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Science 4 Chapter 3 Materials

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Fauziah Sulaeman D'nine Chastlé
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40 views14 pages

Science 4 Chapter 3 Materials

Ghhjjjiuiiijuu

Uploaded by

Fauziah Sulaeman D'nine Chastlé
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

CIENCE

CHAPTER 3
1. solids: books, a ball, a cup, a
bottle, a chair, and a table.

2. liquids: water, coffee, and


liquid in flask. Gas: air inside
the ball, steam
Page 49
Materials, Substances, and Particles
Matter is everything around us;
solid, liquid, gas. A material is a certain type of
matter. Plastic, wood, rubber, and
glass are also materials.

Most materials are mixtures of


All matter is made of particle. Particle is a
different substances. a substance is
very small part or bit of something. Some
a pure type of solid, liquid, and gas.
particles are big such as particles of dust,
Most particles are much too small

Page 50
Page 51

to make a glass, people mix sand with From a clear liquid glass can be made into
substances, such as soda ash and limestone. different shapes. The liquid glass goes hard
when they are heated together, they form a when it cools. People use glass to make
clear liquid glass. window panes, bottle, and light bulb.
The particle model of matter
in solids, the particles are packed tightly
together. the spaces are very small, the
particles cannot move around very much
All matter is made up of and in fixed position.
particles. A particle is a very
in liquids, the particles are close together, but
small part or bit of something.
they are not packed. there are bigger spaces
between particles. it allows the particles to
because most particles of slide past one another and change places.
matter are very small, scientists
use a model to explain how the in gases, the particles are very far apart from
particles from substances. each other. there are big spaces between the
particles. the particles can move freely in all
Page 52 directions.
Page 54-56

we cannot pour solids like we can pour


solids keep their shapes. the shape of a solid liquids. sand, flour, salt, and sugar are
does not change. we can make some solids similar to liquids. we can pour them and
change shape if we squeeze or push on them they take the shape of the container.
hard enough,. They are called POWDER.
powders are made up of lots of very tiny
pieces or grains. the grains have space to
liquids particles are further apart than move into. the grains flow past one
solids particles. it lets them move easily. the another like the particles in a liquid.
liquid can flow and take the shape of its
container.
Sebera’s ice
cream start
solid, when ed as
the sun heat
cream chang ed, ice
ed into liqu
id. it is
called MELTI
NG.

Most materials and


substances can change
when they are heated or
cooled.
Page 58
SOLIDIFYING is the opposite of
melting. when a substance or materials
change from a liquid to a solid. they
lose heat. It is called FREEZING too.

Substances change state when they melt or


solidify. change of state is called a
PHYSICAL PROCESS because the substance
only changes its form. the substance does
not change into a different substance.

Page 59
The particles in a substance
gain energy when we heat
the substance.

If the particles lose enough


energy, the liquid changes
state and becomes a solid.

Page 60
Metals (gold&silver) will melt if they are heated
enough. They must be heated to very high
temperatures to make them melt. When the melted
metal cools, it solidifies and forms a solid again.

Page 62
answer.
1. chocolate will melt
2. chocolate changes the state: melting
3. yes, freeze it
4. a. no, it doesn’t change into new
substance. It is physical change only.
b. yes, by hands picking

Page 63
Change of state is a physical process that changes the
form of a substance. The substance does not change.

When substances are mixed together,


they change and form a new substance
or material. It is called A CHEMICAL
REACTION. The substances react
together.

Page 64
Builders mix cement powder with sand, Page 64
water, and limestone, they make a new
material called CONCRETE. Concrete turns
back into the substances that made it.

Burning wood is a chemical reaction.


when we heat the wood, it reacts with the
air. a grey substance called ASH and two
different gases form.

The metal in the cans and cars reacts with


other substances to form a new
substance called RUST. RUSTING is a
chemical reaction.

Ms. Ningrum

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