x'g5 ] . cfGbf]ngdf :juL{o /fhf jL/]Gb|n] klg s'g} klg k|nf]egdf gk/L xfdL g]kfnLn] kIfLo jftf{ u/L cfk;L ;dembf/L ;Ldfljb\ x ¿ a;L cfk;L cfGbf]ngnfO{ km/s :j¿kdf cufl8
) jt{ d fg ;/sf/n] k| l tsf/sf] g]kfnL hgtf eg]sf] xfd|} bfh'efO / g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg g]kfn / sfod u/L b'j} b]znfO{ lxt x'g] u/L ;dembf/Laf6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg a9fpg ;Sg]5 . o;n] ubf{ klg jt{dfg
gfddf u[ x o' 4 u/L ;] g fnfO{ x'g\ / sf]xL gd?g\ eg]/ hgtfs} g]kfnLsf] :jtGqtfnfO{ s;}sf] u'nfd !(%) sf] ;lGwnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug'k{ g]{ ug'{kb{5 . g ls zlQm k|of]u u/]/ . ;/sf/ cyf{t\ k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/n]
cufl8 ;fg{ vf]h]sf] t xf]Og < zlQmnfO{ x]/L k|hftGq lbPsf] xfdL x'g] u/L s;}sf] kf]N6f]df /fVg ;xdt x'G5 . ;Demf}tf eg]sf] g} lxt xf] . o;af/] b'j} b]z cyf{t\ g]kfn / ef/t /fhLgfdf lbPg eg], k'gM of] ;+3if{ /
x]g'{;\, g]kfnL ;]gfdf b]zsf] ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . To;}u/L, @)^@÷^# x'g' x'Gg . oL s'/fx¿nfO{ jt{dfg To;}n] s;}n] klg s;}sf] lxtljk/Lt ;/sf/aLr cfk;L ;dembf/Lcg'¿k cfGbf]ng cfhsf] eGbf klg ;zQm x'g
cfhsf] /fhgLltnfO{ /fd|/L a'em]sf sf] bf];f| ] hgcfGbf]ngdf klg k"j/{ fhf ;/sf/n] a' ‰ g' k b{ 5 / s;} s f] hfGg' x'Gg / b'j} b]zn] PsPs sbd hfg'kb{5 . sltko :yfgdf gbLn] ;Sg] d}n] b]vs ] f] 5' . To;sf/0f jt{dfg
/ cWoog u/]sf ljåfg\ clkm;/ 5g\ . 1fg]Gb|n] klg ;+;b\ k'gj{xfn u/]sf] s7\ k ' t nL gagL lgM:jfy{ e fjn] kl5 x6L g]kfn / ef/tsf] lxt x'g] s}og efu s6fg u/]sf sf/0fn] klg ;/sf/n] b]zsf] d"ne"t s'/f]nfO{ uf}8F df
pxfFx¿n] ;/sf/df /x]sf g]tfx¿sf] xfdLn] la;]{sf 5}gf}F eg] cfhsf] P= g]kfnLsf] lxtsf nflu sfd ub}{ u/L ;Demf}tfx¿ ug'{kb{5 . d]/f] ljjfb x' g uPsf 5g\ . o:tf] /fvL al;/xg' x'Gg . cGoyf o;n]
s'/f ;'g]/ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ prfn]s} g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] hgzlQm klg ToxL hfg'kb{5 / of] cf/f]kaf6 aFRg uf]?sf] afx|} 6Ssf egL x7 s;}n] ug'{ ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;dod} b'j} b]zaLr eofjx ¿k lng ;Sb5 .
ˆ4 @)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/

j}slNks pmhf{, klxrfg / Jofj;flos pkof]u

pmhf{ k|fs[lts ;|f]t–;DkbfdWo] d'b|f vr{ ug{' kbf{ zf]wgfGt/sf] rfn'
ljlrq ;+;f/
>LdtLsf] b"waf6 aGof] rLh
Ps dxTjk"0f{ ;fwg xf] . pmhf{n] uDeL/axfb' / xf8f vftf 3f6fdf k|lts"n k|efj kl//x]sf] Go'of]s{ . of] hut\sf dflg;x¿ :jfbsf nflu s]–s] ub}{gg\ t/ s]xL
dfgjnufot cGo k|f0fL;d]tnfO{ Joj;foLs/0fsf nflu pmhf{ cfk"lt{ /x]sf]df ;f] sfo{qmdnfO{ $) lhNnfdf b]lvG5 . xfn;Dd klg k/Dk/fut 5g\ ;a} xb;d]t kf/ ub{5g\ . Go'of]s{sf Ps JolStnfO{ g} lng';\ h;n]
k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf ¿kdf k|efj ug{ sd nfutdf ljB't\ pTkfbg u/L lj:tf/ u/L pmhf{ tyf jftfj/0f pmhf{ k|0ffnLdf b]zsf cTolws cfˆg} >LdtLsf] b"waf6 rLh agfP / dflg;x¿nfO{ v'jfP klg . 8]lgon
kfg{ ] u5{ . dfgj;Eotfsf] u|fdL0f hgtfnfO{ pknAw u/fpg, zfvfdf ¿kfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] hg;+ V of lge{ / /xg' k /] s fn] P+u| gfds lognfO{ >LdtLsf] b"waf6 rLh agfpg] ljrf/ Tolta]nf cfof]
piffsfnb]lv g} dflg;n] ljleGg j}slNks pmhf{sf] u|fdL0f hgtfsf] #@ lhNnfdf o'Pg8LkLsf] cfly{s jghËndflysf] rfk sd x' g hlta]nf pgsL >LdtLn] b'O{ dlxgfcl3 aRrf hGdfPsL lyOg\ . pgLx¿n]
pmhf{sf ;|f]tx¿sf] pkof]u ub}{ hLjg:t/ p7fO{ ul/aL lgjf/0f ug{] ;xof] u df lhNnf ljsf; ;ls/x] s f] 5} g . o;n] ubf{ aRrfnfO{ v'jfP/ ar]sf] b"w hDdf u/]/ lk|mhdf /fVg yfn] . ha pgLx¿n]
cfPsf] kfOG5 . pmhf{ dfgj ;zSt dfWodsf ¿kdf k|a4{g Pj+ ;ldltcGtu{t lhNnf pmhf{ tyf c;Gt'ngdf j[l4 eO/x]sf] b]lvg b]v] ls >LdtLsf] b"w lgs} aRg] /x]5 . To;f] eP s]xL lsg gug]{ < ta
cl:tTjsf nflu ckl/xfo{ / clt lj:tf/ ug{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . jftfj/0f O{sfOsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] cfpF5 . To;sf/0f d'VotM k|ltkmn pgLx¿n] o;nfO{ gofF k|of]udf ¿kdf x]g]{ ljrf/ u/] / hDdf ePsf] b"waf6
cfjZos ;|ft] xf] . cf}Bf]lus ljsf; vf;u/L xfn vkt eO/x]sf] pmhf{ 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] lj=;+= @)%& b]lv lbg] vfnsf ;fgf, demf} n f / rLh agfP . 8]lgon eG5g\, ha tkfO{+ ;]km x'g'x'G5 ta tkfO{+ gofF–gofF
/ cfly{s pGgltsf nflu pmhf{sf k| l jlwdWo] clwsf+ z k/Dk/fut u|fdL0f If]qdf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ n3'hnljB't\ s]Gb|x¿ lgdf{0f ug{t] km{ k/LIf0fsf nflu lh1f;' /xg' x'G5 tkfO{+ x/]s gofF rLhdf k/LIf0f vf]Hg'
ljleGg ;|f]tx¿ pkof]u x'g] u5{g\ . ;| f ] t x¿af6} cfk" l t{ ePsf] x' F b f ljsf;sf nflu cg'bfg pknAw ;Sbf] k|of; ul/g'k5{ . pmhf{ / x'G5 . 8]lgon cfˆg} >LdtLsf] b"wsf] rLh dfq agfO/x]sf 5}gg\, To;nfO{
cfhsf] PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLdf cfOk'Ubf bfp/fdflysf] rfknfO{ qmdzM 36fpFb} u/fpFb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . ;fljssf] jg;Dkbfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{sf] aLrdf v'jfO{ klg /x]sf 5g\ . hxfF s]xL dflg;x¿ o;k|lt cfqmf]lzt klg 5g\ oxL
pmhf{sf] dfu lbgk|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] n}hfgsf lglDt j}slNks pmhf{ k|ljlw gjLs/0fLo -u|fdL0f_ pmhf{ cg'bfg tfbfTDo sfod u/L qmlds ¿kdf s]xL dflg; eg] dlxnf rLh vfg cfFt/' klg b]lvPsf 5g\ . ca pgn] db/
5 . o;sf ;fy} a9\bf] pmhf{ dfunfO{ cToGt} ;fGble{s b]lvG5 . ljz]ifu/L Joj:yf @)^# nfO{ ;dofg's"n x|f; x'bF } uPsf] jgh+unsf] k|lt:yfkg ldNs cfO;lqmd / db/ ldNs a6/ tof/ ug{] dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ .
cfk" l t{ ug{ gofF – gofF pmhf{ s f u| f dL0f If] q df OGwgsf] ;d:of kl/dfh{g u/L gjLs/0fLo -u|fdL0f_ / ;+ / If0f ug{ ] t km{ ;/sf/L / 8]lgonn] db/ ldNsaf6 rLh tof/ ug]{ cfˆgf] kl/sf/ cfˆgf] Anudf klg
;|f]tx¿sf] vf]hL / cflj:sf/ ug{] lbgk|ltlbg hl6n aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . pmhf{ cg'bfg Joj:yf @)^% sf] u}/;/sf/L b'j} If]qaf6 lg/Gt/ k|of; /fv]sf 5g\ . 8]lgon eG5g\, d]/f] db/ ldNs rLh klg laNs'n ufO{sf]
k| l qmof;d] t x' F b } cfPsf] 5 . pmhf{sf] kl/k"lt{sf nflu ;f/f h+un Jojl:yt sfof{Gjogsf nflu cg'bfg ul/g] cfjZos ePsf] 5 . hg:t/df b"waf6 ag]sf] rLhh:tf] ld7f] 5 .
u' 0 f:t/Lo hLjg / ;fdflhs dfl;Fb}5g\ . pmhf{sf] If]qdf cfPsf] sfo{ljlw :jLs[ltsf nflu sfo{cufl8 ;+/If0f / j}slNks pmhf{ pTkfbgsf
ljsf;sf nflu …OghL{Ú Ps k|d'v
lgwf{ / 0f tTj xf] . cfwf/e" t
c;Gt'ngn] kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ngdf
gsf/fTds k|efj kfg{] ;Defjgf
a9fOPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷^&
sf] ah] 6 jStJodf pNn] v
af/] d f Jofks k| r f/–k| ; f/ u/L
hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug'{kg]{ vfnsf
dlxnfsf] lgwf/df knfof] l;ª
cfjZostf k"/f ug{f nflu …OghL{Ú al9/x]sf] 5 . pmhf{sf ;|f]t tyf ul/Pcg';f/ o; cfly{s jif{df u|fdL0f pkfox¿ ;f]Rg'k5{ . :jb]zL lghL a]Olhª . clxn];Dd ufO{, e}F;Lsf] lgwf/df l;ª b]Vg' ePsf] xf]nf . t/,
Ps ;~hLjgL a'6L xf] . o;}u/L pmhf{ k|ljlwx¿nfO{ d'Votof b'O{ ju{df If]q ! d]ufjf6;Ddsf] n3'hnljB't\ :t/sf / ljb]zL nufgLstf{x¿nfO{ ljZjdf of] ;fob} klxnf] k6s ePsf] xf]nf ls Pshgf !)! jif{sL dlxnfsf]
Ps o:tf] zlSt xf] , h;sf] ljefhg ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . oL x'g\– cfof]hgfx¿sf] k|a4{g ul/g] gLlt 7"nf, demf}nf, ;fgf / n3'hnljB't\ lgwf/df l;ª knfPsf] 5 . rLgsf] x]gfg k|fGtsf] lngn' ufpF lgjf;L dlxnf
cg'kl:yltdf dfgjLo hLjg si6s/ k/Dk/fut pmhf{ s f ;| f ] t x¿ / /flvPsf] 5 . o:tf cfof]hgfx¿af6 pTkfbg / ljt/0fsf] If]qdf a9\bf] em]u+ ?Okm]ªsf] lgwf/df ut jif{ l;ª knfpg ;'? eof] / clxn];Dd of] @=$
x'G5 . …OghL{Ú Ps cfTdf xf], h;n] j}slNks tyf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{sf yk @ xhf/ & ;o $* lsnf]jf6 pTkfbg / ljt/0fsf] If]qdf a9\bf] O~r nfdf] eO;s]sf] 5 . /dfOnf] s'/f t hgfj/s} h:tf] ca pgsf]
hLjgnfO{ hLljt /fV5 . crn ;|ft] x¿ . sf]Onf, Uof;, vlgh t]n ljB't\ pTkfbg eO{ b'ud{ ufpFsf yk cfsif{0f a9fO{ d'n'ssf] t'ngfTds lgwf/sf] bfofFtkm{ klg l;ª knfpg ;'? u/]sf] 5 . Ph]G;L
j:t'nfO{ rn cj:yfdf kl/jt{g
u/fpF 5 . h' g k| l qmof dfgj
cflb k/Dk/fut pmhf{ tyf
gjLs/0fLo pmhf{df k5{ . sf]Onf,
@& xhf/ $ ;o *) 3/kl/jf/n]
ljB't\ ;]jf pkef]u ug{ kfpg]5g\ .
nfe ePsf] o; If]qdf nufgL clej[l4
ug{' plrt jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ul/g' kfgLleq a:g] ljZj /]s8{
cl:tTjsf nflu ckl/xfo{ 5 . pmhf{ Uof;, vlgh t]n, cflb k/Dk/fut j}slNks pmhf{ sfo{qmdaf6 ;~rfng cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} Ps :jL;n] kfgLleq !( ldg]6 @! ;]sG] 8;Dd :jf; /f]s/] k'/fgf] ljZj
ljsf;sf] Ps OlGhg xf] . pmhf{ tyf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{df k5{ . x'g] n3'ljB't\ cfof]hgfx¿sf nflu ?= pmhf{ / jgh+unsf] aLr ePsf] /]s8{ tf]8\b} gofF /]s8{ sfod u/]sf 5g\ . :jL6\h/Nof08sf ;]G6 Sofngn]
g]kfndf pmhf{sf] k|dv ' ;|ft] bfp/f uf]a/ Uof;, ;f}op { hf{, h}ljs ;|ft] , ^) s/f]8 !$ nfv 5'6o\ fOPsf] 5 . cGt/;DaGwnfO{ sfod /fVg j}slNks Ps xf]ln8] km]o/df of] /]s8{ sfod u/]sf x'g\ . of] sLlt{dfg #* jifL{o
g} xf] . oxfF pmhf{sf] j}slNks ;fwgsf ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf], jfo'pmhf{ tyf e"tfkLo ;f}o{pmhf{ sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf pmhf{sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] afof]Uof; lk6/ sf]n]6sf] gfddf lyof] . pgn] O6fnLsf lgsf]nf k'l6ug]gf]åf/f sfod
¿kdf dl§t]n, k|fs[lts Uof;, sf]Onf pmhf{ g]kfnsf] jftfj/0fdf pkof]uof]Uo lbOPsf] 5 . ?s' d pHofnf] ;f} o { z lSt, jfo' z lSt /]s8{ !( ;]s]G8n] tf]8]sf lyP . kfgLdf 8«fOleËsf nflu lulgh a'sdf
/ ljB'ts \ f] pkof]u Hofb} sd dfqfdf gjLs/0fLo / j}slNks pmhf{sf sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbFb} cGo n3'hnljB'th \ :tf ;|ft] x¿sf] klxrfg cnu lgod 5 . :6]l6s PlKgof lgodcg';f/ /]s8{ agfpg]n] kfgLdf l5g{
ul/G5 / o:tf j}slNks pmhf{sf] ;|ft] x¿ x'g\ . xfn j}slNks pmhf{ k|a4{g lhNnfx¿df klg o:tf] sfo{qmd / Jofj;flos pkof]u a9fO{ jgh+un cl3 bz ldg]6;Dd z'4 clS;hgdf :jf; lng cg'dlt lbg] ul/G5 . lk6/
;|f]tsf e/kbf]{ cfk"lt{ x'g ;s]sf] ljsf; ;ldlt lgodfjnL, @)%$ lj:tf/ u/L pHofnf] g]kfn cleofg / kof{j/0fdflysf] rfknfO{ sd eG5g\, kfgLdf klxn] !@ ldg]6;Dd t dnfO{ yfxf g} ePg . pgnfO{ :jf;
5}g . of] k"lt{ ug{ g;Sg'sf] d'Vo cg' ; f/ s] G b| s f lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmd /flvPsf] 5 . ug{k' /]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f Onfsfdf e/kbf]{ lng] cfjZostf w]/} kl5 dfq eof] To;}n] d of] sfd ug{ ;kmn ePF .
sf/0f b]zsf] cfly{s tyf k|fljlws
sl7gfO xf] . xfjf zlSt, ;f}o{zlSt,
k|fs[lts Uof;, h}ljs Uof;, vlgh,
;~rfng, k|a4{g tyf lj:tf/ eO/x]sf]
kl/k|I] odf ;f] lgodfjnLnfO{ ab\lnFbf]
;DefJo If]qdf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutf
jfo'pmhf{ pTkfbg k|f/De ul/g] klg
ljZjl;nf] / nf] s lk| o ag] s f]
afof]Uof; / n3'hnljB't\ s]Gb|x¿sf]
/fd|f];Fu ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/g' clt
;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf ;fgL / df]6LaLr e]6
;do;fk]If agfpg cfjZos kl/dfh{g sfo{qmd /flvPsf] 5 . ;DefJo If]qsf Go'of]s{ . ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf df]6L dlxnf / ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf ;fgL o'jtL;Fu
t]n, sf]Onf, hnljB't,\ jghËn cflb tyf ;'wf/ u/L j}slNks pmhf{ k|a4{g ul/a, blnt, åGåkLl8t / pTkLl8t cfjZos b] l vG5 . lghL ljB' t \ e]6 ePsf] 5 . olta]nf tf}ndf olt cGt/ 5 ls tkfO{ ;f]Rg klg ;Sg' x'Gg
pmhf{sf dxTjk"0f{ ;|ft] x¿ x'g\ . t}klg ljsf; ;ldlt sd{rf/L ;]jf ;t{ ju{ / hfthfltnfO{ nlIft u/L xfn pBdLx¿n] g] k fn ljB' t \ 5 . cd]l/sfsL $@ jifL{of 8f]gf l;Dk;gsf] tf}n @(# lsnf] 5 . / !^ jifL{of
g] k fndf cfly{ s tyf k| f ljlws lgodfjnL @)^$ / cfly{s lgodfjnL lbOFb} cfPsf] cg'bfgdf j[l4 u/L yk k|flws/0f;Fu ljB't\ vl/b–lalqm Hof]lt cfdu]sf] tf}n dfq % lsnf] 5 . 8f]gfsf] prfO % lkm6 $ O~r 5 .
sl7gfOsf sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ k|fs[lts @)^$ 5'§f5'§} tof/ u/L :jLs[lt !* xhf/ uf]a/Uof; KnfG6 h8fg ;Demf} t f u/] c g' ; f/ hnljB' t \ oxL ef/tsL Hof]ltsf] prfO @# O~r dfq 5 . Go'h;L{af;L 8f]gf b'O{ aRrfsL
Uof;, vlgh t]n, sf]Onf cflb k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 . ul/g]5 / cfofltt k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] cfof]hgfx¿ lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g cfdf x'g\ . 8f]gfn] elgg\, xfdL b'j} dflg;x¿nfO{ crDd nfUbf xf}F t/ ;fFrf]
pmhf{sf dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]tx¿sf] vf]hL g]kfndf j}slNks tyf u|fdL0f pmhf{ ljsNkdf :jb]zleq} ;hLjgaf6 / cg'dlt kq dfq lnO{ pTkfbg
s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] Hof]lt lgs} Kof/L 5g\ . ha Hof]ltnfO{ pgsf] lktfn] sfvdf
u/]/ pmhf{sf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{ k|ljlwsf] k|a4{g tyf ljsf;sf] nflu h}ljs l8h]n pTkfbg ug{ ;hLjg tyf ljt/0fsf] sfo{ ;' ? gug{
lnP ta pgL lgs} ;fgL b]lvlGyg\ . d]/f] ;fd' t pgL ;fFRg} ;fgL aRrL 5g\ .
;lsPsf] 5}g . j}slNks pmhf{sf] ;dli6ut ¿kdf /fli6«o gLlt gePsf] v]tL / k|zf]wg pBf]usf] k|a4{g ul/g] k|jl[ QnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{k' g{5 ] . Psåf/
pgLx¿ b'j} hfkfgsf] 6f]Sof]df Ps 6LeL zf]df efu lng uPsf 5g\ .
k|of]u ck]lIft ¿kdf gx'bF f jgljgfz kl/k|I] odf xfn u|fdL0f pmhf{sf] ;d'lrt sfo{qmd /flvPsf] 5 . h}ljs OGwgsf k| 0 ffnL ck] l Ift ¿kn] r' : t /
jf jftfj/0fdf gsf/fTds k|efj kg],{
o; lsl;dsf] pmhf{sf] k|of]usf] r]tgf
ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ u/L o;af6 ul/aL
lgjf/0f ug{ 6]jf k'¥ofpgsf nflu
cGo ljsNkx¿sf] cg';Gwfgdf hf]8
lbOg] klg sfo{qmd /flvPsf] kfOG5 .
k|efjsf/L x'g g;sL lghL If]qaf6
l56f]5l/tf] ¿kdf ljB't\ pBf]usf]
tLg lsnf]u|fdsf] 3f]8fsf] hGd
gx' g ' , afof] Uof; / ;/;kmfO u|fdL0f pmhf{ gLlt @)^# sfof{Gjogdf pmhf{sf] k|d'v ;|f]tsf ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ sl7gfO k/]sf] cg'ej cd]l/sf . cd]l/sfsf] af:gl68df hlGdPsf] Pp6f cgf}7f] 3f]8fsf]
sfo{qmdx¿ PsLs[t ¿kdf ;~rfng /x]sf] 5 . ;f] gLltcg';f/ jif{ @)^$ /x]sf] hn ljB'ts \ f] xfn;Dd pTkflbt ul/Psf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs If]qaf6 klg aRrf -a58f_ lu|g]; a's ckm jn{8 /]s8{df gfd n]vfpg] 5fF6 b]vfPsf]
x'g g;Sg' / o;;DaGwL ;+:yfut ;Dd @% lhNnfdf ;+oS' t /fi6«;3+ Lo Ifdtfn] b]zdf lbgk|ltlbg a9\b} nufgLsf] sdLn] ubf{ kof{Kt hnljB't\ 5 . Ps ;fwf/0f / :jf:Yo dfp 3f]8Ln] hGdfPsf] pSt a58f hlGdPsf]
;+/rgfx¿ ;an gx'g' o; If]qdf ljsf; sfo{qmd / ljZj a}s + sf] cfly{s uPsf] pmhf{ s f] efunfO{ wfGg cfof]hgfx¿ lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . avt l;km{ 5 kfp08 -sl/j tLg lsnf]u|fd_ jhg / !$ OGr cUnf] lyof] .
b]lvPsf k|dv ' r'gf}tL x'g\ . j}slNks ;xof]udf u|fdL0f pmhf{ ljsf; g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf ljb]zaf6 kmn:j¿k hnljB'ts \ f] k|r/' ;Defjgf dfp–aRrfsf] o:tf] gfktf}n gjhft lzz'sf] cfg'kflts lx;fjn] dg'iodf
pmhf{sf] ljsf; u/L u|fdL0f hgtfsf] sfo{qmdcGtu{t lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ / sf]Onfsf] cfoft ePsf] d'ns ' df ljB't\ cfk"lt{df sdL dfq :jefljs x'g] t/ 3f]8fh:tf kz'x¿df eg] cj:jfefljs x'G5 .
3/fo;L cfjZostf tyf k];fut u|fdL0f pmhf{ ljsf; zfvfsf ¿kdf a9fpg'k/]sfn] 7"nf] dfqfdf ljb]zL eO{ nf]8;]l8ª eO/x]sf] 5 . cfOg:6fOg gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] pSt km'Rr] a58f c¿ ;fdfGo j58f ;/x
/x]sf] / zf/Ll/s cË u7gsf lx;fjn] afpGg] gePsf] s'/f 3f]8f dflns

;k\m6 l8«S;n] ;Gtfgf]Tkfbg Ifdtfdf c;/ ug{]

b}lgs Ps ln6/ hlt sf]nf pRr ePsf] kfOof] . sf]nf glkpg] gldNg] pgsf] ts{ 5 . nfUg], df]6f]kgf / d'6' /f]u nfUg] hf]lvd
8fS6/ /f;]n jfUg/n] atfP . lug]; a's ckm jn{8 /]s8{df xfn;Dd btf{
ePcg';f/ ljZjsf a;eGbf ;fgf] gjhft lzz' a58fsf] tf}n gf} kfp08 5 .
/f]af]6 lrt'jf
lkpg] k'?ifsf] jLo{ sdL ePsf] k'?ifsf] k|To]s ldlnln6/ l;dgdf To;}n] o; ;DaGwdf yk cWoog a9L x'g] k|ltj]bgdf elgPsf] 5 . ;ˆ6 dflg;h:t} /f]af]6 agfpgdf pNn]vgLo ;kmntf k|fKt u/]kl5 ca
cg';Gwfgn] kQf nufPsf] 5 . udL{ kfFr s/f]8 jLo{ e]l6of] . sf]nf glkpg] ul/g'kg]{ pgsf] egfO 5 . …t/, l8«S;sf] a9\bf] k|of]u 36fpg klg /f]af]l6s lj1fg;Fu ;DalGwt j}1flgsx¿ hgfj/ / ls/fkm6\of+uf| sf] gSsndf
a9\g yfn]kl5 lr;f] k]o ;a}sf lk|o k'?ifsf] hLjgz}nL klg :j:ys/ cTolws sf]nf lkpg] k'?if cGo k| l tj] b gn] cfu| x u/] s f] 5 . h'6]sf 5g\ . /f]af]l6s If]qdf of] k|of;n] gf}nf] cfofd yKg] bfaL /f]af]6
aGg yfN5g\ . dlxnf, k' ? if / ePsf] cg';Gwfgn] kQf nufPsf] 5 . k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf w]/} km/s /x]sf] cd] l /sfdf kfF r ;o $* :s' n ] lgdf{0fdf nfu]sfx¿sf] bfaL 5 . cd]l/sL ;+:yf Dof;fr'P6; OG:6Ro'6
afnaflnsf ;a}sf] /f]hfOdf k5{ t/, otf b}lgs Ps ln6/ hlt sf]nf xfdLn] cg' ; Gwfgdf kfof} F , ljBfyL{nfO{ !( dlxgf nufP/ ul/Psf] ckm 6]Sgf]nhLsf k|fk] m];/ tyf /f]af]l6s j}1flgs ;fUa] lsdn] To:t} cfofd
sf]N8 l8«S; . t/, vfFbf dL7f] eP lkpg] k'?ifsf] jLo{ sdL ePsf] sf]k]gx]ugl:yt l/U; xl:k6nsL cWoogcg';f/ sf]nf nufotsf ;ˆ6 yKg] k|of; ul//x]sf 5g . pgL o:tf] /f]af]6 agfpgdf h'6s ] f 5g\ h'g
klg ;ˆ6 l8«S; c:j:Yos/ x'g] cg';Gwfgn] kQf nufPsf] 5 . b}lgs lrlsT;s l6gf elG5g\ . o; l8«S;n] z/L/sf] df]6fO a9fpF5 . dfp;'nLem} leQfdf 6fFl;g s;f]; ;fËnf]em} l56f]l56f] otfptf bf}8g ;sf];\
ljleGg cWoogn] b]vfpFb} cfPsf sf]nf lkpg] k'?ifsf] k|To]s ldlnld6/ cg';Gwfgsf] k|ltj]bg cd]l/sg cWoogcg';f/ aRrfn] b}lgs lng] lrt'jf;l/ cToGt} b|'tultdf efUg ;sf]; la/fnf]emF} lx8g ;sf];\ . ;"rL
5g\ . Ps cWoogcg';f/ b}lgs Ps l;dgdf hDdf tLg s/f]8 %) nfv hg{ n ckm Olkl8ldof] n f] h Ldf x/]s ;ˆ6 l8«S;n] ) bzdnj @$ nfdf] 5 / lsd oL ;a} hgfj/ / ls/fsf] gSsn ug{rfxG5g\ h;df s]xL
ln6/ hlt sf]nf lkpg] k'?ifsf] jLo{ jLo{ dfq kfOPsf] cg';Gwftfn] atfPsf 5flkPsf] 5 . sf]nf;lxt cGo ;ˆ6 s] h L tf} n a9fpF 5 . cd] l /sL ljz]iftf xf];\ . pgL eG5g\ hgfj/x¿sf nflu rfn b]vfpg' dxTjk"0f{ 5 /
pTkfbgdf gsf/fTds c;/ u5{ . 5g\ . o;}u/L, cTolws sf]nf lkpg] l8«S;n] k'?ifsf] jLo{sf] pTkfbg / afnaflnsfdf /x]sf] pRr df]6f]kgfsf] dh:tf /f]af]l6s j}1flgsx¿ hgfj/x¿sf] h:t} v'aLnfO{ cfˆgf] /f]af]6df
8] g dfs{ d f ul/Psf] ;f] cWoog k'?ifsf] hLjgz}nL klg c:j:ys/ u'0f:t/df dfq sdL NofpFbg} . o;n] sf/0f ;ˆ6 l8«S;nufot kmf:6km'8 eg{ rfxG5g\ . lsd / pgsf] 6f]nLn] xfn} Pp6f l:6lsaf]6' agfPsf 5g\ h'g
cg';Gwfgstf{sf cg';f/ b}lgs Ps /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . pgLx¿n] w]/} df]6f]kgf, lrgL /f]uh:tf y'k|} /f]u / h+skm'8sf] cTolws ;]jg dflgPsf] dfp;'nLem} leQfdf 6fFl;P/ lxF88"n ug{;Ifd 5 . pSt /f]af]6sf] v'§fnfO{
ln6/ sf]nf lkpg] k'?ifsf] jLo{ kmf:6km'8 vfg], yf]/} kmnkm"n / xl/of] lgDTofpg] cg';Gwfgn] kQf nufPsf 5 . o;}u/L, ;ˆ6 l8«S; / df]6f]kgf
u2fh:tf] agfOPsf] 5 h;df ;]6] / :kf6'n] gfds skfn /flvPsf] 5 . of]
pTkfbgdf #) k| l tztn] sdL t/sf/L vfg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . 5g\ . !((* df cd]l/sfsf] ;]G6/ ;DaGwdf cf7 jif{ nufP/ %) xhf/
dflg;sf] t'ngfdf lgs} u'0ff kftnf] skfn xf] . o;n] u2f / kvf{nsf] aLr
cfpF5 . yf]/} jLo{ pTkfbg xF'bf sf]nfnufot ;ˆ6 l8«S;df kfOg] km/ ;fOG; Og klAns OG6«:] 6n] u/]sf] dlxnf g;{df cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .
k'?ifsf] ;Gtfgf]Tkfbg Ifdtfdf c;/ Soflkmgn] k'?ifsf] jLo{sf] u'0f:t/ Go"g cWoog k|ltj]bg …lnlSj8 NofG8L M cWoogcg';f/ b}lgs ;ˆ6 l8«S;
jg 8]/ jfN; kmf];|' sfod x'G5 / /f]af]6 leQfdf 6fFl;g ;S5 . lsdn]
k5{ . cg';Gwfgstf{n] sf]nfn] k'?ifsf] agfpg] ;DaGwdf clxn] 7f]s'jf ug{ xfp ;ˆ6 l8« S ; cf/ xfld{ ª lkpg] dlxnfsf] tf}n cWoog cjlwdf agfPsf] of] cgf}7f] /f]af]6 sfFr Pqm]lns of XjfO6af]8{df ;lhnf] rNg
k|hgg :jf:Yodf ug]{ c;/ af/]df gldNg] cg';Gwfgstf{ 8f= l6gf sf]N8 cd]l/sG; x]NyÚ df arf{åf/f ;ˆ6 cf7 s]hL a9of] . t/, slxn]sfxLF ;S5 . o;}u/L 6f]nLn] :kfOlgaf]6 klg agfpg ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf] 5
cWoog u/]sf lyP . cWoogdf b'O{ h]g;g atfpFl5g\ . Doflkmgn] k'?ifsf] l8«S;sf] pRr ;]jg / o;n] :jf:Yodf dfq lkpg] jf ;ˆ6 l8«S; lkpg sd h;sf] ;fgf ;fgf v'§fn] o;nfO{ hldgdf 6fFl;P/ a:g ;xof]u u5{ . of]
xhf/ kfFr ;o k'?ifnfO{ ;xefuL k|hgg :jf:Yoaf/]df ug]{ c;/af/]df kfg]{ cj;/af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ub}{ nu]sf dlxnfsf] tf}n cf7 jif{df /f]af]6 dfs'/faf6 k|efljt eP/ agfOPsf] lsdn] atfP . To:t} cfO{ :k|fn
u/fOPsf] lyof] . cg';Gwfgdf ;ˆ6 Hofb} yf] / } cWoog ePsfn] ;ˆ6 l8«S; w]/} ;]jg ug{] aRrfsf] s]jn @ bzdna cf7 s]hL dfq gfds /f]af]6 ;fªnfaf6 k|efljt eO{ agfOPsf] 5 h'g hldgdf tLa|
l8«S; glkpg] k'?ifsf] jLo{sf] :t/ DoflkmgnfO{ o;sf] ;Dk"0f{ bf]if lbg bfFt ;8\g,] kf]if0fsf] sdLaf6 x'g] /f]u a9]sf] kfOof] . ultdf efUg ;S5 .
@)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ5
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dO{ lbj; ljZjel/ g}

dhb' / x¿sf] xslxtsf nflu
ch'{g bfxfn ;/sf/n] ljb]zL zlSt / ljb]zL ;]gf
g] k fn leq\ o fpg vf] h ] s f] xf] <
l;ls:t zflGt / ;+ljwfg
dgfOG5 . jfdkGyL ljrf/wf/f;Fu ePsf] cfGbf]ngn] g]kfnL hgtfn] s] klg Tof] s'/f k'li6 x'g hfGYof] . t/ ;/sf/n] ;]gf kl/rfng u5f},+{ g]kfnL d'n'ssf] ljBdfg /fhgLlts cj:yf clxn];Dds} hl6n df]8df k'u]sf]
5 . ;a}eGbf a9L hgdt k|fKt bn ;8s ;+3if{df 5 . pm zflGt /
;DaGw /fVg]x¿;Fu o;sf] ljz]if rfx]sf 5g\ eGg] k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 . P= s;n] To;sf] k|ltsf/ u¥of] < olb ;]gf xft afFw/] a:g ;Sb}g, r"k nfUg] ;+ljwfgsf] nflu /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;+oQ ' m ;/sf/ u7g x'gk' g],{ To;sf] nflu
dxTj /x]sf] b]lvG5 . PsLs[t g]kfn g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] /fi6«kl| tsf] nufj ;dodf g} qmflGtsf/L wf/nfO{ cFufn]/ 5}g eGg] h:tf cleJolSt cfpFbf tTsfn jt{dfg ;/sf/n] /fhLgfdf lbg'kg]{ s'/f p7fO/x]sf] 5 . ;Qf;Lg
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ n] dO{ / hgtfk| l tsf] em' s fj o;} a f6 dfcf] j fbL kf6L{ s f] :yfkgf u/L klg dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf lsg bn / To;nfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ cGo bnx¿ s'g} klg xfntdf dfcf]jfbL
lbj; dgfpg u/]sf] cfJxfgdf b]zsf emlNsG5 . o;n] b] z sf lglDt u0ftGq :yfkgfsf] bf}8df k'iksdn r"k < gful/s ;dfh / cGt/f{li6«o bafadf ;/sf/ glug]{ atfO/x]sf] 5 . ;Qf kIf / k|ltkIfaLr b]lvPsf]
ljleGg :yfgaf6 nfvf} F hgtf :jfledfg / s'g} zlStsf ;fd' em'Sg bfxfn …k|r08Ú, 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{, ;d'bfo lsg r"k < ljZj ;d'bfon] o:tf] h'xf/Ln] d'ns ' / d'ns ' af;LnfO{ xfgL k'¥ofO/x]sf] 5 . clxn]sf] cj:yf
/fhwfgLdf e]nf eP . nfvf}sF f] ¥ofnL slxNo} gl;s]sf g]kfnLnfO{ lz/ pFrf] df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ, /fdaxfb'/ yfkf 5n{Ë x]l/;s]sf] 5 g]kfnL hgtf / eg]sf] ;/sf/ agfpg / lu/fpg ;ef;b\ vl/blaqmL u/]/ hf]836fp ug]{
x]bf{ ;Dk"0f{ ljZj g} ltg5Ss k/]sf] /fVg] cfTdan k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . b]z …afbnÚ h:tf bh{gf}F sDo'lgi6 g]tfx¿ g]kfnnfO{ . ca t bnx¿aLr klg ;do xf]Og . ;xdltsf] cfwf/df /fi6«sf] lxt cg's"n zflGt / ;+ljwfg
5 . nfvf}F hgtfsf] ¥ofnL zflGtk"0f{ ljleGg efiffefifL, e]ife'iff, hfthflt, gnfu]sf eP cfh g]kfndf s'g–s'g of] cfGbf]ngsf] af/]df ;sf/fTds lgdf{0fsf] nflu bnx¿ ldNg'k5{ . /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/n] dfq zflGt /
cg'zfl;t / Jojl:yt x'Fb} ;efdf wd{ ;F:s[lt cflbn] ;lhP/ /ËLg kf6L{sf] cj:yf s] s:tf] x'GYof] / k|ltlqmof cfpg yfn]sf] 5 . g]skf gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] dfu{nfO{ k"0f{tftkm{ 8f]¥ofpg ;S5 . bnx¿n] ljutdf
kl/0ft eof] . o;s} cj;/ kf/]/ /x]sf] a]nfdf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLn] Ps s'g–s'g g]tf sxfF–sxfF x'Gy] ;f]sf] Pdfn]sf cu|k+lStsf s]xL g]tfx¿n] ePsf ;xdltsf cfwf/df d'n'sdf b]lvPsf] d'Vo ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;dfwfg
Pp6f cfGbf]ng 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . k6s b]zsf lglDt cfˆgf] :kGbg sNkgf klg ;Dej 5}g . lg/Gt/ k| w fgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfu ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . To;sf] nflu g]tfx¿ hgtfk|lt Odfgbf/ b]lvg'k5{ .
b]zdf @)^& ;fnsf] cfudg;Fu} km]l/ 5fDg' kg]{ a]nf ePsf] 5 . lsgls hgo'4sf] k|ltkmn g} cfh g]kfndf ul/;s]sf 5g . cem b]zdf a8b} jt{dfg dfwj g]kfn g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ k"0f{¿kdf c;kmn eO;s]sf] 5 .
of] ;/sf/ d'ns ' sf] b}lgsL rnfpgsf] nflu dfq u7g ePsf] xf]Og, hgd'vL
Pp6f csf]{ cfGbf]ng ;'? ePsf] 5 . gofF lbzf / dfu{bz{g lbFb} gofF lgod, ^)! hgf ;ef;bx¿, ljleGg bn / uPsf] /fhg}lts cl:y/tf / åGåsf] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] nflu u7g ePsf] xf] . t/, of] ;/sf/n] b'a} sfd ;xL
P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] g]tT[ jsf] sfg'g, d"No / dfGotfsf] k|ltkfbg g]tfx¿n] gofF cfofd kfPsf x'g . ;dfwfg vf]Hg'sf] ;§f lyDk"df ;DkGg 9Ën] cufl8 a9fpg ;s]g . dfwj g]kfn cfk"m;Fu k|fljlws¿kdf ax'dt 5
;/sf/sf] dfu /fVb} k|wfgdGqL ug{ gofF ;+ljwfg n]Vgsf nflu ^)! lk5l8Psf ju{ cflbjf;L hghflt ;fs{;Dd]ngaf6 kms{] lalQs} xfdLnfO{ eGb} ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf] dfu{df cj/f]w ub}5 { g\ . clxn]sf] d'Vo cfjZostf
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ /fhLgfdf lbg hgf ;f+;b r'lgPsf x'g\ . oL ^)! cflbcflbsf] xslxtsf] ;'/Iff ug{sf o'/f]kLog o'lgog, ;fs{ clg cem h]i7 eg]sf] /fli6«o ;xdlt g} xf] . o;af6 dfq d'ns ' n] /fhgLlts lgsf; kfpF5 .
lbnfpg afWo kfg{] lx;fan] cfGbf]ng hgfsf] sfo{b]zdf ;+ljwfg n]Vg] g} nflu u0ftGq / gofF ;+ljwfg agfpg' !$ kl5 ef/tsf] ;dy{g /lx/g]5 ;xdtLo /fhgLltnfO{ 5f8]/ ax'dtLo /fhgLlttkm{ bnx¿ cfslif{t x'bF f
5]8\of] . /fhwfgLdf cfGbf]ngsf] xf] . o;} cg'¿k ;+ljwfg n]Vg, d:of}bf k/]sf] xf] . t/ oL ;a} ug{ >]o s;nfO{ eGg' slt ;fy{s 5 < o;n] s] k|i6 d'ns ' cfh of] l:yltdf cfOk'us ] f] xf] . ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] ldltdf ca gofF
klxnf] lbg nfvf}F g]kfnL hgtf /ftf] tof/ kfg{ cflb OToflb sfdsf nflu hfg'k5{ eGg] s'/f ubf{ P= g]skf kf5{ eg] jt{dfg ;/sf/ ljb]zd'vL ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] gx'g] s'/f ul//xg' h?/L 5}g lsgls cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf
em08f, l6;6{ clg 6f]kLdf b]vf k/] . 5'§f5'§} ;ldltx¿sf] klg Joj:yf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g} hfg' kg{] xf] . ePsf] 5 . cfˆgf] b]zsf hgtfsf] tf]lsPsf] gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] clGtd lbg h]7 !$ df ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g
dO{ lbj; dgfpg /fhwfgL cfPsf ul/Psf] 5 . olt x'bF fx'bF } klg jt{dfg pgLx¿;F u ePsf] lehg, ;Lk, rfxgf ga'emL l5d]sL /fi6«n] eg]sf] ca ;Dej 5}g . o:tf cj:yfdf bnx¿;Fu ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Dofb yKg'sf]
sfo{stfx¿ cfGbf]ngdf plqP . ;/sf/ ;+ljwfg agfpg]tkm{ gnfuL nugzLntf / sf}zntfsf] b]zdf ;xL dfGg' s'g xb;Dd 7Ls xf] < s] ljsNk 5}g . To;sf] nflu ;xdlt h?/L k5{ . Pp6f bnn] csf]{ bnnfO{
cfGbf]ngdf w]/} hgtf 3fOt] x'G5, cfˆgf] cl:tTj u'Dg] xf] ls eg]/ ;b'kof]u x'g] xf] eg] xfd|f] b]znfO{ jt{dfg ;/sf/ g]kfn / g]kfnL alxisf/sf] gLlt lnP/ d'ns ' cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}g . k|dv ' 7"nf] bn dfcf]jfbLnfO{
tgfj a95, tf]8kmf]8 x'G5, b]z cl:tTjsf] arfp ug{ nfluk/]sf] ljsl;t d'n's;Fu kfOnf ldnfpg hgtfsf nflu xf] ls ljb]zLnfO{ v'zL kfvf nufP/ d'ns ' sf ofjt\ ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg x'g] sNkgf;Dd ug'{ e"n
b]lvG5 . Ps k6s xfdL ;a}n] Pp6f s]xL ;do klg nfUb}g . nfvf}+ x'g5] . g]kfnL hgtfn] k|fKt u/]sf] pknlAwnfO{ /Iff ub}{ vt/faf6 d'lQm
etfe' Ë x' G 5 cflbcflb ljleGg kfg{sf nflu xf] < To;}n] b]zdf Pp6f kfpg bnx¿df nrstfsf] vfFrf] 5 . Tof] vfFrf] k'/f ug{ ;a} bn tDtof/
k|sf/sf ljrf/x¿ plAhg' :jefljs s'/f a'‰g' h?/L 5 . u0ftGq, ;+ljwfg, dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ ;8sdf plqPsf ;Rrf gful/sn] clxn] g]kfnsf] /xg'k5{ . clxn] b]lvPsf ljleGg ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] Ps dfq ljsNk ;+oQ ' m
lyof] / plAhof] klg . cem dfgj ;+ljwfg;efh:tf dfux¿ s;sf] xf] < 5g\, cfGbf]lnt 5g . ;a}sf] Pp6} /fhg}lts w/ftn a'‰g' cfjZos 5 /fli6«o ;/sf/ g} xf] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] 7"nf] bnsf] x}l;otn] /fli6«o ;xdltsf]
clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf o;df w]/} lrlGtt b]zdf o;sf] vfFrf] s;n] Nofof] < dfu 5 -;+ljwfg agfpg dfcf]jfbL / b]zsf] nflu / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j dfcf]jfbLn] ug'k{ 5{ . dfcf]jfbLlagf zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
gePsf] eg] xf]Og . cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo o;sf] k|flKtsf lglDt lg/Gt/ sf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ . t/ lsg jt{dfg nflu sf] n8g ;S5 clxn] s f] k|lqmof Ps O~r cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}g . dfcf]jfbLn] zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
klg g]kfntkm{ cfˆgf] :of6]nfO6d'vL nl8/Xof] < zfxL zf;glj?4 r§fg ;/sf/ hgtfsf] efjgf ga'emLsg dxTjk"0f{ ljifo xf] . clxn] b]zsf k|lqmofnfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg bafa lbg] p2]Zon] ljleGg r/0fsf]
cfFvf t]:of{Psf] eg] kSs} lyof] . t/ eP/ sf] pleof] < s;n] o;sf nflu ;]gf kl/rfng u5{ eG5 < s] g]kfnL ;Dk" 0 f{ bnx¿ ldn] / dfcf] j fbL cfGbf]ng k"/f ul/;s]sf] 5 . d] lbj;sf] c;fwf/0f hgk|bz{g / To; nuQ}sf]
cfGbf]ng zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] cl3 alnbfg lbP < sf]–sf] o;sf nflu ;]gfn] tL hgtfdfly uf]nL rnfpF5 g]tT[ jnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ cfjZostf xf] . 5 lbg] cfd /fhgLlts x8\tfnaf6 ;d]t jt{dfg ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] x7 hf/L
a9\ o f] . zflGtk" 0 f{ tj/n] klg ;lxb eP < u0ftGqnfO{ yf]/} dfqfdf t < cfhsf] ;dodf Pp6f uf]nL rNg' hgtfsf] efjgfnfO{ a' e m] / /fv]sfn] hghgsf] b}lgsLnfO{ Wofg lbFb} dfcf]jfbLn] s]xL ;dosf] nflu x8\tfnsf]
cfGbf]ng x'g ;S5 eGg] Pp6f 5fk eP klg dfGg ;Sg] ;Defjgf af]ss ] f eg]sf] dxfef/tdf ch{'gsf] Pp6f k|wfgdGqLn] ;]gf kl/rfng u5{ sfo{qmd lkmtf{ lnFb} cGo cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{qmd oyfjt\ /fv]sf] 5 . l;ls:t
5f]8] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] . cem /fhf / pgsf zfvf ;Gtfg g} ;vfk afF0faf6 ;of}+ afF0f aGg' h:t} xf] . s] eGg'sf] ;§f cfˆgf] /fhLgfdf k]; u/L ePsf] zflGt k|lqmof / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg To;sf]
cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿sf nflu k|:t't agfpg] b/jf/ xTofsf08 eof] . PshgfnfO{ uf]nL nfUbf hgtf r"k ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] af6f] vf]nL pkrf/ x'g h?/L 5 . hgdt k|fKt 7"nf] bn dfcf]jfbLn] dfq To;sf] pkrf/
ug{ ;S5 . d'ns ' af;Ln] rfx]sf] h:tf] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'gsf] nflu /fli6«o
;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd, dgf]/~hgfTds tTkZrft csf{ /fhfn] tTsfnLg nfu] / a:nfg < s] cfGbf] n gdf cfGbf]ngdf Psa4 ePsf nfvf}F ;xdltsf] ;j{dfGo ;/sf/sf] cfjZostf 5 . of] oyfy{tfnfO{ sfFu; ]| , Pdfn]
g[ T o / ;flxlTos k| : t' l tn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lkFh8fdf y'gL b]zsf] cfPsf g]kfnLx¿ cs}{ u|xaf6 cfPsf g]kfnL hgtfk|lt ;b\efj b]vfpg' / ;/sf/df ;xefuL cGo bnx¿n] pk]Iff ul//x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf]
cfGbf]ngnfO{ k[ys agfPsf] 5 . zf;g cfˆgf] d'¶Ldf lnPsf] a]nf w]/n } ] x'g < s] pgLx¿ PlnoG; x'g < Tof] h?/L 5 . P= g] s kf dfcf] j fbL d'Vo p2]Zo ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fkl5 csf]{ ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu cfdlgjf{rg
ljleGg kqklqsf / cgnfOg ca k~rfotL Joj:yf kms]s { f] cg'dfg PlnoG; klg hLj xf] / p;nfO{ jfFRg] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/df ;a} bnsf k|a'4 geP;Dd /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ cfjZos 5 eGg] xf] Tof] tYonfO{ a'‰g
ldl8ofx¿n] cfGbf]ng k|z; + gLo ePsf] nufPsf lyP . x'g klg ;f] ;dodf clwsf/ x'G5 eg] g]kfnL hgtfsf] JolStx¿sf] ;xeflutf x'g' jt{dfg g;Sbf cGo bnx¿ d'ns ' nfO{ 7"nf] ;+s6df k'¥ofpg tF5f8d5f8 ul//x]sf
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xfdLn] b]vs ] f] ;'Gb/ ;fGt g]kfn / gof“ ;dfhdf s]xL gofF s'/f ug{;Sof}F eg] cfslif{t ePsf] :yfgLo z]/axfb'/ yf]s/n] lji6n] o; If]qsf] ljsf;–lgdf{0fdf eGg'eof] . ufpFdf df]6/af6f] k'¥ofpgsf k"hfcfhf ubf{ gfrufg u/L /sd
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tof/Ldf v6\g] qmddf nfdf] ;do /ftL pxfx¿nfO lrgfpb} uP“ . pxfx¿n] sDklg ;xfos sdf08/ s= 3lgi6 log} kvf08L pv]Ng, ;dfp, 3g Hofjn ..
;Dd sf] zf/L/Ls u8a8Lsf] sf/0f –/ftL xL8]sf If0fx¿ c+w/] L /ftdf klg a8f] lh1f;f / sf}t'xntf / lz¢fGt / Aofjfxf/ nrstf / b[9tf
z/L/ w/fk eO;s]sf] lyof] . t;y{ e'mk|fx¿df hgtfsf] uLt ufpb} gfr]sf] pT;fxfsf] ;fy lgofNb} hfg'eof] . clg ;d{k0f / lgi7fsf] csf]{ gfd xf]
klg a;¢f/f nfdf]ofqf ug'{ c;Dej If0fx¿ ;Demgfsf] t/]nLdf cem} tfh} dcf“k"m klg Aof:t k|fo /x]sf] sf/0f sd/]8 3lgi6 . k|Tos 7f“px¿ cf– /fi6«sf] cl:dtf a]Rb}, /dfpg] oL gLr x'g\ .
ePsf] sf/0f Kn]g r9g' d]/f] lgDtL 5 . xf], d ToxL clttsf] If0fdf 8'Ag Tolt a9L efjgfdf 8'Ag k'luPg . ck\mg} laif]ztf af]s]sf P]ltx“fl;s /
afWotf lyof] . k'U5' . hxfh cl3 a9b}lyof] . sfQLs] t/ o;k6s d ;+u s'g} kl/lrt claZd/0fLo lyP . hxfh t cem ljb]zL bf;tf log\sf], g]kfnL n]G8'k} oL x'g\ ..
lgwf{ / Lt ;dod} Po/kf] 6 { b] p /fnL,dfbgs' 8 f/L rf} / Lkf] v /L, ;fyLx¿ lyPg . t;y{ klg Wofg cfk\mg} ultdf xfgLb} 5 . hxfhsf] 6fpsfsf] d"No tf]Sg] oL, k|hftflGqs /] logL <
k'ut] fklg sl/j @ 306f 9Lnf] u/L a]yfg,nvgk'/, 6f]s/k"/ u'G;L ebf}/] cfjfZostf eGbf cGoq} df]8Lg ulteGbf d]/f] dg dlitis leq
!!M!* ah] olt Po/nfOg sf] nufot hgo' ¢ sf P] l tx“ f l;s kfPsf] xf] . :d[ltsf] kfgfdf k'l/Psf 5rNlsPsf] efjgfTds t/+usf] ult s'Qfem}F e'Sb5g\ cfh, ljb]zLsf u'nfd oL ..
6'Og]6/ hxfh n] ?Dhf6f/sf] lgDtL lsNnfx¿5n{ªu b]lvG5g . a]yfg / k|Tos If0fx¿ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ xhf/ u'0ff a9Llta| a]udf 5 .
uf}r/0f af6 k+v6] f prfNof] . hxfhn] rf}/Lkf]v/Lsf] ;DaGw glhssf] ;DaGw ;Demfgfsf] t/] n Ldf tfhf alg wf]la8“f8fnfO{ a“fof ;fO8 agfpb}
k+v]6f prfNg} nfUbf df]jfOndf glhssf] ;DaGw dfq xf]Og Ps ;NanfP . hxfh lnv'tk{m cf]/fnf] nfu]/ k'gM gflËPsf, oL x'g\ e|i6, s'kfq x'g,\ g]kfns} .
kmf]gsf] 306L aHof] . s:sf] /x]5 < csf]{df k'/s / efjgfTds ¿kdf # cGwsf/ /ftdf lk7\ o ' d f XjfQ} psfnf] r9\bf cfª lh/Lªu
x]g{ gkfpb} l5d]sL x¿sf] s7f]/ c“fTldo klg 5 . lty{ uf}td,gljg dfOg,sDd/df u[g6] / s“fwdf e?jf eof] .ca ;'?eof] sla lz¢Lr/0f ln;f]em}F 6fFl:;Psf 5g\, 5fdh'df| em}F skfns} ..
egfOsf] ;fdgf ug'{ kof]{ . kmf]g uf}td sdnf zdf{ ===========nufot aGb's af]s/] d'znwf/]kfgL k/L/x]sf] >] i 7 eGg' e Psf] æd] / f] Kof/f] gfRb5g\, gt{sL x'g\ oL ljb]zLn] grfpg] .
p7fpg] t s'/} 5f8f}= xtf/–xtf/ of]¢fx¿ hGdfpg] 7“fp clg g]kfnL a]nf Knfl:6s cf]9/] 5fd–5fd 5'd– cf]vn9+ufÆ . cfvn9+'ufsf] klZrdL
:jLr ckm u/]/ vNtLdf /fvLof] . gof hgafbL qmflGtsf] k| y d 5'd ub}{ lrKnf] af6f] cw{lgGb|df e" u f] n . k~rfot sfndf s7\kt' nL oL x'g\ cfkm},F bdgdf /dfpg] ..
hxfh af} ¢ sf] dfyL–dfyL x' b } P]ltx“f;Ls kmf}hL sf/jfxL ;kmn uGtAotk{ m nDlsO/xbf bh{ g f} zfifsx¿¢f/f a]kQf agfOg'ePsf
rfu' g f/fo0f x' b } gu/sf] 6 sf] ePsf] 7fp a]yfg . dxfg dfG5]x¿n] h' s fx¿n] k} t fnfb] l v 6' K kL;Dd qmflGtsf/L of]¢f u0f]zlgwL uf}td,
ghLs}af6 pkTofsf kf/ uof]{ . clg aL/tfsf] Oltxf; sf]/]/ hgo'¢sf] gfkL;s]sf x'Gy] . clg ;]s]08e/ hgo'¢sf] qmddf a]kQf agfOg'ePsf gx6f}F o'4df]rf{ xf], xfd|f] d'lQm lbnfpg] .
sfe|]sf] s'Gtfa]zL x'b} k“frvfn tk{m P]ltx“f;Ls sf]z]9'+uf ;fjLt ePsf] /f]lsP/ h'sf 5fDg nfUof] eg] l6d lbg]z uf}td,x]dgf/fo0f >]i7 nufot
xfgLof] . d}n] tn–t n b]vLPsf a]yfg / a]yfgsf] aL/tf Oltxf“;sf] l8:s06\ofs eO b'3{6gfsf] d'vdf of]¢fx¿ hGdLPsf] 7“fp . k“mf;LafbL dfcf]jfb xf], If]Kof:q, clUg jf0f rnfpg] ..
e' m k| f x¿ nfO lrxfpg yfn] . kfgfdf ;w}e/L uf9f /xg] 5 . uj{n] k' u ] / aNn tNn a“ f r] s f] y' k | } zfifsx¿Sf] la?¢ n8bf–n8b} pRr Gofok|d] L ;a} nfuf},F cfˆgf] ;Qf arfpg .
lta:tLx¿nfO lgofNg yfn] . 5ftL k'mNof], >¢fn] lz/ e'mSof] k'Mg claZd/0fLo ;To syfx¿ 5g . alnbfg ug'x{ g' ] ;of}+ dxfg ;lxb x¿
cg]sf]6, ltgkLKn], ltdfn k“rvfn Psk6s ;nfd u/] + a] y fgsf] lte"uf]nx¿df y'kk}| 6s lbp;f] jf x'sL{Psf] 7“fp . af?b/f]k]/ cfuf] nfuf},F hfuf},F p7f}F ;f/f, gofF ;Qf agfpg ...
Aof/]s, dxfef/t 8“f8f,======;a} a: aL/tfnfO d'77L s;]/ . hxfh cfk\mg} /ftL 6f9f–6f7f ;Dd l6d ;Dks{df kmnfpg] 7f“p, Tof] /ftf] d"ld .
tLx¿ 5n{ªu b]lvP . cg]sf]6 <
9sSs hLp k'mNof] . @)%% r}q %
ult cfk\mg} prfOdf / a]udf 5 .
pQ/ tk{ m x' : ;' / s' l x/f]
hf“bf xftdf r'+uL af]s]/ r'Oud
k8sfp“b} , b' Z dgsf] c“ f vf 5Nb}
;lxbe"ld . Tolta]nf ;Dd hxfh
Clifrp/sf] dfyL x“b' } ssgLsf] 8“f8f
g]kfnsf] ‘tfhdxn’ sf] dd{t sfo{ ;'?
ut] d hLl/–sf7df08f} s f] lbjf efuL;s]tfklg s'xL/f]sf kmfN;fx¿ nlhli6«s / k|flalws ;fdfgx¿ dfyL pSnLof] . ;fob hxfhnfO kfNkf . kfNkf lhNnfsf] jf}3fu'xf{ b/af/sf] ;+/If0f / ;/;kmfO sfo{df
oftfoft PS;k|; ] df sf7df08f} cfpb} obf sbf bf}8L/x]sf lyP . d]/f Cf;f/ k;f/ ubf{ slxn] nfx'/] / ssgL,ltgtn] nufot 8“f8fx¿ kf/ uflj; j8f g+ = @ df /x] s f] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . j}zfv @
lyP“ . lbp;f] s/Lj #M))ah]sf] x'bf] c“fvfx¿ k6s k6s xLd >[«ªvnf el/of t slxn] 9fqm] ag]sf] 5' . k|fo ug{ sl7g x'g/] x]5 Sof/],Tofxf k'uk] l5 P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, k'/ftflTjs Pj+ ut] b ] l v ko{ 6 g sfof{ n oaf6
xf] . kfrvfn cfOk' U bf b+ u f x¿nfO{ lgofNb} km]/L tn–tn vf+r ] df ;a} sfGnf / kfvf x¿nfO{ 5fd]sf] hxfhsf] ult / cj:yf crfgs ko{6sLo :yfn /flgdxn b/af/ ljlgof]lht /sdn] /fgL dxnsf] dd{t
k|x/Lx¿sf] x'nsf–x'n 6«sx¿ t}gfy cfOk'U5g . hxfhsf] ult;+u} z}n'ª 5' . rf}l/kf]v/Ldf ;lxb :df/s c:jefljs / c;fdfGo aGbf d]/f] hL0ff]4{ f/ ug]{ sfo{ b|t" ¿kdf eO/x]sf] ;Dxf/sf] sfo{ b|"t ultdf eO/x]sf]
lyP . ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ h“fr k8tfn 8“f8fn] uf}/Lz+s/ lxdfnnfO{ cfk\mgf] l;nfGof; ug{ h“fbf cfnf]s lgdL{t dfq x}g,k|fo ;a} ofq'x¿sf] ;ftf] k'Tnf] 5 . v8\uzdz]/n] cfˆgL >LdtL 5 . s]xL lbgd} o;sf] dxTjk"0f{
kl5 dfq l5g{ kfpy] . cfh lsg sbleq n'sfO{ ;Sbf cf“vfx¿n] k'nfpklg vfPsf] 5' clg z}nª' / p8\of] . ca;'?eof] d]/f] klg k'Vof}n { L /fgL t]hs'df/Lsf] d[To' ePkZrft sfo{x¿ ;lsg] / afFsL /x]sf] sfdx¿
oltw]/} r]lsª < oltw]/} b+uf k|x/L bf]/Dafsf] dfyLaf6 d]nª' 8f“8f lgofNg dfxfef/tsf sfvsf e'mk|fx¿sf] wlt{ . ToxL df6f]sf] kf]lznf] bfgf / pgs} ;Demgfdf lj=;+= !($( df lj:tf/} ub}{ hfg] Snasf cWoIf s[i0f
x¿ t}gfy < . w]/} v'Nb'nLs}lardf k' U 5g . d] n ' ª 8“ f 8f cyf{ t bb{gfs kL+8f / a]bgfnfO{ glhs af6 lr;f] kfgLn] d]/f xft kf?/fx¿ klg l;nGof; u/L lj=;+= !(%$ lgdf{0f kf08]n] atfP . ko{6sLo :ynsf]
klg k|Zg cg'Q/Lt g} /xof] . a; d]n'ªdf]rf{ . @)%^ ;fn d+;L/ !* ;'D;'DofPsf] 5' . xf]==========sltw]/} oltsf ePsf x'g . lhNnfsf] Oltx“f;df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ef/tdf /x]sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] /fgL dxn b/af/sf]
hj w'nLv]n cfOk'Uof] . clgdfq yfxf ut] /ftL z}nª' 8f8fn] k\mofs]sf] lr;f] k|uf9 auL{o dfof / qmflGtsf/L k' / ftgafbL ;+ i s[ l t / cfu| f sf] tfhdxn;F u ul/g] of] sfd eO/x]sf] eP tfklg ;/sf/L
eof] cg]sf]6df Rofªjf nfdf, ;'eb|f ;L/]6f]sf] em6f/f]sf] k|jfx gu/L efjgf lyof] Tof] dxfg ofqfdf < t/ k|lts[ofafbLcv8fsf] k|ofo ag]sf] dxnnfO{ g]kfnsf] …tfhdxnÚ sf] lgsfo tyf ;DalGwt lgsfon] s'g}
;fksf]6f 8Da/ >]i7 nufPt & hgf b' Z dgsf] SofDkdfyL ad uf] n f cfh sx“ uof] Tof] auL{odfof, Tof] cf] v n9+ ' u fsf] /fhg} l ts ¿kdf lrlgg] ul/G5 . o; b/af/df klg lsl;dsf] ;xof]u gu/]sf] s'/f
hgsnfsf/ x¿ nfO{ b+uf k|x/L aif{fO/xbf sd/]8 zdf{ pQ/s'df / qmflGtsf/L efjgf / Tof] sd/]8nL zlQm;Gt'ngdf o;kfnL km/flsnf] b}lgs h;f] ;of}s F f] ;+Vofdf cfGtl/s atfP . o;sf] Jojl:yt ¿kdf
x¿n] 3/ 3]/f xfnL Ho'b} cfuf] nufO{ 7f8fdu/ / sd/]8 lazfn n] c“fTdLo ;DaGw < cGwsf/ /ftdf c;Gt'ngsf] leif0f tof/Ldf h'6L/x]sf] tyf afXo ko{6s cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;+/If0fsf] sfd x'g g;s]df s]xL
qm'/tfk"js { xTof u/LPsf] 7“fp . u/Lj aL/utL k|fKt u/]sf] 7“fp . clg d/Ls'Rr] ef/L af]s]/ x}g, olta]nf lyof] . Gofo,:jtGqtf / d'lQmsf] lgDtL o; :yfgdf wfld{s dfGotfcg';f/ ;dod} o;nfO{ s' ¿ k agfpg]
b'bL e'mk|fsf syf Aofyfx¿nfO{ af“;/' L bf]/Daf , bf]>f] k6s o'¢la/fd eP/ d Kn]gsf] ofqf ;o/ ul//x]sf] 5' . l6Da'/af]6] xTofsf08 x“'b} !) aif]{ klg cToGt /fd| f ] /x] s f] 5 . ePsf] n ] klg o;;F u ;DalGwt
/ dfbnsf] efsfdf ufpb} ahfpb} zflGt jftf{ eO/xbf afa'nfn tfdfª stL dHhf x'g/] x]5 sfjfvf“b} xfjfdf hgo'¢sf] qmddf ;of} qmflGtsf/L sflnu08sLsf] pQ/ aflxgL gbL oxL lgsfon] o;sf] ;+/If0fdf Wofg
lx8g] lg/fk/fw ;'/Lnf unfx¿df sd/]8 k'ik sd/]8 /lQmd nufPt p8]sf] r/Le}m+ , dfG5]klg lg:lkmqmL of]¢fx¿sf] cfnf] /utn] /+luPsf] :yfgdf dfq ePsf] sf/0f klg o;sf] lbg'kg]{ atfP . clxn] lhlj;n]
;+lug 3f]r/] Ift–laIft kf/LPsf] 7f“p @! hgf xf]gxf/ of]¢fx¿nfO{ zfxL xfjfdfyL p8b}h “ f“ bf < . cfh dnfO{ /Qmd'5n ] 8“f8f kfvf / u“fp–a:tLx¿ dxTj cem a9L ePsf] xf] . o; dfl;s !%)) dfq lbg] u/]sf] 5,
xf] cg] s f] 6 .To;} u /L ltglkKn] cfttfoL ;]gfx¿n] uf“p 3]/fxfnL stf–stf d]/f] lautn] s'/L–s'/L /ftf em08fx¿ kmx/fpb} hgd'lQmsf b/af/nfO{ @)^# ;fn b]lv lg/Gt/ of] /sd kof{Kt gePsf]n] o;sf]
ledvf] / L df] r f{ d f zfxbtx' g ] sAhfdf nLO ;fd'lxs ¿kdf laeT; ul//x]sf] 5 em}+ nfUof] . cfjfhx¿ 3GsfO/x]sf lyP . hxfhn] ¿kdf ;+ / If0f Pj+ ;a4{ g ub} { ;+/If0fdf afwf k'u]sf] kf08]on]
cfb/0fLo dxfg dfG5] wd{ hGdfpg] xTof u/]sf] 7“fp . d]/f] bLdfudf zdf{ @ cGwsf/ ;fd|fHo leqaf6 d'lQm uf] ? df/] e~Hofªsf] dfyL af6 cfO/x]sf] ;dfh;]jf c;n zf;g atfP . sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 b'Oh { gf
uf“p . g]kfnL hgqmfGltsf] cleofgdf / lazfn clg bf]/Daf xTofsf08sf / kl/jt{gsf] ;kgf b]Vbf xHhf/f}+ l6Da'/af]6s ] f] h+unnfO{ lrofpb},l;:g] Snan] ko{ 6 g sfo{ e} / xjfaf6 sd{ r f/L /fVgsf] nflu k| o f;
;'of]Uo 5f]/f–5f]/Lx¿ u'dfpg' \kof]{ . / 7f]6g\ ] vf]nfnfO{ kmgSs kmGsf] df/]/ ljlgof]lht /sdn] dd{t ug{ nfu]sf] eO/x]sf] 5 . s'g} lgsfoaf6 /sd
lgs'~h :yfkgfkl5 !! hgfn] Hofg u'dfP ;of}+ oftgfsf lk+8fx¿ ;xg' kof]{ .
To;}n]t :tAw 5g lt a:tLx¿,
/ftfDo ?Dh6f/sf] d}bfgdf 3qSs
k+v6] f v;fNof] . kl/jt{sf] gof“ pT;fxf
xf] . o; cfly{s jif{df o; Snan]
b/af/sf] d'Vo efusf] /ª/f]ug,
pknAw ePdf tTsfn}b]lv b/af/
;+/If0fsf nflu sd{rf/L /fVg] lg0f{o
;'v]{t . alb{of /fli6«o lgs'~h 5nkmnsf ;xefuLn] ;'/Iffsf nflu dd{t, ‰ofn, 9f]sf dd{t, kf]v/L ul/Psf] pgn] hfgsf/L u/fP . o;}
nfvf}l+ k+8f / a]bgfnfO{lgn]/ laa]sk"0f{ af]s]/ d klg lahoL cleofgdf
:yfkgf ePkl5 ;'v]{t xl/x/k'/ ufpF lgs' ~ h :yfkgf eP klg pN6} dd{t, ‰ofndf l;;f nufpg], au}r F f b/af/ kl/;/df Snasf] ;Dks{
k|lt/f]w ub}{ r}q @* nfO{ klv{ a;]sf ;xefuL ag] .
ljsf; ;ldltsf !! hgf gful/sn] gful/s g} l;sf/ x'g' k/]sf] eGb} lgdf{0fnufotsf sfo{x¿ ug]{ ePsf] sfof{no /xg] s'/f kf08]n] atfP .
Hofg u'dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . lj=;+= @)$% lrGtf JoSt u/] . jGohGt' rf]/L– 5 . o; sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/ ¿kdf b/af/sf] klxnf] r/0fsf] sfd ;DkGg
df :yfkgf ePsf] alb{of /fli6«o l;sf/Lsf] cf/f]kdf gful/sn] Hofg ;~rfng u/L cfufdL jif{df cGo ePkl5 b/af/df k|jz ] z'Ns;d]t
lgs' ~ hdf rf] / L–l;sf/L u/] s f] u'dfpg yfn]kl5 lgs'~h cf;kf;sf afFsL /x]sf] efusf] k"0f{¿kdf dd{t lng] / ;f]af6 p7]sf] /sdn] b/af/sf]
cleof]udf ;'/IffsdL{sf] uf]nL nfu]/ :yfgLo afl;Gbf cGoq ;g{ yfn]sf] ug]{ sfo{df cufl8 al9/x]sf 5f}F, ;+/If0fsf] sfo{df vr{ ul/g] s'/f
xl/x/k'/sf dfq} !! hgf :yfgLo 5g\ . pgLx¿n] rf]/L–l;sf/L /f]Sg Snasf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs bLks atfP . o; If]qsf] h'g ¿kdf ljsf;
gful/ssf] d[To' ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . :yfgLo o'jf / gful/s ;lqmo eP/ kf08]on] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ko{6g x'gk' g]{ xf], Tof] ¿kdf ljsf; x'g
;'v]{tsf ljleGg uflj;df nfu" nfUg'kg]{ 7x/ klg u/]sf 5g\ . jif{ @)!! nfO{ dWo]gh/ u/]/ Snan] ;ls/x]sf] 5}g, o; :yfg;Dd df]6/
eO/x]sf] jGohGt' rf] / L–l;sf/L lgs'~hdf a9]sf] cj}w lqmofsnfk /f]Sg u/]sf] sfo{nfO{ kfNkfdf /x]sf lhNnf af6f] k'u]df dfq o; If]qsf] ljsf;
lgoGq0f ;r]tgf cleofgcGtu{t ;/sf/ uDeL/ x'gk' g]{ / gful/sn] klg k| x /L sfof{ n o, kfNkfsf k| g fp x'g] s'/f tfg;]g /fgL3f6 df]6/ af6f]
xl/x/k'/ t]nkfgLdf ;DkGg ePsf] ;xof]u ug'k{ g]{ pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . kjgs'df/ lu/Lsf] g]t[Tjdf %) pkef]St ;ldltsf pkfWoIf kf]ifsfGt
uflj;:t/Lo 5nkmn sfo{qmddf o:tf] kl5Nnf] ;dodf jGohGt' ;+/If0fsf hgfeGbfsf] 6f]nLn] s]xL ;docl3 a:ofnn] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ko{6g
hfgsf/L lbOPsf] xf] . jftfj/0f nflu lgs'~h;Fu hf]l8Psf ;'vt{] sf ;/;kmfO{ u/]sf] lyof] . To;} qmddf jif{ @)!! nfO{ ;kmn kfg{sf] nflu
;+/If0f d~r ;'vt{] / ljZj jGohGt' gful/s / :yfgLo o'jf Sna ;lqmo kfNkfdf /x]sf] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u?8 klg /fgL3f6 b/af/;Dd df]6/af6f]
sf]if sf7df8f}sF f] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] ePsf 5g\ . bn u0f, kfNkfn] klg /fgL dxn k'¥ofpg' kg]d { f hf]8 lbP .
@)^& ;fn j}zfv @^ ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ7
k|jf;L==== klxn] e Gbf leGg} 5 . ljutsf
cfGbf]ngdf u|fdL0f ju{x¿sf] Go"g
cfh b] z df PsLs[ t g] s kf pkl:ylt x'GYof] eg] o;df ;x/L /
lgxTyf hg;d"bfodfly lgd{d bdg
x'g ;Sb5 . o:tf] bdgnfO{ ;zSt
k|ltsf/ ug{ ;lsPg eg] g t of]
aflx/sf] lnsdf rNg yfNof] .
;+jw} flgs ;jf]R{ rtfdfly g} uDeL/
k|xf/ eof] h'g s'/f ;lRrg'k5{ /
yfgLo afl;Gbf h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf
:yfgLo
dfcf] j fbLn] u/] s f] zflGtk' 0 f{ u| f dL0f ju{ x ¿sf] ;dfg' k flts cfGbf]ng ;kmn x'g]5, g t gofF g]kfnL /fhgLltnfO{ k'gM ;+jw} flgs Onfd . ef/tLo ;Ldf;Fu hf]l8Psf Onfdsf cfwf bh{g uflj;sf afl;Gbf
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dfcf]jfbLn] cfk"mnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf ;'t/' d'ux{ ¿ ljb]zL zlStn] 5l/lbPsf] ;lqmo x'G5g\,Ú pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . bnÚ P]Soa4tf hfx]/ ub{5 . ;fy}, / ;+ljwfg;efdf bnsf] pkl:yltcg';f/ pEofpg' h?/L 5 . To;dfly cfkm"nfO{
7"nf] / hgtfsf] ;a}eGbf ljZjfl;nf]
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lbOPsf] 5 ls /fxbfgL agfpg rfxG5g\ . lx+;f pgLx¿sf] lyP / ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bnsf] ¿kdf c8fg cfPkl5 ;/sf/ of] of]hgfdf ;fy ;DkGg ug'{sf] ;f6f] ;Qf:jfy{ lgisif{df k'¥ofpg / hgefjgfcg'sn" sf]
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lbg] eGg] lg0f{o;d]t ljb]zdf x'g] kl/jt{gsf] Do'lhsn r]o/sf] v]nsf lyP . t/, lj8Dagf ;xdtLo o;}aLr, ljut Ps ;ftfcl3b]lv kmf]x/L /fhgLlts v]ndf nfu]/ lgdf{0f ug{ Odfgbf/L / uDeL/tfsf ;fy
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clwsf/x¿sf] k"0f{ pkxf; ul/Psf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] g]tT[ jn] s] ;f]Rg' laqmLsf] ;fwg agfpg]nufotsf ;dfhnufotsf ;+3;+:yfn] bdgsf] bnx¿sf hglj/f]wL lqmofsnfkx¿sf ljZn] i fsx¿sf] 7x/ /x] s f] 5 .
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gkg]{ /sd hDdf u/]/ rflxPsf] cf]nL;DdnfO{ laGtL la;fP . Tof] klg sdhf]/ b]lvP . k|wfgdGqLs} x}l;otn] v'jfOlbG5f}+, /fd|f] 7fpFmdf kf]l:6ª kh]/f] ;+:sf/df ljsf; u/]sf] oyfy{ hgtfaf6 gl5k]sf] x'Fbf hgtfn] p7\g}
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ul//x]sf] 5 . /fHosf] 9's'6L a|Xdn'6 ug{ kNs]sf] ToxL ju{ xflnd'xfnL ug{ @@
y]Ug} g;Sg] u/L cfZjf;gsf kf]sf eP/ kSs} xf]Og xf]nf . pgn] cfˆgf] l8s]Gb|h:tf gful/sx¿ cfTdxTofsf] ;'gfpF5g\ r'gfjtfsf . ufpF3/df bnLo u7aGwgnfO{ s;/L x'G5, ;+/If0f ug{ nfluk/]sf] 5 . /fHosf] 9's'6L hlt
afF8\b} ef]6 dfu]sf] la;{g] g]tfx¿ 5f]/fsf] nflu xftd'v hf]g{ d]nf] ldnfO{ dfu{ klxNofpg ljjz x'G5g\ . ef]ln ;f]emf;femf gful/snfO{ oltsf u'lnof g} vr{ eP klg, kl/jt{gsf hlt g} ;Defjgf eP klg ljsf; lgdf{0fsf hlt
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nfhdbf]{ s'/f s] xf]nf t < dfggLo l;Sb} u/]sf sfo{stf{sf] eljio s:tf] kf6L{sf nflu ;j{Zj Tofu ubf{ klg u/fpF5g\, 5f]/f jf 5f]/Ln] /fd|f] hflu/ ls hlt g} /fHosf]if l/TofP klg s'g} kjf{x / lkmqmL u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . @@ bn]
u7aGwg To:t} ljljw ljs[ltsf] pkh xf] .
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kl/jf/sf] ljrNnLtkm{ g]tfsf] Wofg csf]{eGbf cufl8 cfpg ;lsG5 t/ kfOFb}g . dflyNnf] txsf g]tfx¿df cGTodf ltg} ck] I ff /fv] s f cflbcflb . dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngn] pu|¿k lng] ;/sf/L k|fk] f]uG8f dfq ePg
uPsf] kfOFb}g . Pshgf sfo{stf{n] Tof] sfo{stf{sf] dgf]an lu/]sf]tkm{ :jfTj} a9]sf] ljnfzLtf, tNnf] txsf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ pN6f] s]xL ug{ g;s]kl5 u7aGwgsf !) bnn] cfˆgf hgjuL{o ;+u7gx¿nfO{ k|ltsf/df pqg kmdf{g
hf/L u¥of] . d] ! sf] ljzfn hg;fu/nfO{ p;n] ;fgf] ;+Vof dfq b]Vof] .
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nfk/afxLn] !& jif{df pBf]unfO{ k|of]u jif{ laTof] . To;sf] af/Daf/ dd{t kmnfd] 8G8Lsf] cfoft ut jif{ t'ngfdf 5 . :6f/ l;d]G6 tyf gf/fo0fL /f]lnª Tolt lbg Joy{sf] ax;, 5nkmnn] ;do aaf{b ug'e { Gbf ;8saf6} ;+ljwfg
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DELTA -8]N6f_
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